本文關(guān)鍵詞： 漢墓 硯 類型分析 區(qū)域性研究　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：硯是漢代墓葬中一種特殊的隨葬品,全國(guó)各地的漢墓和遺址中均有硯的出土。本文收錄了新中國(guó)以來考古出土的二百余方漢硯資料,對(duì)其進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)性的研究。本文第一章對(duì)選題意義和研究方法進(jìn)行闡述,并對(duì)硯的出土情況和研究現(xiàn)狀加以回顧,說明目前對(duì)漢硯的研究較為寬泛,但從考古類型學(xué)的角度進(jìn)行研究相對(duì)薄弱。第二章通過類型學(xué)對(duì)收錄的漢硯進(jìn)行研究,并結(jié)合墓葬形制、與硯共存的陶器組合、銅錢和銅鏡的特征對(duì)其出現(xiàn)時(shí)間和流行年代進(jìn)行推斷,確定各類硯的流行時(shí)間,顯示出漢硯類型多樣的特點(diǎn)。第三章對(duì)硯進(jìn)行分區(qū)探討,對(duì)不同地區(qū)流行的硯式進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)性的梳理,并根據(jù)硯的特征來分析各地區(qū)的文化背景和相互影響；第四章對(duì)硯在漢代的功能進(jìn)行分析,得出了漢硯具有文書工具的功能,同時(shí)也具有化妝功能的結(jié)論。硯在漢代具有“一物多用”的功能屬性,到了東漢中期其專屬功能開始出現(xiàn),東漢末期,硯完成了其功能的蛻變,由“一物多用”的“研”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷Ｂ殨鴮懙摹俺帯�。在本章�?對(duì)不同材質(zhì)的漢硯的裝飾技法進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)述；異形硯是漢硯中的奇葩,其材質(zhì)的選取、構(gòu)造和裝飾設(shè)計(jì)充分體現(xiàn)了當(dāng)時(shí)漢硯制作技藝的精湛,并且對(duì)后世影響深遠(yuǎn)。結(jié)語部分,通過對(duì)全文的概括,進(jìn)一步闡述本文的觀點(diǎn)：漢文化的特征是統(tǒng)一多樣性,硯出現(xiàn)在全國(guó)的墓葬中,且這類墓葬的形制和等級(jí)在同一歷史時(shí)期的不同地域基本相近,這是漢文化的統(tǒng)一性,而各種類型的漢硯和異形硯則是其多樣性的表現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Inkstone is a special burial object in the tombs of Han Dynasty. There are more than 200 materials of Fang Han inkstone unearthed in Han tombs and ruins all over the country. In the first chapter, the significance of the topic and the research methods are expounded, and the unearthed situation and current research situation of the inkstone are reviewed, which shows that the present research on Han inkstone is relatively broad. However, the study from the perspective of archaeological typology is relatively weak. The second chapter studies the Han inkstone collected by typology, and combines the tomb form with the combination of pottery and inkstone. The features of copper-Qian and copper-mirror infer the time and age of their emergence, determine the popular time of each kind of inkstone, and show the characteristics of various types of Han inkstone. Systematically combing the popular inkstone in different areas, and analyzing the cultural background and mutual influence of each region according to the characteristics of the inkstone. Chapter 4th analyzes the function of the inkstone in the Han Dynasty, and concludes that the Han inkstone has the function of the writing tool. At the same time, it also has the function of makeup. In the Han Dynasty, the inkstone had the function attribute of "one thing with multiple uses", and its exclusive function began to appear in the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty. In the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the inkstone completed the transformation of its function. In this chapter, the decorative techniques of Han inkstone with different materials are briefly described. The structure and decoration design fully reflected the consummate craftsmanship of Han inkstone production at that time, and had a profound influence on later generations. Conclusion part, through the summary of the full text, further elaborated the viewpoint of this article: the characteristic of Han culture is unity and diversity, Inkstone appears in the tombs of the whole country, and the shape and grade of this kind of tombs are basically similar in different regions of the same historical period, which is the unity of the Han culture, while the diversity of the various types of Han inkstones and special-shaped inkstones is the manifestation of their diversity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K878.8

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