【摘要】：現代化的浪潮席卷了全球,先進的科學技術和高速的經濟增長使人類的物質生活達到了空前的水平,感官享受得到了空前的滿足。與此同時,全球出現了前所未有的危機:生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化,人口大爆炸,片面追求經濟高速增長,社會沖突不斷,人的精神無處安放等。因此關注人本身,賦予基本價值以新的含義,并與我國現實相結合,是這一時代急需解決的難題。本文從知識分子和人文精神的理論切入,將知識分子界定為具有高等學歷及同等學歷的人,并提出新人文精神是新的精神追求,新的方法論,更是對人性的平衡和彌補。知識分子是人文精神擔當和傳播的主體。當下中國無論從社會層面還是知識分子層面,重構人文精神都是極其必要的,因為這兩個層面人文精神失落的表現明顯。而人文精神社會層面失落的原因可以歸結為:精英文化中人文精神的衰落,“五四”運動對文化的割裂,市場經濟對人文精神的消解,教育的功利化;知識分子內部人文精神失落的原因可歸結為:知識分子思想缺乏獨立,知識分子未能適應現代化浪潮,人文和科學的分裂。重構人文精神,首先要重構人文精神的價值追求。社會自由和精神自由的和諧共融,以人為本的公平,互惠精神的包容和妥協,以理節(jié)欲、合度為上,公民權利意識都是當下社會呼喚的人文精神。人文精神在現實中要得以重構,要保障社會維度的思想和言論的自由,教育的公平和人文、科學的平衡,發(fā)揮媒體傳播的正面作用,提供制度支撐,使財富社會化;在知識分子維度要擴大人文知識分子的生存空間,保持知識分子思想的獨立性,在人文視域下升華科技知識分子的理性。
[Abstract]:The wave of modernization has swept the world, advanced science and technology and high-speed economic growth have made human material life reach an unprecedented level, sensory enjoyment has been unprecedented satisfaction. At the same time, there is an unprecedented crisis in the world: deterioration of the ecological environment, population explosion, one-sided pursuit of rapid economic growth, continuous social conflicts, nowhere to put the human spirit and so on. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to pay attention to people themselves, to give new meaning to the basic value, and to combine with the reality of our country. Based on the theory of intellectuals and humanistic spirit, this paper defines intellectuals as people with higher education and equivalent education, and puts forward that the new humanistic spirit is a new spiritual pursuit, a new methodology, and a balance and compensation for human nature. Intellectuals are the main body of humanistic spirit. At present, it is extremely necessary to reconstruct humanistic spirit from both social and intellectual levels, because the loss of humanistic spirit at these two levels is obvious. The reasons for the loss of humanistic spirit can be summed up as follows: the decline of humanistic spirit in elite culture, the separation of culture by the May 4th Movement, the digestion of humanistic spirit by market economy, and the utilitarian nature of education. The reasons for the loss of humanistic spirit within intellectuals can be summed up as follows: the lack of independence of intellectuals, the failure of intellectuals to adapt to the wave of modernization, and the division of humanities and science. In order to reconstruct the humanistic spirit, we should first reconstruct the value pursuit of the humanistic spirit. The harmonious integration of social freedom and spiritual freedom, people-oriented fairness, tolerance and compromise in the spirit of reciprocity, and the sense of civil rights are the humanistic spirit called for by the current society. The humanistic spirit should be reconstructed in reality, the freedom of thought and speech in the social dimension should be guaranteed, the fairness and humanities of education should be balanced, the positive role of media communication should be brought into play, the system support should be provided, and the wealth should be socialized. In the dimension of intellectuals, we should expand the living space of humanistic intellectuals, maintain the independence of intellectuals' thought, and sublimate the rationality of scientific and technological intellectuals from the perspective of humanities.
【學位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D663.5

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