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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：列寧民主思想研究　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2010年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 列寧 民主思想 研究 無產(chǎn)階級專政 民主集中制 黨內(nèi)民主

【摘要】：本論文以列寧的民主思想為研究對象。列寧民主思想的產(chǎn)生既有帝國主義和無產(chǎn)階級革命時代的時代條件,又有作為帝國主義矛盾焦點的專制主義的俄國的具體國內(nèi)環(huán)境,既有馬克思主義在俄國的傳播的一般理論條件,又有列寧兼為革命家和理論家的個人條件。列寧民主思想的理論基礎(chǔ)是馬克思主義特別是其民主理論。 列寧的民主思想既有確定的內(nèi)容和特點,又有在把馬克思恩格斯的民主理論與俄國革命實踐相結(jié)合中產(chǎn)生、成熟和深入發(fā)展的過程。首先,論文分四個方面闡述了列寧的民主觀。一是列寧對民主概念的科學(xué)界定,闡述了馬克思主義的唯物主義歷史觀和階級斗爭理論是列寧考察分析民主問題的方法論；二是列寧對民主本質(zhì)的科學(xué)揭示,主要從國家形態(tài)的民主和非國家形態(tài)的民主兩個層次上闡述了列寧對民主的把握,列寧民主思想主要是指他關(guān)于國家形態(tài)的民主的觀點和理論；三是列寧對民主特點的科學(xué)闡述；四是列寧對民主的辨證發(fā)展過程的論述(列寧對資產(chǎn)階級民主的分析批判和無產(chǎn)階級對資產(chǎn)階級民主的批判繼承)。其次,論文闡述了列寧民主思想的精神實質(zhì)——關(guān)于人民民主的思想。人民民主最早由資產(chǎn)階級啟蒙思想家提出,由于資產(chǎn)階級民主的狹隘性和局限性而只能在無產(chǎn)階級民主中真正得到實現(xiàn)。列寧的民主思想,始終是著眼于無產(chǎn)階級的解放、社會解放和人類解放的,總是從這樣的高度來闡述人民民主(通過無產(chǎn)階級民主的形式得到實現(xiàn))的基本原則、實現(xiàn)途徑和形式、最終目標(biāo)。在列寧的思想上,人民當(dāng)家作主是人民民主、社會主義民主的實質(zhì)和核心。再次,論文集中闡述了列寧關(guān)于社會主義民主的思想。一是列寧關(guān)于無產(chǎn)階級民主(無產(chǎn)階級專政)的歷史必然性、本質(zhì)特點、無產(chǎn)階級專政體系的思想；二是列寧關(guān)于無產(chǎn)階級專政的俄國形式——蘇維埃民主制的思想,對蘇維埃民主制作為新型民主和新型專政的統(tǒng)一的本質(zhì)特點作了論述；三是闡述了列寧在十月革命后對社會主義民主的具體實現(xiàn)形式的寶貴探索。 在對列寧關(guān)于國家形態(tài)的民主思想作了論述的基礎(chǔ)上,論文還對列寧關(guān)于非國家形態(tài)的民主思想作了闡述,非國家形態(tài)的民主表現(xiàn)在多個領(lǐng)域,主要與特定主體的民主權(quán)利有關(guān)。論文選擇了列寧關(guān)于黨內(nèi)民主的思想作了重點論述。論文對這兩個方面都梳理了它們產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展的過程,并且具體闡述了它們各自的實質(zhì)和基本原則。論文還對民主集中制在具體管理中的運用作了說明。 論文的最后部分闡述了列寧民主思想的科學(xué)價值和當(dāng)代實踐意義。
[Abstract]:This thesis takes Lenin's democratic thought as the research object. Lenin's democratic thought has the times condition of the era of imperialism and proletarian revolution. There is also the specific domestic environment of autocracy, which is the focus of imperialist contradictions, and the general theoretical conditions for the spread of Marxism in Russia. Lenin's democratic thought is based on Marxism, especially its democratic theory. Lenin's democratic thought not only has definite content and characteristics, but also has the process of combining Marx and Engels' democratic theory with Russian revolutionary practice. This paper expounds Lenin's concept of democracy in four aspects. The first is Lenin's scientific definition of the concept of democracy. It is expounded that Marxist historical materialism and class struggle theory are the methodology of Lenin's investigation and analysis of democratic issues. Second, Lenin's scientific revelation of the essence of democracy, mainly from the national form of democracy and non-state form of democracy two levels of Lenin's grasp of democracy. Lenin's democratic thought mainly refers to his viewpoint and theory about democracy in the form of state. Third, Lenin's scientific exposition on the characteristics of democracy; Fourth, Lenin's exposition on the dialectical development of democracy (Lenin's analysis and criticism of bourgeois democracy and the proletariat's criticism of bourgeois democracy). Secondly. The paper expounds the spiritual essence of Lenin's democratic thought-the thought of people's democracy, which was first put forward by bourgeois enlightenment thinkers. Because of the parochialism and limitation of bourgeois democracy, it can only be realized in proletarian democracy. Lenin's democratic thought is always focused on the liberation of proletariat, social liberation and human liberation. It is always from this height that the basic principles of people's democracy (realized through the form of proletarian democracy), the ways and forms of realization, and the ultimate goal, are expounded in Lenin's mind. The people as masters are the essence and core of people's democracy and socialist democracy. The thesis focuses on Lenin's thoughts on socialist democracy. First, Lenin's thoughts on the historical inevitability, essential characteristics and proletarian dictatorship system of proletarian democracy (proletarian dictatorship); Second, Lenin's thought about the Russian form of proletarian dictatorship-Soviet democracy, discusses the essential characteristics of Soviet democracy as a new type of democracy and a unity of new dictatorship; Third, it expounds Lenin's valuable exploration of the concrete realization form of socialist democracy after the October Revolution. On the basis of the discussion of Lenin's democratic thought on the state form, the paper also expounds Lenin's democratic thought on the non-state form, which is manifested in many fields. It is mainly related to the democratic rights of specific subjects. The thesis chooses Lenin's thought of inner-party democracy to make a key exposition. The thesis combs the process of their production and development in both aspects. The paper also explains the application of democratic centralism in concrete management. The last part of the paper expounds the scientific value and contemporary practical significance of Lenin's democratic thought.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：A821.6

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