本文選題：農(nóng)村 + 社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系　； 參考：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)社會(huì)的不斷進(jìn)步與經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,中國(guó)這個(gè)人口大國(guó)不可避免的的進(jìn)入老齡化階段,并且與日俱增。同時(shí),山東作為一個(gè)人口大省已于1994年正式進(jìn)入老齡化社會(huì),比全國(guó)平均年份早了六年。隨著生育率的下降及人均壽命的延長(zhǎng),山東省人口老齡化程度不斷提高,養(yǎng)老保障負(fù)擔(dān)逐年加重。在山東省已經(jīng)進(jìn)入老齡化社會(huì)的這21年間,山東省農(nóng)村地區(qū)的養(yǎng)老保障制度從無(wú)到有,農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系從殘缺到完善,新型農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)從最初的7%的覆蓋率到今天的全覆蓋,走過(guò)了許多艱辛路程,也收獲了許多豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與教訓(xùn)。相較于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)的城市,農(nóng)村地區(qū)的養(yǎng)老保障制度一向被人忽視,近年來(lái),山東省政府和相關(guān)部門(mén)出臺(tái)了不少針對(duì)農(nóng)村地區(qū)的社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的相關(guān)法規(guī)與政策,也投入了大量的資金與人力物力,并積極借鑒了國(guó)內(nèi)外先進(jìn)的養(yǎng)老服務(wù)經(jīng)驗(yàn),同時(shí)發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)作用,以求建立一個(gè)完善的農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系,使農(nóng)村老年人老有所養(yǎng),老有所依。本文運(yùn)用數(shù)據(jù)分析、比較分析、文獻(xiàn)統(tǒng)計(jì)、問(wèn)卷調(diào)查等方法以及建立Logit模型等研究方法,首先,對(duì)農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系的相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行了研究和闡述。包括社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系相關(guān)概念的闡述,農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系的內(nèi)涵以及農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的構(gòu)成等。并根據(jù)馬斯洛的五個(gè)需求層次理論對(duì)農(nóng)村老年人群體進(jìn)行了需求結(jié)構(gòu)分析。還對(duì)與養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系相關(guān)的福利多元化理論和象征性相互作用理論進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單研究,這為進(jìn)一步研究并完善山東省農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系打好了基礎(chǔ)。其次,以山東省為例,對(duì)當(dāng)前農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系的現(xiàn)狀和存在的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了分析。在對(duì)山東省農(nóng)村地區(qū)養(yǎng)老問(wèn)題現(xiàn)狀的研究中,針對(duì)山東省人口老齡化的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和特點(diǎn)、“空巢老人”現(xiàn)象、目前農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)現(xiàn)狀、新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)現(xiàn)狀以及農(nóng)村老年人的社會(huì)救助現(xiàn)狀加以分析,直觀的體現(xiàn)了當(dāng)年山東省農(nóng)村地區(qū)老年人的普遍情況。在山東省農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系的發(fā)展建設(shè)現(xiàn)狀方面,對(duì)農(nóng)村居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)、農(nóng)村社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)和機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)分別進(jìn)行了研究總結(jié)。之后,通過(guò)對(duì)山東省濟(jì)南市、淄博市、泰安市、棗莊市四地農(nóng)村地區(qū)的走訪和問(wèn)卷調(diào)查研究,總結(jié)了農(nóng)村老年人對(duì)社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的需求意愿,認(rèn)為生活照料、醫(yī)療保健和精神慰藉是農(nóng)村老年人最為需要的社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)。文化娛樂(lè)等養(yǎng)老服務(wù)也是老年人所需要的。并在統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了Logit回歸模型,分析統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果是否具有顯著性,是否客觀真實(shí)地體現(xiàn)老年人的需求意愿。得出結(jié)果,老年人的年齡、身體健康狀況、子女個(gè)數(shù)和平均月收入水平是影響農(nóng)村地區(qū)老年人社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)需求意愿的主要因素。再次,在以上研究和分析的基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)了山東省農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系發(fā)展的制約因素和存在的問(wèn)題。經(jīng)濟(jì)因素、教育因素、“空巢老人”因素和醫(yī)療費(fèi)用因素都是制約山東省農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系發(fā)展的主要因素。然后,從居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)、社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)以及機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)方面分別列舉了當(dāng)前山東省農(nóng)村社會(huì)保障存在的問(wèn)題。最后,根據(jù)建設(shè)農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系的基本理念、具體原則和基本框架,提出了完善山東省農(nóng)村地區(qū)社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系的四條建議:加大政府和社會(huì)對(duì)農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系的投入力度,強(qiáng)化農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系的基礎(chǔ)社會(huì)支持,使農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系盡快走上法制化道路,在農(nóng)村地區(qū)發(fā)展文化養(yǎng)老服務(wù)事業(yè)。
[Abstract]:With the continuous progress of our society and the rapid development of the economy, the population of China is inevitably entering the stage of aging and increasing. At the same time, Shandong, as a large province of population, has formally entered the aging society in 1994, six years earlier than the national average. With the decline of the fertility rate and the extension of the life expectancy of the country. In the 21 years of the aging society in Shandong Province, the old-age security system in the rural areas of Shandong province has gone from scratch, and the old-age service system in the rural society from the incomplete to the perfect, the new rural old-age insurance coverage from the initial 7% to today's coverage in the 21 years of the aging society in Shandong province. Full coverage, a lot of hard journey, and many rich experience and lessons have been harvested. Compared to the economically developed cities, the old-age security system in rural areas has always been ignored. In recent years, the Shandong provincial government and related departments have issued a lot of relevant regulations and policies on the social services for the elderly in rural areas, and also put into a big investment. In order to establish a perfect rural social old-age service system so as to make the old people in the rural areas be old and old, the paper uses data analysis, comparative analysis, literature statistics, questionnaire investigation and other methods to establish Logit. Model and other research methods, first of all, the related theories of rural social old-age service system are studied and expounded, including the concept of social old-age service system, the connotation of rural social endowment service system and the composition of rural social old-age service, and according to Maslow's five needs level theory, the rural elderly people are based on the theory of five needs. The group carries on the demand structure analysis. It also makes a simple study on the welfare diversification theory and the symbolic interaction theory related to the old-age service system, which is the foundation for further research and improvement of the rural social old-age service system in Shandong province. Secondly, taking Shandong as an example, the present rural social endowment service system is present. In the study of the status quo of the old-age problem in the rural areas of Shandong Province, in view of the status and characteristics of the aging of the population in Shandong Province, the phenomenon of "empty nest elderly", the present status of rural social endowment insurance, the new rural cooperative medical insurance status and the status of the social assistance for the elderly in rural areas are divided. Analysis, directly reflects the general situation of the elderly in rural areas of Shandong province. In the development and construction of the rural social old-age service system in Shandong Province, the research and summary of rural home care service, rural community pension service and institutional pension service are carried out respectively. After that, Ji'nan, Zibo, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, Tai'an City In the four rural areas of Zaozhuang, the visit and questionnaire survey are conducted to summarize the desire of the elderly in the rural areas. It is considered that living care, medical care and spiritual comfort are the most necessary social services for the elderly in rural areas. The old-age service, such as cultural and entertainment, is also needed by the elderly. At the same time, the Logit regression model is established to analyze whether the statistical results are significant and whether the needs of the elderly are objectively true. The results are that the age of the elderly, the health status of the elderly, the number of children and the average monthly income level are the main factors affecting the desire of the elderly in the rural areas. On the basis of the above research and analysis, this paper summarizes the restricting factors and existing problems in the development of the rural social old-age service system in Shandong province. Economic factors, educational factors, "empty nest elderly" factors and medical cost factors are the main factors restricting the development of the rural social old-age service system in Shandong province. The existing problems in the rural social security of Shandong province are enumerated in the aspects of the service for the aged and the service for the elderly. Finally, according to the basic ideas, the specific principles and the basic framework of the construction of the rural social endowment service system, four suggestions are put forward to improve the social old service system in the rural areas of Shandong Province: to increase the government and the society. The investment in the rural social old-age service system, strengthening the basic social support of the rural social old-age service system, making the rural social old-age service system on the legal road as soon as possible, and developing the service for the aged in the rural areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D422.6;D669.6

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本文編號(hào)：1959287