【摘要】：財(cái)產(chǎn)申報(bào)制度作為行之有效的反腐措施為許多國(guó)家和地區(qū)所采用,且被喻為“陽(yáng)光法案”。其目的都是為了約束政府公職人員的行為、防止腐敗、增強(qiáng)政府的公信力等。財(cái)產(chǎn)申報(bào)制度,就是一系列有關(guān)財(cái)產(chǎn)申報(bào)登記的有效規(guī)范。主要是指法定范圍內(nèi)的公職人員按照法定時(shí)間和方式對(duì)個(gè)人及一定范圍內(nèi)的家庭成員擁有的財(cái)產(chǎn)(包括有形和無(wú)形財(cái)產(chǎn))數(shù)量、來(lái)源、支配情況及其變化向特定機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行申報(bào),并由特定機(jī)構(gòu)依法進(jìn)行審查和公布,接受公眾監(jiān)督,以證明自己擔(dān)任公職期間所有經(jīng)濟(jì)收入合法的一項(xiàng)政治制度。如果公職人員的財(cái)產(chǎn)狀況明顯超出其職務(wù)收入狀況而無(wú)從解釋其原因,將受到行政處分或法律制裁。美國(guó)的財(cái)產(chǎn)申報(bào)制度被公認(rèn)為是世界上比較完備的反腐制度,1978年開(kāi)始實(shí)施,它規(guī)定上至總統(tǒng),下至普通官員,都必須按時(shí)如實(shí)填寫(xiě)財(cái)產(chǎn)申報(bào)表格,由聯(lián)邦道德署負(fù)責(zé)收存,并接受公眾查詢(xún)和監(jiān)督。除此之外,美國(guó)的財(cái)產(chǎn)申報(bào)制度對(duì)許多國(guó)家產(chǎn)生了重要的影響。 本文主要由六章內(nèi)容構(gòu)成：第一章是緒論；第二章是財(cái)產(chǎn)申報(bào)制度概述,這一章主要闡明財(cái)產(chǎn)申報(bào)制度的起源、概念、構(gòu)成與理論基礎(chǔ)、功能等基本問(wèn)題；第三章主要介紹美國(guó)官員財(cái)產(chǎn)申報(bào)制度形成的過(guò)程、構(gòu)建的條件以及阻力因素；第四章是本文的核心部分,從申報(bào)人員、申報(bào)內(nèi)容、申報(bào)時(shí)間、申報(bào)的受理機(jī)構(gòu)、申報(bào)的形式以及申報(bào)的審查六個(gè)方面詳細(xì)介紹了美國(guó)官員財(cái)產(chǎn)申報(bào)制度的內(nèi)容；第五章是重點(diǎn),主要根據(jù)第四章對(duì)美國(guó)官員財(cái)產(chǎn)申報(bào)制度內(nèi)容的介紹,分析了美國(guó)官員財(cái)產(chǎn)申報(bào)制度的特點(diǎn)、作用以及存在的問(wèn)題；第六章是本論文的結(jié)尾,根據(jù)前幾章對(duì)美國(guó)官員財(cái)產(chǎn)申報(bào)制度的分析,得出了對(duì)完善我國(guó)財(cái)產(chǎn)申報(bào)制度立法有啟示性的建議和結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:As an effective anti-corruption measure, property declaration system has been adopted by many countries and regions. Its purpose is to restrain the behavior of government officials, prevent corruption and enhance the credibility of the government. Property declaration system is a series of effective norms about property declaration and registration. Mainly refers to the number, source, disposition and changes of property (including tangible and intangible property) owned by public officials within the statutory scope to a specific institution in accordance with the time and manner prescribed by law to individuals and family members within a certain range, And a political system in which specific agencies review and publish in accordance with the law and are subject to public supervision in order to prove the legitimacy of all economic income during their public service. If the property of a public official is clearly in excess of his or her official income and cannot be explained, he or she will be subject to administrative sanctions or legal sanctions. The property declaration system in the United States has been recognized as a relatively complete anti-corruption system in the world. It has been implemented since 1978. It stipulates that up to the president and down to ordinary officials, the property declaration form must be filled out truthfully on time, and the Federal Ethics Agency is responsible for receiving and storing it. And accept public inquiry and supervision. In addition, the property declaration system in the United States has had an important impact on many countries. This paper consists of six chapters: the first chapter is an introduction, the second chapter is an overview of the property declaration system, this chapter mainly expounds the origin, concept, composition, theoretical basis, function and other basic issues of the property declaration system. The third chapter mainly introduces the formation process, the conditions of construction and the resistance factors of the property declaration system of American officials. Chapter four is the core part of this paper, from the declaration personnel, the declaration content, the declaration time, the declaration acceptance organization, the fourth chapter is the core part of this paper. The form of the declaration and the six aspects of the review of the declaration introduce in detail the contents of the property declaration system of US officials; the fifth chapter focuses on the introduction of the contents of the property declaration system of the US officials mainly according to Chapter IV. This paper analyzes the characteristics, functions and existing problems of the property declaration system of American officials. The sixth chapter is the end of this paper, according to the previous chapters of the analysis of the property declaration system of American officials, Some suggestions and conclusions are drawn to perfect the legislation of property declaration system in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D771.2

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