發(fā)布時間：2018-04-29 10:12

  本文選題：革命 + 民主��； 參考：《社會科學(xué)》2015年12期

【摘要】：在恩格斯1895年完成《卡·馬克思〈1848年至1850年的法蘭西階級斗爭〉一書導(dǎo)言》之后,開始流行對馬克思革命理論的一種新解釋,即將馬克思的革命理論等同于民主,正如同在1848年革命高潮時期,不少人將馬克思的革命理論與暴力革命之間劃上等號�？梢哉f,這兩種對馬克思革命理論的理解都是存在偏差的,其忽略了馬克思的革命歷史邏輯,即將革命作為全部理論的關(guān)鍵詞,民主亦或暴力都是通過革命被賦予內(nèi)涵的。隨著革命形勢的變遷以及國別的差異,民主和暴力交替成為無產(chǎn)階級政治革命的路徑選擇。60年代之后,民主開始被重新考慮并被置于同暴力相等的地位,改變了革命高潮時期被掩蓋的狀態(tài)。隨后,甚至在德國和法國等一貫認(rèn)為暴力革命不可避免的大陸國家,也出現(xiàn)了由暴力向民主的轉(zhuǎn)向。但是,民主對于暴力的替代傾向并不是否認(rèn)革命的歷史邏輯,革命作為關(guān)鍵詞始終被馬克思所堅持,民主只有在革命的框架之中才能被賦予內(nèi)涵,這對于暴力而言同樣適用。基于此,民主的強(qiáng)化亦或暴力的弱化,就不會顯得突兀和不可理解,也不會帶來誤解和曲解。
[Abstract]:After Engels completed the introduction of Karl Marx's French Class struggle from 1848 to 1850 in 1895, a new interpretation of Marx's revolutionary theory began to be popular, that is, Marx's revolutionary theory was equated with democracy. Just as at the height of the 1848 revolution, many equated Marx's revolutionary theory with violent revolution. It can be said that these two kinds of understanding of Marx's revolutionary theory have deviations, which ignore Marx's revolutionary historical logic, that is, revolution is the key word of all theories, democracy or violence is endowed with connotation through revolution. With the evolution of the revolutionary situation and the differences between countries, democracy and violence alternated into the path of the proletarian political revolution. After the 1960s, democracy began to be reconsidered and placed on an equal footing with violence. Changed the state of being covered up at the height of the revolution. Then, even in continental countries, such as Germany and France, where violent revolutions have always been inevitable, there has been a shift from violence to democracy. However, the alternative tendency of democracy to violence is not to deny the historical logic of revolution. Revolution as a key word has always been upheld by Marx. Democracy can only be endowed with connotation in the framework of revolution, which is also applicable to violence. Based on this, the strengthening of democracy or the weakening of violence will not appear abrupt and incomprehensible, will not lead to misunderstanding and misinterpretation.
【作者單位】： 上海社會科學(xué)院中國馬克思主義研究所;
【分類號】：A811;D02

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