【摘要】：社會形態(tài)理論是馬克思思想寶庫中很重要的一個部分,對它的剖析有助于更好地指導(dǎo)社會主義實踐,而馬克思晚年《人類學(xué)筆記》則是其中尤為重要的貢獻(xiàn)。《人類學(xué)筆記》深入研究了東方社會的歷史,并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了有異于他早期文獻(xiàn)中有關(guān)對社會解釋的社會形態(tài)理論,這使得如何理解東方社會,以及東方與西方文明是否遵循同一發(fā)展進(jìn)路等問題成為需要深入思考的課題。 當(dāng)前學(xué)術(shù)界對馬克思社會形態(tài)理論的三種不同的理解,從馬克思社會形態(tài)理論的文本出發(fā),是辨別何種理解更為合理的唯一方法。從《1844年經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)哲學(xué)手稿》中社會形態(tài)理論的原初發(fā)現(xiàn),到《1857—1858年經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)手稿》中社會形態(tài)理論的正式提出,再到《資本論》寫作時期的社會形態(tài)理論,馬克思對社會形態(tài)的認(rèn)識具有了完整的形式。然而《人類學(xué)筆記》對社會形態(tài)的新探索,卻發(fā)展出一種不同于以前的社會形態(tài)的思考進(jìn)路�！度祟悓W(xué)筆記》中馬克思從土地所有制入手,結(jié)合他所掌握的有關(guān)東方社會的歷史和現(xiàn)實的資料,對亞細(xì)亞生產(chǎn)方式進(jìn)行探討,對東方社會發(fā)展道路作出設(shè)想,提出了一些創(chuàng)造性的觀點,完善了東方社會發(fā)展理論,對社會形態(tài)的研究提供了新的選擇。通過晚年筆記中的社會形態(tài)理論與傳統(tǒng)的五形態(tài)理論的比較研究,能夠達(dá)到更加全面地對馬克思社會形態(tài)理論的認(rèn)識。 可以發(fā)現(xiàn),馬克思對社會形態(tài)的研究經(jīng)歷了從邏輯的方法到歷史的方法的轉(zhuǎn)變,從單一性到二重性社會形態(tài)的重大超越。通過對馬克思《人類學(xué)筆記》中的社會形態(tài)理論的分析,對照中國社會發(fā)展的實際,能夠證明馬克思社會形態(tài)理論具有重大的理論價值和現(xiàn)實意義。
[Abstract]:The theory of social formation is an important part of the treasure house of Marx's thought, and its analysis will help to better guide the socialist practice. Marx's Anthropology Notes was a particularly important contribution in his later years. The Anthropological Notes deeply studied the history of the oriental society, and on this basis put forward a theory of social formation different from that of his earlier literature on social interpretation. Therefore, how to understand the oriental society and whether the oriental and western civilizations follow the same path of development has become a question to be considered deeply. At present, three different understandings of Marx's social formation theory in academic circles are the only way to distinguish which understanding is more reasonable from the text of Marx's social formation theory. From the initial discovery of the theory of social formation in the manuscript of Economics and philosophy in 1844, to the formal presentation of the theory of social formation in the manuscript of Economics from 1857 to 1858, and to the theory of social formation in the writing period of Capital, Marx's understanding of social formation has a complete form. However, the new exploration of social formation in Anthropology has developed a new way of thinking which is different from that before. In Anthropology, Marx begins with land ownership. Based on the historical and realistic information he has about the oriental society, this paper probes into the production mode in Asia, conceives the way of the development of the oriental society, puts forward some creative viewpoints, and perfects the theory of the development of the oriental society. The study of social formation provides a new choice. Through the comparative study of the theory of social formation in the notes of old age and the traditional theory of five forms, we can get a more comprehensive understanding of Marx's theory of social formation. It can be found that Marx's research on social formation has experienced a transformation from the logical method to the historical method, and a great transcendence from the singularity to the duality of the social formation. By analyzing the theory of social formation in Marx's Anthropology Notes, we can prove that Marx's theory of social formation has great theoretical value and practical significance compared with the reality of Chinese social development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：A811;B03

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