本文關(guān)鍵詞：從中韓關(guān)系發(fā)展看韓國(guó)外交戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

從中韓關(guān)系發(fā)展看韓國(guó)外交戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整

從中韓關(guān)系發(fā)展看韓國(guó)外交戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整

在現(xiàn)實(shí)主義國(guó)際關(guān)系理論中,國(guó)際社會(huì)處于無(wú)政府狀態(tài),要維護(hù)國(guó)家安全利益不受到損害,必須提升自身的軍事實(shí)力,以求自助;或與他國(guó)聯(lián)合,以抗衡敵國(guó)的勢(shì)力與影響,形成均勢(shì)。均勢(shì)戰(zhàn)略一直以來(lái)就是各國(guó)外交戰(zhàn)略選擇中的重點(diǎn)考慮對(duì)象。隨著冷戰(zhàn)的結(jié)束,兩極格局分崩瓦解,但是新的國(guó)際體系還沒(méi)有形成。國(guó)際社會(huì)正處在一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)型的過(guò)程中。和平與發(fā)展已經(jīng)成為這個(gè)時(shí)代的主題。均勢(shì)戰(zhàn)略在某些地區(qū)發(fā)生了變化。韓國(guó),這個(gè)東北亞地區(qū)重要國(guó)家,從冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期到21世紀(jì)初,其外交戰(zhàn)略發(fā)生了從“均勢(shì)戰(zhàn)略——平衡戰(zhàn)略——帶有均勢(shì)色彩的平衡戰(zhàn)略”的變化。中韓關(guān)系的發(fā)展起步晚,發(fā)展快,不到20年的時(shí)間里,中韓兩國(guó)在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化乃至軍事等諸多領(lǐng)域有了飛速的發(fā)展,這在國(guó)際關(guān)系史上是比較有特點(diǎn)的。中韓兩國(guó)在冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期分屬東西方兩個(gè)敵對(duì)陣營(yíng),曾經(jīng)在朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)上兵戎相見(jiàn)。但是進(jìn)入20世紀(jì)90年代,兩國(guó)水到渠成的建立了外交關(guān)系。中國(guó)在韓國(guó)外交中所占的地位迅速提高。出于自身利益的考慮,中國(guó)在韓國(guó)外交中所占的比例越來(lái)越大;出于獨(dú)立發(fā)展的考慮,韓國(guó)努力在外交中擺脫美國(guó)的影響。因此在外交戰(zhàn)略上,韓國(guó)選擇與中美等國(guó)進(jìn)行等距離外交。而隨著近年來(lái)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力,國(guó)際地位的快速提升,處于弱勢(shì)的韓國(guó)又逐漸感受到了中國(guó)所帶來(lái)的壓力。為了滿足其心理上的安全需要,現(xiàn)實(shí)的選擇與其盟友美國(guó)拉近關(guān)系,以制衡中國(guó)。

【Abstract】 In the concept of Realism of the international relations, the international community is at a state of anarchy. A rational state must make its priority to prevent the national security from any potential harm, which requires the country to enhance its military power. During the process of strengthening its security, some relatively weak countries have to find a strong ally in order to form a balance of power with their challengers.With the ending of Cold War, the Yalta System have gone with the wind, however, it does not mean that a new international political system is formed immediately. Therefore, the Strategy of“Balance of Power”is still popular in some regions and countries, although there might be some kind of changes.Republic of Korea, which is the ally of the United States, built the diplomatic relations with China in 1992, which turned a new leaf on the bilateral relations. With the fast growing and maturing relations between the two important Northeast Asia countries, the diplomatic strategy of Republic of Korea presents a changing trend, ranging from the classical Balance of Power, to the Balancing strategy. This kind of alteration reflects the status of China in the eyes of Republic of Korea. However, when Lee Myung-bak was voted into the office, there are some obvious differences in his foreign policies compared with his predecessors. His blueprint of diplomatic strategy shows a returning trend to the Balance of Power, because of the pressure from the powerful China.

【關(guān)鍵詞】 外交戰(zhàn)略； 均勢(shì)戰(zhàn)略； 平衡戰(zhàn)略； 韓國(guó)； 中國(guó)；
【Key words】 Diplomatic Strategy； Balance of Power； Balancing Strategy； Republic of Korea； People’s Republic of China；

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