二戰(zhàn)后東歐國家社會發(fā)展模式的變遷
發(fā)布時間：2019-07-10 11:40
【摘要】：談到東歐,人們的第一反應(yīng)也許就是發(fā)生在上世紀90年代末的東歐劇變。這是一場名副其實的世界政治大地震,震垮了蘇聯(lián)東歐社會主義體系。原蘇東地區(qū)的所有國家開始踏上了由蘇聯(lián)模式向西方模式的轉(zhuǎn)軌之路。東歐國家天真地以為只要破除蘇聯(lián)模式這個給他們帶來一切痛苦的罪魁禍首,選擇適合東歐政治、經(jīng)濟和文化的西方模式,所有的問題都可以迎刃而解了。其實事情遠沒有這么簡單。轉(zhuǎn)軌的確為緩解東歐各國的政治、經(jīng)濟和社會矛盾帶來了一定的幫助,但不能否認的是,轉(zhuǎn)軌的過程中仍存在著諸多的問題。面對兩種社會發(fā)展模式給東歐帶來的各自問題時,探究引發(fā)這些問題的深層次的共同原因就顯得尤為重要了。 本文除前言部分共分四大部分。第一部分分析了東歐二戰(zhàn)前的發(fā)展狀況、選擇蘇聯(lián)模式的原因,以及蘇聯(lián)模式對東歐的消極影響和由此產(chǎn)生的危機與改革。第二部分主要敘述的是東歐劇變由此啟動了東歐回歸歐洲的旅程,其中分析了東歐對西方模式情有獨鐘的原因,從政治、經(jīng)濟、外交和思想四個方面向西方靠攏。第三部分對東歐國家轉(zhuǎn)軌以來的現(xiàn)狀、存在的問題和產(chǎn)生問題的原因進行了論述。第四部分是本文的重點,所有之前對二戰(zhàn)后東歐歷史事件的梳理都是為了得出兩種發(fā)展模式在東歐的實行給人們的共通啟示,給出解決東歐未來發(fā)展道路上可能存在的問題的一些積極應(yīng)對之策。
[Abstract]:When it comes to Eastern Europe, the first reaction may have been the upheaval in Eastern Europe in the late 1990 s. It was a truly world political earthquake that devastated the Soviet Union's eastern European socialist system. All the countries in the former Soviet Union began to embark on the transition from the Soviet model to the western model. Eastern European countries naively think that as long as they break the Soviet model, the culprit that has caused them all the pain, and choose the Western model suitable for Eastern European politics, economy and culture, all the problems can be solved. In fact, things are far from that simple. The transition has indeed brought some help to alleviate the political, economic and social contradictions in Eastern European countries, but it can not be denied that there are still many problems in the process of transition. In the face of the respective problems brought by the two social development models to Eastern Europe, it is particularly important to explore the deep common causes of these problems. In addition to the preface, this paper is divided into four parts. The first part analyzes the development of Eastern Europe before World War II, the reasons for the choice of Soviet model, as well as the negative impact of Soviet model on Eastern Europe and the resulting crisis and reform. The second part mainly describes the upheaval of Eastern Europe, which initiated the journey of Eastern Europe back to Europe, in which it analyzes the reasons why Eastern Europe has a special preference for the western model, and draws closer to the West from four aspects: politics, economy, diplomacy and thought. The third part discusses the present situation, existing problems and causes of problems in Eastern European countries since the transition. The fourth part is the focus of this paper. All the previous combing of the historical events in Eastern Europe after World War II is to get the common enlightenment of the implementation of the two development models in Eastern Europe, and to give some positive countermeasures to solve the possible problems in the future development of Eastern Europe.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D751
本文編號：2512578
[Abstract]:When it comes to Eastern Europe, the first reaction may have been the upheaval in Eastern Europe in the late 1990 s. It was a truly world political earthquake that devastated the Soviet Union's eastern European socialist system. All the countries in the former Soviet Union began to embark on the transition from the Soviet model to the western model. Eastern European countries naively think that as long as they break the Soviet model, the culprit that has caused them all the pain, and choose the Western model suitable for Eastern European politics, economy and culture, all the problems can be solved. In fact, things are far from that simple. The transition has indeed brought some help to alleviate the political, economic and social contradictions in Eastern European countries, but it can not be denied that there are still many problems in the process of transition. In the face of the respective problems brought by the two social development models to Eastern Europe, it is particularly important to explore the deep common causes of these problems. In addition to the preface, this paper is divided into four parts. The first part analyzes the development of Eastern Europe before World War II, the reasons for the choice of Soviet model, as well as the negative impact of Soviet model on Eastern Europe and the resulting crisis and reform. The second part mainly describes the upheaval of Eastern Europe, which initiated the journey of Eastern Europe back to Europe, in which it analyzes the reasons why Eastern Europe has a special preference for the western model, and draws closer to the West from four aspects: politics, economy, diplomacy and thought. The third part discusses the present situation, existing problems and causes of problems in Eastern European countries since the transition. The fourth part is the focus of this paper. All the previous combing of the historical events in Eastern Europe after World War II is to get the common enlightenment of the implementation of the two development models in Eastern Europe, and to give some positive countermeasures to solve the possible problems in the future development of Eastern Europe.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D751
【引證文獻】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 胡文魁;政治過程理論視角下波匈捷三國冷戰(zhàn)時期社會運動比較分析[D];華中師范大學(xué);2015年
，本文編號：2512578
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