【摘要】：鄧小平曾多次指出：“中國(guó)有百分之八十的人口住在農(nóng)村,中國(guó)穩(wěn)不穩(wěn)定,首先看這百分之八十穩(wěn)定不穩(wěn)定�！睆V大鄉(xiāng)村是中國(guó)社會(huì)得以快速發(fā)展的堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ),鄉(xiāng)村的穩(wěn)定和健康發(fā)展為工業(yè)化、城市化的順利推進(jìn)提供了最可靠的保障。 進(jìn)入新世紀(jì)以來(lái),中國(guó)廣大鄉(xiāng)村普遍出現(xiàn)了諸多新的問(wèn)題,如基層治理能力衰退,農(nóng)民公共服務(wù)產(chǎn)品缺乏、農(nóng)民利益受損、鄉(xiāng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)滯后、農(nóng)民群體性事件增多等等,這一結(jié)果不僅影響到了鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì)的基本穩(wěn)定,且一定程度危及到了中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的順利進(jìn)行。問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的根本原因在于,傳統(tǒng)鄉(xiāng)村治理模式不適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代社會(huì)治理發(fā)展的內(nèi)在要求,中國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村治理的模式轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)缫褎?shì)在必行。 當(dāng)前中國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村治理研究方興未艾,集中了了社會(huì)學(xué)、政治學(xué)、人類學(xué)等諸多學(xué)科的共同參與,涌現(xiàn)出了大量卓有成效的研究成果,這些成果大都從各自學(xué)科視野出發(fā),或研究具體問(wèn)題、或探討制度設(shè)計(jì),都具有很強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)性。馬克思主義是中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的重要指導(dǎo),馬克思的現(xiàn)代社會(huì)理論有它自身豐富的內(nèi)涵,但至今并未完全被我們充分挖掘。馬克思所主張的城鄉(xiāng)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展、城鄉(xiāng)走向融合等觀點(diǎn)對(duì)于我們今天的鄉(xiāng)村治理依然有著重要的指導(dǎo)作用。本文正是運(yùn)用馬克思現(xiàn)代社會(huì)理論作為分析工具,站在歷史唯物主義的高度,在合理吸收以往研究成果基礎(chǔ)上系統(tǒng)考察中國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村治理的歷史發(fā)展及其困境、分析其原因,力圖為我國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村治理平穩(wěn)轉(zhuǎn)向現(xiàn)代治理提供對(duì)策建議,相信這一探索對(duì)于推進(jìn)新農(nóng)村建設(shè)、構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì),具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和理論意義。 論文共分五部分：第一部分是引言,首先闡明選擇本課題的研究背景及選題意義,對(duì)20世紀(jì)以來(lái)關(guān)于中國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村治理研究的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)梳理,最后對(duì)本文的寫(xiě)作思路及論文結(jié)構(gòu)做了具體說(shuō)明。第二部分介紹馬克思現(xiàn)代社會(huì)理論的基本觀點(diǎn),得出對(duì)于當(dāng)代鄉(xiāng)村治理的啟示。第三部分介紹中國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村治理的特征及歷史沿革。從對(duì)“鄉(xiāng)村治理”一詞的定義入手,界定中國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村治理的內(nèi)涵與論域,在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)我國(guó)歷史上鄉(xiāng)村治理的歷史沿革進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的梳理與分析。第四部分論述中國(guó)當(dāng)代鄉(xiāng)村治理面臨的機(jī)遇,并在在吸收結(jié)合相關(guān)研究成果的基礎(chǔ)之上,歸納出現(xiàn)階段我國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村治理的治理困境及原因。第五部分是指出中國(guó)當(dāng)代鄉(xiāng)村治理的發(fā)展趨勢(shì),提出中國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村治理平穩(wěn)轉(zhuǎn)向現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的路徑選擇。第六部分是參考文獻(xiàn)和后記。
[Abstract]:Deng Xiaoping has repeatedly pointed out: "80% of China's population lives in rural areas, whether China is stable or not, first of all, depends on the stability of this 80%." The stable and healthy development of the countryside provides the most reliable guarantee for industrialization and the smooth development of urbanization. Since the beginning of the new century, many new problems have emerged in the vast rural areas of China, such as the decline of grass-roots governance capacity, the lack of public service products for farmers, the loss of farmers' interests, the lagging construction of rural infrastructure, and the increase of mass incidents among farmers, and so on. This result not only affects the basic stability of the rural society, but also endangers the smooth progress of China's modernization construction to a certain extent. The root cause of the problem is that the traditional model of rural governance does not meet the internal requirements of the development of modern social governance, and the transformation of the model of rural governance in China has long been imperative. At present, the research on rural governance in China is in the ascendant, with the participation of many disciplines, such as sociology, political science, anthropology and so on, and a large number of fruitful research results have emerged, most of which are from the perspective of their respective disciplines. Either to study specific problems, or to explore the system design, has a strong reality. Marxism is an important guide to China's modernization construction, Marx's modern social theory has its own rich connotation, but has not been fully excavated by us. Marx advocated the harmonious development of urban and rural areas and the integration of urban and rural areas, which still play an important guiding role in our rural governance today. This paper uses Marx's modern social theory as an analytical tool, stands at the height of historical materialism, and systematically examines the historical development and predicament of rural governance in China on the basis of reasonable absorption of previous research results, and analyzes its causes. It is believed that this exploration is of great practical and theoretical significance in promoting the construction of new countryside and building a harmonious society. The paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction, first of all, it clarifies the research background and the significance of choosing this topic, and systematically combs the relevant literature about the study of rural governance in China since the 20th century. Finally, the author makes a detailed explanation of the writing ideas and the structure of this paper. The second part introduces the basic viewpoints of Marx's modern social theory, and draws the enlightenment to the contemporary rural governance. The third part introduces the characteristics and historical evolution of rural governance in China. Starting with the definition of the word "rural governance", this paper defines the connotation and domain of rural governance in China. On this basis, it makes a systematic analysis of the historical evolution of rural governance in China's history. The fourth part discusses the opportunities faced by contemporary rural governance in China, and on the basis of absorbing and combining the relevant research results, summarizes the difficulties and reasons of governance in the emerging stage of rural governance in China. The fifth part is to point out the development trend of China's contemporary rural governance, and put forward the path choice of the smooth transition of China's rural governance to modern society. The sixth part is the reference and postscript.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：A811

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