西夏特色兵器的研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-31 15:24
【摘要】：本文以西夏文、漢文文獻為主,結(jié)合考古文物資料及當前研究狀況,擬對西夏兵器的種類、制作的材料、規(guī)格、方法以及兵器的校驗等問題做盡可能全面的分析探討,以期對西夏兵器能有一個比較準確的認識。 通過本文分析,我們可以對西夏特有兵器以下幾點認識: 第一,西夏的兵器以冷兵器為主,火器還很少使用,而同時代的宋朝卻開始比較普遍地使用火器。有些兵器如火蒺藜等,西夏是從宋朝借鑒并發(fā)展來的。有些兵器如夏國劍等,是西夏黨項民族自己制造的,富有民族特色。與同時代的并立政權(quán)相比,西夏特有兵器如神臂弓、夏人劍、旋風炮、瘊子甲等,在當時卻居于領(lǐng)先地位。夏人制造的神臂弓傳人宋朝,又傳人元、明兩朝,在戰(zhàn)場上廣為使用,在中國兵器史上寫下了輝煌的一頁。 第二,西夏的兵器制作由鐵工院、木工院等政府部門負責,各類兵器有專門的工匠負責制造。同時,西夏存在私人制造及買賣兵器的現(xiàn)象,國家對這一現(xiàn)象是認可的,但對私營兵器實行嚴密的監(jiān)控。軍器的配備具有十分明顯的等級性。 第三、西夏武術(shù)特有兵器的發(fā)展絕不是一個偶然的現(xiàn)象,而是與其所存在的社會環(huán)境息息相關(guān)。眾多社會因素的綜合影響之下,才產(chǎn)生了西夏兵器的輝煌。在眾多影響因素中,人文地理因素是一個基礎(chǔ)條件。商業(yè)貿(mào)易的發(fā)展在這一時期成為西夏兵器發(fā)展的最大驅(qū)動力。正是由于有了這種社會的推動力量,在西夏統(tǒng)治區(qū)域特有兵器才得以蓬勃發(fā)展。 第四、西夏特色兵器的發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了一個從無到有、由簡趨精的過程,最終在中國兵器史上亦留下了輝煌的一頁。西夏特色兵器提高了西夏軍隊的戰(zhàn)斗力,在西夏對外作戰(zhàn)中發(fā)揮了巨大的作用,而且也傳入了中原地區(qū),對中原王朝產(chǎn)生了廣泛而深遠的影響,在中國兵器史上寫下了輝煌的一頁。同時,由于各國兵器的互相借鑒與交流,也加強了西夏與中原王朝之間經(jīng)濟和文化的交流,促進了當時各民族間互通有無以及相互融合,為促進祖國西北地區(qū)的發(fā)展作出了一定的貢獻。 由此,筆者得出結(jié)論西夏的特色兵器取得了極大的發(fā)展,以弩、炮等遠射武器的發(fā)展尤為突出。不但在以前基礎(chǔ)上進行許多改良,而且發(fā)明了許多威力巨大的新兵器。就整體而言,西夏特色兵器較之宋、遼、金的武術(shù)兵器先進。
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on the Xixia and Chinese literature, combined with the archaeological cultural relics and the current research situation, this paper intends to make as comprehensive analysis and discussion as possible on the types, materials, specifications, methods and calibration of the weapons of the Xixia, as well as other issues, such as the types, materials, specifications, methods and calibration of the weapons, etc. In order to have a more accurate understanding of the Xixia weapons. Through the analysis of this paper, we can understand the following points: first, the weapon of Xixia is mainly cold weapon, the firearm is still rarely used, but the contemporary Song Dynasty began to use firearms more commonly. Some weapons such as fire bristles, Xixia is from the Song Dynasty and developed. Some weapons, such as Xia Guojian, are made by the Xixia Party and are full of national characteristics. Compared with the concurrent regime of the same era, Xixia special weapons such as Divine arm bow, Xia Ren sword, Tornado, warts, etc., were in the leading position at that time. Xia people made the divine arm bow passed on the Song Dynasty, and the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, widely used in the battlefield, in the history of Chinese weapons wrote a brilliant page. Second, the Xixia weapons production by the iron works college, wood works and other government departments, all kinds of weapons are specialized craftsmen responsible for the manufacture. At the same time, the phenomenon of private manufacture and trade in weapons exists in Xixia, which is recognized by the state, but the private weapons are closely monitored. The equipping of military weapons is of a very obvious rank. Thirdly, the development of special weapon in Xixia martial arts is not an accidental phenomenon, but is closely related to its social environment. Under the comprehensive influence of many social factors, the brilliance of the Xixia weapon came into being. Among the many influencing factors, the human geography factor is a basic condition. The development of commercial trade in this period has become the biggest driving force of the development of Xixia weapons. It was because of this social impetus that the unique weapons of the Western Xia region flourished. Fourth, the development of Xixia characteristic weapons experienced a process from nothing to existence and refined by Jane, and finally left a brilliant page in the history of Chinese weapons. The Xixia characteristic weapon improved the combat effectiveness of the Xixia army, played a huge role in the foreign operations in the Xixia, and also spread to the Central Plains, which had a wide and far-reaching impact on the Central Plains Dynasty. A brilliant page has been written in the history of Chinese weapons. At the same time, as a result of the mutual use and exchange of weapons from various countries, the economic and cultural exchanges between the Western Xia Dynasty and the Central Plains Dynasty were also strengthened, and the exchange and integration of the various nationalities at that time were promoted. It has made certain contributions to promote the development of the northwest region of the motherland. Therefore, the author draws the conclusion that the characteristic weapon of Xixia has made great development, especially the development of long-range fire weapon such as crossbow and cannon. Not only have many improvements been made on the basis of the past, but many powerful new weapons have been invented. As a whole, the Xixia characteristic weapon compares Song Dynasty, Liao Dynasty, Jin martial arts weapon is advanced.
【學位授予單位】：西北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K875.8
本文編號：2451036
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on the Xixia and Chinese literature, combined with the archaeological cultural relics and the current research situation, this paper intends to make as comprehensive analysis and discussion as possible on the types, materials, specifications, methods and calibration of the weapons of the Xixia, as well as other issues, such as the types, materials, specifications, methods and calibration of the weapons, etc. In order to have a more accurate understanding of the Xixia weapons. Through the analysis of this paper, we can understand the following points: first, the weapon of Xixia is mainly cold weapon, the firearm is still rarely used, but the contemporary Song Dynasty began to use firearms more commonly. Some weapons such as fire bristles, Xixia is from the Song Dynasty and developed. Some weapons, such as Xia Guojian, are made by the Xixia Party and are full of national characteristics. Compared with the concurrent regime of the same era, Xixia special weapons such as Divine arm bow, Xia Ren sword, Tornado, warts, etc., were in the leading position at that time. Xia people made the divine arm bow passed on the Song Dynasty, and the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, widely used in the battlefield, in the history of Chinese weapons wrote a brilliant page. Second, the Xixia weapons production by the iron works college, wood works and other government departments, all kinds of weapons are specialized craftsmen responsible for the manufacture. At the same time, the phenomenon of private manufacture and trade in weapons exists in Xixia, which is recognized by the state, but the private weapons are closely monitored. The equipping of military weapons is of a very obvious rank. Thirdly, the development of special weapon in Xixia martial arts is not an accidental phenomenon, but is closely related to its social environment. Under the comprehensive influence of many social factors, the brilliance of the Xixia weapon came into being. Among the many influencing factors, the human geography factor is a basic condition. The development of commercial trade in this period has become the biggest driving force of the development of Xixia weapons. It was because of this social impetus that the unique weapons of the Western Xia region flourished. Fourth, the development of Xixia characteristic weapons experienced a process from nothing to existence and refined by Jane, and finally left a brilliant page in the history of Chinese weapons. The Xixia characteristic weapon improved the combat effectiveness of the Xixia army, played a huge role in the foreign operations in the Xixia, and also spread to the Central Plains, which had a wide and far-reaching impact on the Central Plains Dynasty. A brilliant page has been written in the history of Chinese weapons. At the same time, as a result of the mutual use and exchange of weapons from various countries, the economic and cultural exchanges between the Western Xia Dynasty and the Central Plains Dynasty were also strengthened, and the exchange and integration of the various nationalities at that time were promoted. It has made certain contributions to promote the development of the northwest region of the motherland. Therefore, the author draws the conclusion that the characteristic weapon of Xixia has made great development, especially the development of long-range fire weapon such as crossbow and cannon. Not only have many improvements been made on the basis of the past, but many powerful new weapons have been invented. As a whole, the Xixia characteristic weapon compares Song Dynasty, Liao Dynasty, Jin martial arts weapon is advanced.
【學位授予單位】：西北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K875.8
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