本文選題：協(xié)商民主 + 民主實(shí)踐��； 參考：《山西師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：如果以2002年哈貝馬斯在中國(guó)大學(xué)做有關(guān)協(xié)商民主的主題演講為起點(diǎn)，協(xié)商民主理論在中國(guó)的萌芽成長(zhǎng)，已經(jīng)走過(guò)了近14個(gè)年頭。十年后，在黨的十八大報(bào)告上，協(xié)商民主建設(shè)被赫然列為推進(jìn)中國(guó)政治改革的第二項(xiàng)任務(wù)。由此新的協(xié)商民主研究風(fēng)潮在學(xué)界蔚然興起。如何借鑒西方協(xié)商民主理論，推動(dòng)中國(guó)民主政治建設(shè)？通過(guò)對(duì)相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的梳理、研究，筆者給出的答案是要推進(jìn)中國(guó)協(xié)商民主實(shí)踐體系建設(shè)。 當(dāng)代中國(guó)協(xié)商民主的實(shí)踐之所以被稱之為一個(gè)體系，可以從實(shí)踐層面和實(shí)踐內(nèi)容兩方面進(jìn)行理解。從協(xié)商民主實(shí)踐的層面來(lái)講，需要從宏觀、中觀、微觀三個(gè)層面進(jìn)行分析。協(xié)商民主在中國(guó)的實(shí)踐廣泛存在于我國(guó)的各個(gè)層面。從宏觀的基本國(guó)家制度，如人民代表大會(huì)制度、多黨合作和政治協(xié)商制度，到中觀的以政府為主導(dǎo)的各類行政協(xié)商民主形式，再到微觀的基層協(xié)商民主自治形式，，還有覆蓋三個(gè)層次的中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的黨內(nèi)協(xié)商民主，協(xié)商民主廣泛應(yīng)用于我國(guó)的民主政治生活當(dāng)中。 從協(xié)商民主的實(shí)踐內(nèi)容來(lái)看，主要是通過(guò)立法、行政、司法三大權(quán)力內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分析。協(xié)商民主是我國(guó)執(zhí)政黨重要的民主政治生活方式，同時(shí)廣泛地存在于我國(guó)重要的政治制度設(shè)計(jì)當(dāng)中。通過(guò)民主協(xié)商的政治機(jī)制，影響人民代表大會(huì)的立法、決議過(guò)程；通過(guò)對(duì)議案的確定以及協(xié)商程序，多黨合作和政治協(xié)商制度影響著國(guó)家大政方針的制定；通過(guò)政府、社會(huì)組織、公民等多元主體的協(xié)商參與，影響著政府對(duì)于公共決策的制定、實(shí)施；通過(guò)基層自治組織的民主協(xié)商，確保著普通公眾對(duì)于公共生活的影響力。我們可以看到，無(wú)論是法律的確定、權(quán)力的行使、還是對(duì)公共政策的監(jiān)督評(píng)價(jià)，既有民主黨派、政協(xié)委員的參政議政，也有普通公民的公共建議，這些都是我國(guó)具體而豐富的協(xié)商民主實(shí)踐形式。綜上所述，協(xié)商民主在我國(guó)的實(shí)踐，是一個(gè)涵蓋領(lǐng)域廣闊、形式表現(xiàn)豐富、各系統(tǒng)有機(jī)聯(lián)系的完整體系。 本論文首先論述了協(xié)商民主的相關(guān)理論來(lái)源、理論基礎(chǔ)、概念特征、價(jià)值意義，對(duì)其理論內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了介紹。接著概要闡述了當(dāng)代協(xié)商民主實(shí)踐體系的七部分具體內(nèi)容。包括黨內(nèi)協(xié)商民主、人民代表大會(huì)的協(xié)商民主、政治協(xié)商制度、黨際協(xié)商民主、行政協(xié)商民主、基層協(xié)商民主、網(wǎng)絡(luò)問(wèn)政與協(xié)商民主。然后通過(guò)在結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容上對(duì)協(xié)商民主實(shí)踐體系存在的問(wèn)題和原因進(jìn)行分析，描述了當(dāng)代中國(guó)協(xié)商民主實(shí)踐的發(fā)展困境。最后從協(xié)商民主理論以及運(yùn)行機(jī)制、協(xié)商民主政治文化的建設(shè)、構(gòu)建中國(guó)協(xié)商民主實(shí)踐體系、協(xié)商民主實(shí)踐形式的互動(dòng)研究四個(gè)方面，論述了如何完善我國(guó)協(xié)商民主實(shí)踐體系，推動(dòng)中國(guó)民主政治發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:If Habermas gave a keynote speech on deliberative democracy in Chinese universities in 2002, the theory of deliberative democracy has grown in China for nearly 14 years. Ten years later, in the report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the construction of deliberative democracy was listed as the second task of promoting China's political reform. Therefore, a new trend of deliberative democratic research has arisen in academic circles. How to draw lessons from the western theory of negotiated democracy to promote the construction of democratic politics in China? By combing the relevant documents and studying, the author gives the answer to promote the construction of China's deliberative democracy practice system. The practice of contemporary Chinese deliberative democracy is called a system, which can be understood from the aspect of practice and practice. From the perspective of the practice of deliberative democracy, it needs to be analyzed from three levels: macro, meso and micro. The practice of deliberative democracy in China exists widely in all levels of our country. From macroscopic basic state systems, such as the system of people's congresses, the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation, to the various forms of democracy of administrative consultation dominated by the government in the meso, to the microcosmic form of democratic autonomy of consultation at the grass-roots level. There are three levels of the Communist Party of China's inner-party consultative democracy, which is widely used in China's democratic political life. From the point of view of the practical content of deliberative democracy, it is mainly analyzed through the three major powers of legislation, administration and judicature. Deliberative democracy is an important democratic political life style of the ruling party in our country, and widely exists in the important political system design of our country at the same time. To influence the legislative and resolution process of the people's Congress through the political mechanism of democratic consultation; to influence the formulation of national policies through the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation through the determination of bills and consultation procedures; and through the government, The consultation and participation of social organizations, citizens and other pluralistic subjects affect the government's making and implementation of public decisions; through democratic consultation of grass-roots autonomous organizations, the influence of ordinary public on public life is ensured. We can see that the determination of the law, the exercise of power, and the supervision and evaluation of public policies include the participation of democratic parties and CPPCC members in political affairs, as well as the public suggestions of ordinary citizens. These are the concrete and rich practical forms of consultative democracy in our country. To sum up, the practice of deliberative democracy in our country is a complete system covering a wide range of fields, rich in forms and organic connection between various systems. This paper first discusses the theoretical origin, theoretical basis, conceptual characteristics and value significance of deliberative democracy, and introduces its theoretical content. Then it outlines the seven parts of the contemporary deliberative democratic practice system. It includes inner-party consultation democracy, people's Congress consultation democracy, political consultation system, inter-party consultation democracy, administrative consultation democracy, grass-roots consultative democracy, network governance and consultative democracy. Then, by analyzing the problems and reasons in the system of deliberative democracy practice in structure and content, this paper describes the predicament of the development of the practice of consultative democracy in contemporary China. Finally, from four aspects: the theory and operation mechanism of consultative democracy, the construction of negotiated democratic political culture, the construction of Chinese consultative democratic practice system and the interactive study of the form of consultative democratic practice, this paper discusses how to perfect the consultative democratic practice system in China. To promote the development of democratic politics in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D627

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本文編號(hào)：2036825