【摘要】：馬來(lái)西亞地處馬六甲海峽,憑借優(yōu)越的地理位置,它成為了一個(gè)貿(mào)易大國(guó),并在古時(shí)候就與中東建立了經(jīng)貿(mào)聯(lián)系。十三世紀(jì),伊斯蘭教隨阿拉伯商人進(jìn)入馬來(lái)半島。貿(mào)易的繁榮和伊斯蘭教的廣泛傳播反過(guò)來(lái)加強(qiáng)了馬來(lái)西亞與中東的聯(lián)系。自1957年馬來(lái)亞獨(dú)立以來(lái),馬來(lái)西亞的中東外交政策既有持續(xù)又有變化。2009年納吉布上臺(tái)執(zhí)政再次調(diào)整了馬來(lái)西亞的中東外交政策,一是降低中東在馬來(lái)西亞對(duì)外政策中的政治地位,二是弱化伊斯蘭因素在馬來(lái)西亞中東外交政策中的政治作用,三是凸顯馬來(lái)西亞與中東的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)聯(lián)系。本文從國(guó)內(nèi)政治、國(guó)際地區(qū)形勢(shì)和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人個(gè)人特質(zhì)與個(gè)人伊斯蘭形象三個(gè)角度分析政策變化原因。這些變化符合馬來(lái)西亞的國(guó)家利益,極大地促進(jìn)了馬來(lái)西亞政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的發(fā)展。在國(guó)內(nèi)沒(méi)有巨大壓力、國(guó)際社會(huì)不發(fā)生巨大變動(dòng)的情況下,當(dāng)前,馬來(lái)西亞中東外交政策方向?qū)⒉粫?huì)發(fā)生重大調(diào)整。馬來(lái)西亞仍會(huì)在政治上實(shí)行穩(wěn)健的中東外交政策,能源安全將成為中東外交政策的新著力點(diǎn),非傳統(tǒng)安全會(huì)成為中東外交政策的重點(diǎn)�，F(xiàn)今,中國(guó)在中東的戰(zhàn)略利益、經(jīng)濟(jì)利益、能源安全進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng),中國(guó)的中東外交戰(zhàn)略正處于形成階段,中國(guó)與馬來(lái)西亞在中東地區(qū)有更多的共同利益,因而,加強(qiáng)對(duì)馬來(lái)西亞中東外交政策的認(rèn)識(shí)十分迫切。本文運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)梳理、案例分析及比較分析三種方法分析納吉布執(zhí)政后馬來(lái)西亞中東外交政策的變化、變化原因和影響,并在此基礎(chǔ)上探究馬來(lái)西亞中東外交政策的前景。這不僅有助于全面認(rèn)識(shí)馬來(lái)西亞的外交政策,也可為中國(guó)在制定中東外交戰(zhàn)略時(shí)提供有效參考,具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:Malaysia is located in the Strait of Malacca, by virtue of its superior geographical position, it became a trading power and established economic and trade ties with the Middle East in ancient times. In the thirteenth century, Islam followed Arab merchants into the Malay Peninsula. The prosperity of trade and the widespread spread of Islam in turn strengthened Malaysia's ties with the Middle East. Since Malaya became independent in 1957, Malaysia's foreign policy in the Middle East has both continued and changed. In 2009, Najib came to power and readjusted Malaysia's foreign policy in the Middle East. One is to reduce the political status of the Middle East in Malaysia's foreign policy, the other is to weaken the political role of Islamic factors in Malaysia's foreign policy in the Middle East, and the third is to highlight the economic and social ties between Malaysia and the Middle East. This paper analyzes the reasons of policy change from three angles: domestic politics, international and regional situation, personal characteristics of leaders and personal image of Islam. These changes are in Malaysia's national interest and contribute greatly to Malaysia's political, economic and social development. In the absence of great domestic pressure and major changes in the international community, Malaysia's foreign policy direction in the Middle East will not be significantly adjusted for the time being. Malaysia will continue to implement a stable Middle East foreign policy in politics, energy security will become a new focus of Middle East foreign policy, and non-traditional security will become the focus of Middle East foreign policy. At present, China's strategic interests, economic interests, and energy security in the Middle East are further strengthened. China's diplomatic strategy for the Middle East is in the formative stage. China and Malaysia have more common interests in the Middle East region, so, It is urgent to strengthen the understanding of Malaysia's foreign policy in the Middle East. This paper analyzes the changes, causes and effects of Malaysia's Middle East foreign policy after Najib's reign by means of literature combing, case analysis and comparative analysis, and probes into the prospects of Malaysia's Middle East foreign policy on this basis. This is not only helpful to comprehensively understand Malaysia's foreign policy, but also provides an effective reference for China in formulating diplomatic strategy in the Middle East, which is of great practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D833.8

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