本文關(guān)鍵詞：國際關(guān)系中的新馬克思主義思潮，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

國際關(guān)系中的新馬克思主義思潮

國際關(guān)系中的新馬克思主義思潮

新馬克思主義的產(chǎn)生最早可以追溯到20世紀20年代,是不斷地對西方社會革命失敗、資本主義社會弊端顯現(xiàn)、社會主義社會曲折前進以及國際格局變遷進行深度反思的結(jié)果。20世紀70年代后,新馬克思主義迅速崛起為西方國際關(guān)系理論中的一個重要流派。它借用馬克思主義的某些思想和策略,對國際社會中的政治、經(jīng)濟、文化、生態(tài)環(huán)境等不足進行了多角度的深入研究,試圖探尋一條適合全球化背景的、朝著更加公平、合理的方向前進的人類解放道路。新馬克思主義因其理論內(nèi)容的批判性、創(chuàng)新性產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響力,與新自由主義、新保守主義一起,成為目前西方國際關(guān)系理論中的三大主要流派之一,在國際社會中具有重要影響。目前西方和我國學(xué)術(shù)界均十分關(guān)注對新馬克思主義的研究,雖然在某些方面對新馬克思主義的認識不盡一致,但都肯定了新馬克思主義的巨大理論價值和現(xiàn)實意 義,認為他們?yōu)槲磥韲H社會的發(fā)展道路做出了種種新的探索,開辟了一個新的研究視閾,提出了許多發(fā)人深省的理論觀點。我們對國際關(guān)系中的新馬克思主義進行深入研究,對于認識當(dāng)代國際社會中存在的不足及國際關(guān)系的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,既具有重要理論價值,也具有較大實踐意 義。本文共分為五大部分。第一部分是對新馬克思主義的基本情況進行了簡要梳理。在對其概念進行淺析淺析后,本文指出產(chǎn)生于20世紀20年代的新馬克思主義并非偶然現(xiàn)象,而有其深刻的歷史背景。新馬克思主義走過了曲折的發(fā)展歷程,經(jīng)歷了初創(chuàng)、形成、興盛和多碩博在線論文網(wǎng)化發(fā)展的四個時期;同時對當(dāng)代新馬克思主義最具代表性的后現(xiàn)代主義的新馬克思主義、生態(tài)社會主義、歐美的文化新馬克思主義和新發(fā)展主義四大學(xué)派,進行了闡釋,論述了不同學(xué)派的思想內(nèi)涵,說明了各種學(xué)派所呈現(xiàn)的研究方向和理論觀點既有相融之處,又存在著差異性;最后通過展現(xiàn)其批判性、創(chuàng)新性和學(xué)院化三種理論特質(zhì),進一步淺析淺析了新馬克思主義與其它相關(guān)思潮的關(guān)系。第二部分闡述了新馬克思主義通過對全球化、生態(tài)危機、異化消費、文化批判及資本主義、社會主義不足的認識這五大部分來充分展現(xiàn)新馬克思主義國際關(guān)系理論思潮的主要觀點,淺析淺析了新馬克思主義對現(xiàn)實世界弊病的批判性認識。第三部分主要是論述了新馬克思主義基于對當(dāng)今世界的認識而相應(yīng)性提出的克服當(dāng)今世界不足的五大主張。首先針對全球化不足,提出了淺析淺析全球化實質(zhì),進行全球廣泛合作的主張;其次針對生態(tài)危機不足,提出了共同應(yīng)對生態(tài)危機,建立綠色社會的主張;再次針對異化消費不足,提出了關(guān)注社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,進行理性消費的主張:再者針對文化批判不足,提出了尊重文化多碩博在線論文網(wǎng)化,加強文化溝通的主張;最后針對資本主義、社會主義的不足,提出了變革資本主義現(xiàn)有制度,主張社會主義全新發(fā)展的看法。第四部分闡述了新馬克思主義對重建未來世界秩序的構(gòu)想。首先論述了新馬克思主義對重建未來世界秩序必要性的認識,指出隨著全球化的進一步發(fā)展加之世界秩序本身的變化,重建之路勢在必行;其次著重闡述了對重構(gòu)未來世界秩序的基本構(gòu)想,著重以沃勒斯坦現(xiàn)代世界體系理論為基礎(chǔ)進行淺析淺析論證:最后從有益于改善發(fā)達國家與發(fā)展中國家的關(guān)系和有助于調(diào)整社會主義國家與資本主義國家的關(guān)系兩方面來淺析淺析論證新馬克思主義重建未來世界秩序的意 義。第五部分主要是展開對新馬克思主義國際關(guān)系思潮的評價。首先指出了新馬克思主義國際關(guān)系思潮的主要貢獻:推動了國際關(guān)系理論的發(fā)展,推動了國際關(guān)系優(yōu)化的進程。然后對其缺陷進行理性淺析淺析,指出新馬克思主義的理論批判不夠徹底并且存在一定空想成分。最后得出結(jié)論,指出對待新馬克思主義的正確態(tài)度。

【Abstract】 The foundation of Neo-Marxism first appeared in 1920th,which is the result of deep thoughts after the failure of the socialist revolution,short comings of capitalism,the twisty improvement of socialist society and the changes of world setup.After 1970s,Neo-Marxism quickly became one important thoughts in theories about western countries international relations.Using some thoughts and methods of Marxism,it researches deeply from different aspects of political,economical,cultural and ecological issues in international society,trying to seek a human being’s revolution way that suits the global background and heading to more rational and fair direction.Neo-Marxism generated huge influence for its being critical and creative.Together with Neo-liberalism and Neo-conservatism,it is one of the top three schools of thoughts of Western International Relation Theory,which has big impact in international society.Presently,in the academe in both China and west,the research on Neo- Marxism is a very much concerned issue,although the explanation varies in certain aspects.Both give affirmation to its significant value theoretically and realistically,believing that its theories have explored new roads for the development of future international society,opened a new research field and brought up many inspiring opinions.Deeply research on Neo-Marxism in international relations is of great value theoretically and realistically in understanding the problems existed in modern international society and the harmonious development of international relations.This dissertation consists of five parts.PartⅠis a brief review of Neo-Marxism.By analyzing its definition,it is pointed out that the appearance of Neo-Marxism in 1920s was not a coincidence but of deep relation with the historical background.The development of Neo-Marxism experienced a twisty road,including four stages:foundation,formation,boom and diversified development.In the mean time,the typical schools of theories that affect modern Neo-Marxism such as post-modernist Neo-Marxism,Eeosocialism,cultural Neo-Marxism in Europe and America and New Development Theory are also discussed in aspects of the inner meaning,research areas,common grounds and differences of them.In the end,by showing the special theoretical characteristics of critical,creative and institutional,we deeply analyzed the relation between Neo-Marxism and other schools of theories.PartⅡexplains the understanding of Neo-Marxism on global issues,ecological crisis issues, Alienated Consumption issues,cultural critique issues,capitalism and socialism issues.From the above five parts,the main opinions of Neo-Marxism international relation theory trend and its critical understanding to the malady of modern world are discussed.PartⅢmainly discusses the five propositions of Neo-Marxism about how to solve the problems of the world nowadays based on its understanding of modern world.Firstly,aiming at the globalism issue,it brought up the proposition of how to analyse the essence of globalism and enhance cooperation worldwide.Secondly,aiming at the ecological crisis,it claims that the whole world should face this crisis together and establish a green society.Thirdly,aiming at alienated consumption,it claims that the development of social economy should be concerned and consume rationally should be promoted.Fourthly,aiming at cultural critique,it claims that we should respect the diversion of cultures and strengthen culture communication.Lastly,aiming at capitalism and socialism,it claims that the present capitalism system should be reformed and socialism should have a complete new development.PartⅣdiscusses the conceive of Neo-Marxism of reconstruct the new order of the future world.Firstly,what is discussed is Neo-Marxism’ understanding of the importance of reconstructing the future world order and pointed out the necessity of reconstruction accompanying the development of globalism and changes of world order itself.Secondly,this dissertation mainly explains the basic conceive of reconstructing the future world order, emphasizing on the analysis and research on Wallerstein’s Theory of world system.Lastly,the significance of Neo-Marxism’s reconstruction of future world order from aspects of this new order would be helpful for improving relations between developed and developing countries and adjusting the relations between socialist countries and capitalist countries.PartⅤis about evaluation of Neo-Marxism international relations.Firstly we discussed the main contribution of Neo-Marxism international relation thoughts.It improves the development of international theories,promoted the optimization process of international relations.Afterwards, a rational analysis of its short comings is done.We believe that the critique of Neo-Marxism is not complete enough and of a bit utopian socialism.In the end,a conclusion is made that what should be the correct attitude to Neo-Marxism.

【關(guān)鍵詞】 國際關(guān)系； 新馬克思主義； 現(xiàn)實世界弊�。� 未來世界秩序構(gòu)建；
【Key words】 international relation； Neo-Marxism； malady of modern world； construction of future world order；

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