本文關鍵詞： 網(wǎng)絡參與 政府 回應模式　出處：《復旦大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著網(wǎng)絡技術的快速發(fā)展,使網(wǎng)絡參與成為可能。網(wǎng)絡參與作為非制度化政治參與的一個重要方式,正在中國發(fā)展壯大,影響中國的政治生態(tài)和民主環(huán)境。本文首先分析了網(wǎng)絡參與在中國的發(fā)展歷程,作為傳統(tǒng)政治參與的重要補充,網(wǎng)絡參與經(jīng)歷了單向參與階段,網(wǎng)絡溝通階段和網(wǎng)絡互動階段共三個階段,以其表達主體的隱匿性和平等化、表達方式的交互性和便捷化、表達時機的時效性和直接化,成為目前中國公眾的政治參與方式之一。2012年6月底,中國網(wǎng)民數(shù)量已經(jīng)突破5億大關,越來越多的人懂得如何上網(wǎng),如何在網(wǎng)上發(fā)表觀點,影響政府決策。然而由于傳統(tǒng)政府回應模式的滯后性、被動型、卸責性和粗暴型,已經(jīng)不能適應網(wǎng)絡參與帶來的民意劇增效應。同時由于網(wǎng)絡灰色產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的形成,導致網(wǎng)絡水軍充斥著整個網(wǎng)絡,職業(yè)刪帖人和跟帖人的存在使網(wǎng)絡處于無序狀態(tài)。在網(wǎng)絡參與的視角下,政府必須改變既有的傳統(tǒng)回應模式,重構一條適合網(wǎng)絡參與環(huán)境下的政府回應模式。 為此,本文分析了網(wǎng)絡條件下政府與公民的互動類型,可以分為私利性被動互動類型、公共性被動互動類型、觸發(fā)式主動互動類型和預防式主動互動類型共四種。接著闡述了在不同互動類型下政府與公民是如何相互進行博弈,并在此過程中如何轉(zhuǎn)換博弈策略,從而達到力量的均衡對抗。在此基礎上,本文總結(jié)了政府回應網(wǎng)絡參與的三種主要模式：被動回應模式、及時回應模式和灰色回應模式,其中及時回應模式又細分為觸發(fā)式及時回應模式和預防式及時回應模式。 一般面對網(wǎng)絡事件,政府的固有回應模式是需要經(jīng)歷被動回應到觸發(fā)式及時回應的過程,期間由于網(wǎng)民和政府的持續(xù)博弈,容易造成政府形象的損害；另外網(wǎng)絡水軍的存在也助長著網(wǎng)絡暴力和破壞網(wǎng)絡正常傳播秩序。所以本文建議政府回應公共性網(wǎng)絡事件的方式可以直接采取觸發(fā)式及時回應模式,從而最大程度上重新塑造政府公信力。當然政府更多時候也應該采取預防式及時回應模式,建立信息公開制度,定時定期發(fā)布相關政策信息,維護網(wǎng)絡傳播的正常秩序。 綜上所述,本文建議必須重構網(wǎng)絡參與視角下的政府及時回應模式,通過重塑政府回應理念、完善政府回應的法制建設、優(yōu)化政府回應網(wǎng)絡參與的組織結(jié)構和強化政府回應網(wǎng)絡參與的制度建設,主動出擊,建構政府回應網(wǎng)絡民意的全方位立體式模式,為政府與網(wǎng)民搭建起和諧的溝通橋梁,提升政府的回應能力和回應效果,實現(xiàn)與公眾的共同治理。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of network technology, network participation is becoming possible. As an important way of non-institutionalized political participation, network participation is developing and expanding in China. This paper first analyzes the development process of network participation in China. As an important supplement of traditional political participation, network participation has experienced one-way participation. There are three stages of network communication and network interaction, which are the occult and equality of the expression subject, the interaction and convenience of the expression mode, the timeliness and directness of the expression opportunity. At the end of June 2012, the number of Internet users in China has broken through the 500 million mark, more and more people know how to surf the Internet and how to express their views on the Internet. However, because of the lag, passivity, shirking and rudeness of the traditional government response mode. At the same time, because of the formation of network grey industry chain, the network water army is flooded with the whole network. The existence of professional censors and posters makes the network in disorder. From the perspective of network participation, the government must change the existing traditional response mode and reconstruct a government response model suitable for the network participation environment. Therefore, this paper analyzes the types of interaction between the government and citizens under the network conditions, which can be divided into private passive interaction type, public passive interaction type. There are four types of triggered active interaction and preventive active interaction. Then it explains how the government and citizens play games with each other under different types of interaction and how to change the game strategy in the process. On this basis, this paper summarizes the three main modes of government response network participation: passive response model, timely response model and grey response model. Among them, the timely response mode is subdivided into trigger timely response mode and preventive timely response mode. Generally, in the face of network events, the government's inherent response mode is to experience the process of passive response to trigger timely response. During the process, it is easy to damage the image of the government because of the continuous game between netizens and the government. In addition, the existence of network navy also contributes to the network violence and the destruction of network normal communication order. Therefore, this paper suggests that the government can directly respond to public network events by triggering timely response mode. Of course, the government should also take preventive timely response mode, establish information disclosure system, and regularly release relevant policy information. Maintain the normal order of network communication. To sum up, this paper suggests that the government response model under the perspective of network participation should be reconstructed, and the legal system construction of government response should be improved by reinventing the concept of government response. Optimize the organizational structure of government response to network participation and strengthen the system construction of government response to network participation, take the initiative to attack, and construct a comprehensive three-dimensional model of government response to network public opinion. To build a harmonious communication bridge between the government and Internet users, to enhance the government's response ability and response effect, and to achieve common governance with the public.
【學位授予單位】：復旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D63

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本文編號：1463585