【摘要】："獨(dú)狼"是當(dāng)代恐怖主義的重要形式,它沒(méi)有階序等級(jí)化的組織結(jié)構(gòu),是去中心化和自我激進(jìn)化的實(shí)體。以理性-非理性、個(gè)體-社會(huì)兩個(gè)維度進(jìn)行交互分類(lèi)可得到四種理想類(lèi)型的獨(dú)狼,即精神錯(cuò)亂型(個(gè)體非理性)、怨恨-復(fù)仇型(個(gè)體理性)、救贖-表意型(社會(huì)非理性)和意識(shí)形態(tài)型(社會(huì)理性)。獨(dú)狼的意識(shí)形態(tài)決定了目標(biāo)選擇,他們大多在熟悉的區(qū)域選擇平民和非政府目標(biāo)作為襲擊對(duì)象。由于很難對(duì)獨(dú)狼進(jìn)行偵察、鑒別和滲透,因此,阻懾獨(dú)狼的難度較大、成本很高。除了政府和軍事力量導(dǎo)向的安全策略外,應(yīng)采取綜合性反恐策略,包括意識(shí)形態(tài)宣傳、網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)控、共同體介入、協(xié)調(diào)國(guó)家與公民關(guān)系以及轉(zhuǎn)變傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)觀念等。
[Abstract]:Lone wolf is an important form of contemporary terrorism. It has no hierarchical organizational structure and is a decentralized and self-radicalizing entity. Using the two dimensions of rationality and irrationality, individual and society to classify interactively, four ideal types of lone wolf can be obtained. That is, insanity (individual irrationality), resentment-revenge (individual rationality), redemption-idealism (social irrationality) and ideology (social rationality). The ideology of the lone wolf determines the choice of target, and most of them choose civilian and non-government targets as targets in familiar areas. It is difficult to detect, identify and infiltrate the lone wolf, so it is difficult to deter the lone wolf and the cost is very high. In addition to the security strategy guided by the government and military power, comprehensive counter-terrorism strategies should be adopted, including ideological propaganda, network monitoring, community intervention, coordination of the relationship between the state and citizens, and transformation of traditional risk concepts.
【作者單位】： 中央民族大學(xué)世界民族學(xué)人類(lèi)學(xué)研究中心;
【基金】：國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金重大招標(biāo)項(xiàng)目“后冷戰(zhàn)世界的民族沖突與治理特點(diǎn)研究”(項(xiàng)目編號(hào):11ZD135)階段成果
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D815.5
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本文編號(hào)：2245890