本文關(guān)鍵詞： 馬克思 正義觀 社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì) 基石　出處：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 實(shí)現(xiàn)正義是人們一直孜孜以求的價(jià)值目標(biāo),是人類永恒的崇高理想和最高價(jià)值,在人們不斷追求正義的過程中,形成了各種不同的正義觀。柏拉圖、亞里士多德、康德、黑格爾等的正義觀建立在唯心史觀基礎(chǔ)之上,馬克思的正義觀是對(duì)西方法哲學(xué)思想的繼承和發(fā)展,它以科學(xué)的唯物史觀為基礎(chǔ),批判地吸收了自然法學(xué)派和德國近代哲理法學(xué)派的若干重要觀點(diǎn),并與工人階級(jí)的革命斗爭實(shí)踐緊密結(jié)合,從人的社會(huì)本質(zhì)或社會(huì)化的人出發(fā)來研究社會(huì)歷史和正義道德問題,從而形成了科學(xué)的正義觀。 馬克思正義觀的基本內(nèi)容主要表現(xiàn)為價(jià)值正義和制度正義兩部分。馬克思的價(jià)值正義是建立在歷史唯物主義的基礎(chǔ)之上;是一個(gè)歷史范疇,隨著歷史的發(fā)展而不斷改變,在階級(jí)社會(huì)里,具有鮮明的階級(jí)性。馬克思的制度正義具體表現(xiàn)在經(jīng)濟(jì)制度正義、政治制度正義和文化制度正義三個(gè)方面。其中,經(jīng)濟(jì)制度正義又集中地表現(xiàn)為生產(chǎn)正義、交換正義、分配正義和消費(fèi)正義四個(gè)方面。馬克思的正義觀與那種抽象的正義觀根本不同,它具有革命性、批判性和科學(xué)性的特點(diǎn)。其科學(xué)性具體表現(xiàn)在正義是絕對(duì)性與相對(duì)性的統(tǒng)一、實(shí)質(zhì)正義與形式正義的統(tǒng)一、個(gè)人利益與社會(huì)利益的統(tǒng)一、人道主義與自然主義的統(tǒng)一、理想性與現(xiàn)實(shí)性的統(tǒng)一五個(gè)方面。馬克思正義觀的實(shí)質(zhì)就在于對(duì)一定社會(huì)生產(chǎn)方式要求的適應(yīng),從而最終真正實(shí)現(xiàn)人的平等與自由。 馬克思的正義觀對(duì)當(dāng)代正義思想,如中國的鄧小平、江澤民、胡錦濤,西方的沃德、布坎南、羅爾斯等都產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。和諧社會(huì)的本質(zhì)就是一個(gè)正義的社會(huì),馬克思的正義觀對(duì)建構(gòu)中國特色社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)正義觀的理論體系具有重要的世界觀和方法論意義,是構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)的基石。
[Abstract]:The realization of justice is the value goal that people have been striving for all the time. It is the eternal lofty ideal and highest value of mankind. In the process of people pursuing justice continuously, various kinds of justice views have been formed. Plato, Aristotle, Kant, Hegel's view of justice is based on the idealistic view of history, and Marx's view of justice is the inheritance and development of western philosophy of law, which is based on scientific historical materialism. It critically absorbs some important viewpoints of the School of Natural Law and the School of Modern German philosophy and Law, and closely combines with the revolutionary struggle practice of the working class to study social history and justice and morality from the point of view of the nature of human society or the socialized person. Thus formed a scientific view of justice. The basic content of Marx's view of justice is mainly manifested in two parts: value justice and system justice. Marx's value justice is based on historical materialism, and it is a historical category, which is constantly changing with the development of history. In class society, there is a distinct class nature. Marx's system justice is embodied in three aspects: economic institutional justice, political institutional justice and cultural institutional justice. Exchange justice, distributive justice and consumer justice. Marx's view of justice is fundamentally different from that of the abstract view of justice. It is revolutionary. The scientific nature of justice is the unity of absoluteness and relativity, the unity of substantive justice and formal justice, the unity of personal interests and social interests, and the unity of humanitarianism and naturalism. The essence of Marx's view of justice lies in the adaptation to the requirements of a certain social mode of production so as to finally realize the equality and freedom of human beings. Marx's view of justice has exerted a profound influence on contemporary justice thoughts, such as Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao, Ward, Buchanan and Rawls of the West. The essence of a harmonious society is a just society. Marx's view of justice has important world outlook and methodology significance for constructing the theory system of socialist harmonious society with Chinese characteristics. It is the foundation stone of constructing socialist harmonious society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：A811;B03

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

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本文編號(hào)：1498750