發(fā)布時間：2018-06-01 17:44

  本文選題：非洲發(fā)展 + 殖民主義遺產(chǎn)��； 參考：《世界經(jīng)濟(jì)與政治》2013年09期

【摘要】：關(guān)于非洲發(fā)展問題,國際學(xué)術(shù)界有兩種觀點(diǎn):內(nèi)因論和外因論。內(nèi)因論認(rèn)為,非洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人要對自己國家的情況負(fù)主要責(zé)任,不要?dú)w咎于殖民主義和西方壓迫。而與之相對的外因論則把非洲描繪成一個西方列強(qiáng)和其他外部力量壓迫和陰謀的受害者。但是,由于金融危機(jī)暴露出的西方金融系統(tǒng)腐敗和中國崛起等因素,內(nèi)因論和外因論的依據(jù)已經(jīng)變得站不住腳。一方面,當(dāng)前國際金融危機(jī)導(dǎo)致了非洲的經(jīng)濟(jì)困境,而這種困境并非由于非洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人所致。事實(shí)上,由于國際金融危機(jī),以前的非洲殖民大國正在通過培養(yǎng)親西方的非洲國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人來追求其在非洲的戰(zhàn)略利益,西方列強(qiáng)不會放棄對非洲的控制。另一方面,外因論把非洲狀況歸咎于殖民主義和西方壓迫的觀點(diǎn)也難以成立。因為曾經(jīng)作為殖民對象的中國經(jīng)過自身努力實(shí)現(xiàn)了崛起,這使得非洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人沒有借口來解釋為何他們資源豐富的國家仍然處于國際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)的底層。由此可以得出結(jié)論,西方大國通過培育非洲國家的系統(tǒng)性腐敗謀取戰(zhàn)略利益,內(nèi)因論站不住腳;非洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人可以像中國那樣選擇突破西方控制體系而又不以追求個人私利為唯一取向,外因論也因之難以成立。因此,內(nèi)因論和外因論的觀點(diǎn)都是殖民主義遺產(chǎn)影響的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:There are two points of view on the development of Africa: internal cause theory and external cause theory. The theory of internal causes says African leaders are primarily responsible for their own country, not colonialism and Western oppression. Contrastive externalism portrays Africa as a victim of oppression and conspiracy by Western powers and other external forces. However, due to the corruption of the western financial system and the rise of China, the theory of internal and external causes has become untenable. On the one hand, the current international financial crisis has led to Africa's economic woes, which are not caused by African leaders. In fact, because of the international financial crisis, the former African colonial powers are pursuing their strategic interests in Africa by training the leaders of pro-Western African countries, and the Western powers will not give up their control over Africa. On the other hand, the argument that Africa is being blamed on colonialism and Western oppression is hard to hold. Because China, once a colonial target, has risen through its own efforts, African leaders have no excuse to explain why their resource-rich countries remain at the bottom of the international political economy. From this we can draw a conclusion that the internal cause theory is not tenable by cultivating the systematic corruption of African countries to obtain strategic benefits. African leaders can choose to break through the Western control system as China does without seeking personal self-interest, which makes it difficult to establish the theory of external cause. Therefore, both internal and external causes are the result of the legacy of colonialism.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)國際關(guān)系學(xué)院非洲研究中心;
【分類號】：D74;D06

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