【摘要】：中國是典型的農業(yè)大國，，農民占全國人口的絕大多數。因此，無論是在新民主主義革命還是在改革開放實踐中，如何解決農民問題就成為中國共產黨人面臨的一個重要問題。毛澤東與鄧小平的農民觀分別是毛澤東思想和鄧小平理論的重要組成部分，是馬克思主義農民問題理論在中國的運用和發(fā)展。以毛澤東為核心的中國共產黨第一代中央領導集體，在偉大的新民主主義革命實踐中，把對農民問題的解決作為中國革命一個突破口，提出了一系列農民觀點，形成了具有中國特色的毛澤東農民觀，從而為當代中國的一切發(fā)展和進步奠定了根本基礎。以鄧小平為核心的中國共產黨第二代中央領導集體，在偉大的改革開放實踐中，把對農民問題的解決作為中國現(xiàn)代化建設的一個突破口，以巨大的政治勇氣和理論勇氣，面對一系列新形勢和新任務，深刻認識到農民問題不僅是新民主主義革命成敗的關鍵，也是社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設成敗的關鍵，對于如何解決農民問題提出了一系列符合時代要求和中國國情的基本觀點，形成了具有中國特色的鄧小平農民觀，從而開創(chuàng)了建設中國特色社會主義事業(yè)的新局面。 比較毛澤東與東鄧小平的農民觀，認真梳理和總結中國共產黨兩代中央領導集體對解決農民問題的經驗與教訓，對于我們今天正確認識、處理改革開放和現(xiàn)代化進程中的農民問題，解決好以農民問題為核心的當代“三農”問題，順利建成社會主義和諧社會、社會主義新農村等目標，具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實意義、指導意義和實踐價值。
[Abstract]:China is a typical agricultural country, with farmers accounting for the vast majority of the country's population. Therefore, whether in the new democratic revolution or in the practice of reform and opening up, how to solve the problem of peasants has become an important problem faced by the Chinese Communists. Mao Zedong's and Deng Xiaoping's views on peasants are the important parts of Mao Zedong thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory respectively, and are the application and development of Marxist theory on peasants' problems in China. With Mao Zedong as the core, the first generation of central leadership collective of the Communist Party of China, in the great practice of the new democratic revolution, took the solution of the peasant problem as a breakthrough in the Chinese revolution and put forward a series of farmers' views. Mao Zedong's view of peasants with Chinese characteristics has been formed, thus laying the foundation for all development and progress of contemporary China. In the great practice of reform and opening-up, the second generation of central leadership collective of the Communist Party of China, with Deng Xiaoping as its core, regarded the solution of the peasant problem as a breakthrough in China's modernization drive, with enormous political courage and theoretical courage. In the face of a series of new situations and new tasks, we deeply realize that the peasant issue is not only the key to the success or failure of the new democratic revolution, but also the key to the success or failure of the socialist modernization drive. This paper puts forward a series of basic viewpoints on how to solve the problem of peasants in accordance with the requirements of the times and the national conditions of China, and forms Deng Xiaoping's view of peasants with Chinese characteristics, thus creating a new situation in the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics. By comparing Mao Zedong's views on peasants with those of Eastern Deng Xiaoping, we have carefully combed and summarized the experiences and lessons of the two generations of central leading groups of the Communist Party of China in solving the peasants' problems, and this is a correct understanding for us today. It is of great practical significance to deal with the problems of peasants in the process of reform, opening up and modernization, to solve the contemporary "three rural issues" with the peasants as the core, to successfully build a harmonious socialist society, and to build a new socialist countryside, and so on. Guiding significance and practical value.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：A841

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