本文選題：毛澤東　切入點(diǎn)：國(guó)家軟實(shí)力　出處：《河北師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：面臨著全球化時(shí)代這個(gè)強(qiáng)勁的勢(shì)頭，沖突仍然在發(fā)生，其性質(zhì)卻發(fā)生了變化，國(guó)家綜合實(shí)力的構(gòu)成也同樣發(fā)生著變化。除了硬實(shí)力的作用之外，軟實(shí)力的作用日漸加強(qiáng)。軍事安全已經(jīng)不是安全的主要問題，國(guó)家安全所關(guān)注的目標(biāo)、手段等方面也在逐漸的發(fā)生著變化。 新中國(guó)成立初期，硬實(shí)力相對(duì)薄弱，面臨著國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)際上的雙重壓力，如何建設(shè)一個(gè)新中國(guó)，并且使這個(gè)國(guó)家能在世界范圍內(nèi)得到廣泛的認(rèn)同和承認(rèn)，是一個(gè)迫在眉睫的問題，毛澤東在探索建設(shè)新中國(guó)的道路上，他雖然沒有針對(duì)軟實(shí)力提出自己的思想和主張，而是在國(guó)家建設(shè)和對(duì)外交往的過程中，在國(guó)家軟實(shí)力的原理領(lǐng)域提出了許多有價(jià)值的理論，遵循了軟實(shí)力理論的一些規(guī)律，并在實(shí)踐上進(jìn)行了探索，取得了國(guó)家軟實(shí)力的明顯效果，體現(xiàn)了對(duì)國(guó)家軟實(shí)力理論科學(xué)的掌握和自覺的實(shí)踐。本文的寫作目的就是找出毛澤東國(guó)家建設(shè)理論中與中國(guó)軟實(shí)力建設(shè)中的契合點(diǎn)，分析和研究毛澤東在當(dāng)時(shí)的國(guó)內(nèi)外環(huán)境中對(duì)國(guó)家軟實(shí)力建設(shè)的相關(guān)觀點(diǎn)和舉措，分析毛澤東國(guó)家軟實(shí)力的內(nèi)在構(gòu)成以及文化底蘊(yùn)，為我國(guó)當(dāng)今的社會(huì)主義建設(shè)以及經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化背景下軟實(shí)力建設(shè)提供相關(guān)的理論指導(dǎo)和借鑒，對(duì)于中國(guó)在國(guó)際關(guān)系中的地位提升提供一個(gè)參考維度，從歷史的進(jìn)程中尋找事務(wù)發(fā)展的邏輯，總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)及獲得啟示。 本文分為以下四個(gè)部分： 第一部分：分析國(guó)家軟實(shí)力相關(guān)概念及構(gòu)成要素，主要包括國(guó)家軟實(shí)力的概念，闡述國(guó)家軟實(shí)力和國(guó)家硬實(shí)力之間的關(guān)系，國(guó)家軟實(shí)力用以其對(duì)內(nèi)和對(duì)外職能的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)劃分為文化、政治價(jià)值觀、政治文化、外交政策和國(guó)際形象五個(gè)要素。約瑟夫奈的軟實(shí)力概念在中國(guó)的發(fā)展，對(duì)于文化軟實(shí)力的界定，選取了適合中國(guó)實(shí)際國(guó)情的視角進(jìn)行了解讀。軟實(shí)力概念傳入中國(guó)之后，在跨學(xué)科多領(lǐng)域中得到了運(yùn)用，加快了軟實(shí)力思想的中國(guó)化進(jìn)程。 第二部分：分析毛澤東國(guó)家軟實(shí)力思想產(chǎn)生的背景，主要分為建國(guó)初期的國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)相關(guān)背景，，建國(guó)以后中國(guó)國(guó)際地位亟待提升、急需合作伙伴的歷史形勢(shì)，中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化為軟實(shí)力的發(fā)揮和運(yùn)用提供了豐富的思想營(yíng)養(yǎng)，國(guó)際上美蘇爭(zhēng)霸的局面給新中國(guó)建設(shè)所帶來的負(fù)面影響等四個(gè)方面。 第三部分：闡述了毛澤東國(guó)家軟實(shí)力思想的具體實(shí)踐，毛澤東在國(guó)家建設(shè)方面的軟實(shí)力運(yùn)用主要體現(xiàn)在對(duì)外文化交流方面，其中主要闡述了毛澤東的文化安全觀；外交上實(shí)行獨(dú)立自主的外交政策；提出了和平共處五項(xiàng)原則并將其在處理國(guó)際關(guān)系問題上積極運(yùn)用，從而取得了良好的國(guó)際影響；毛澤東發(fā)揚(yáng)國(guó)際主義精神，對(duì)發(fā)展中國(guó)家的援助行為等四個(gè)方面，毛澤東的具體思想及舉措在軟實(shí)力領(lǐng)域已非常豐富，梳理毛澤東關(guān)于國(guó)家軟實(shí)力思想的相關(guān)實(shí)踐和舉措，用歷史的角度審視當(dāng)時(shí)中國(guó)軟實(shí)力建設(shè)的得與失具有重要作用。 第四部分：毛澤東國(guó)家軟實(shí)力思想和實(shí)踐對(duì)當(dāng)代的意義與啟示。通過對(duì)毛澤東國(guó)家軟實(shí)力實(shí)踐及理論進(jìn)行梳理總結(jié)，得出毛澤東國(guó)家軟實(shí)力思想為毛澤東時(shí)期的中國(guó)提供了正確的理論指導(dǎo)，他的國(guó)際行為和國(guó)際責(zé)任也為中國(guó)贏得了良好的國(guó)際聲譽(yù)；毛澤東的國(guó)家安全思想為維護(hù)本國(guó)和世界的和平與發(fā)展也起到了重要作用。毛澤東的軟實(shí)力思想對(duì)于當(dāng)代的啟示有以下幾點(diǎn)：重視軟實(shí)力的建設(shè)，適應(yīng)國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的時(shí)代需求；繼續(xù)推行毛澤東的反對(duì)霸權(quán)主義、獨(dú)立自主、和平共處等外交理念，捍衛(wèi)世界的和平與發(fā)展；要注重社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀建設(shè)，弘揚(yáng)民族精神，保障文化安全；在處理國(guó)際關(guān)系和制定對(duì)外政策時(shí)依據(jù)的是國(guó)家利益而不是意識(shí)形態(tài)；繼續(xù)發(fā)揚(yáng)國(guó)際主義精神，發(fā)展對(duì)外援助，但在對(duì)外援助的同時(shí)也要堅(jiān)持實(shí)事求是、量力而行的方針。總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)、吸取教訓(xùn)，使毛澤東國(guó)家軟實(shí)力思想發(fā)揮其內(nèi)在的歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 結(jié)論：毛澤東國(guó)家軟實(shí)力思想和實(shí)踐在軟實(shí)力研究領(lǐng)域剛剛起步，通過對(duì)毛澤東國(guó)家軟實(shí)力思想的分析和研究，對(duì)于當(dāng)今國(guó)內(nèi)建設(shè)和國(guó)際交往中積極運(yùn)用毛澤東思想在軟實(shí)力領(lǐng)域的理論和舉措，吸取適應(yīng)時(shí)代變化發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，總結(jié)教訓(xùn)，為當(dāng)今時(shí)代處理國(guó)際關(guān)系以及國(guó)內(nèi)建設(shè)提供歷史參照，注重中國(guó)軟實(shí)力的建設(shè)，使中國(guó)的國(guó)際地位日漸提升，在國(guó)際上樹立良好的國(guó)際形象，提高我國(guó)當(dāng)前在全球化背景下的國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。
[Abstract]:Facing the era of globalization and the strong momentum, the conflict remained in place, its property has changed, a national comprehensive strength is also changing. In addition to hard power, soft power increasingly strengthen role. Military security is not the main problem of security, national security concerns of the target, means so also is gradually changing.
At the beginning of the founding of new Chinese, hard power is relatively weak, facing the double pressure from domestic and international, how to build a new China, and that this nation can be widely acknowledged and recognized in the world, is an imminent problem, Mao Zedong in the exploration of the construction of new Chinese Road, although he did not put forward his ideas and claims for soft power, but in the process of national construction and international exchanges in the field of the principle of national soft power and put forward a lot of value theory, follow some rules of the soft power theory, and explored in practice, and achieved remarkable effect of the country's soft power, the embodiment of the the national soft power theory scientific grasp and consciously practice. The purpose of this paper is to find out the Mao Zedong national construction theory agrees with Chinese soft power construction, analysis and research of Mao Zedong The ideas and measures of national soft power construction in the domestic and international environment, the analysis of Mao Zedong national soft power internal structure and culture, providing theoretical guidance and reference for the construction of soft power in our country and socialist construction under the background of economic globalization, to enhance the Chinese status in the international relations provide a a reference dimension, finding the logical development from the historical process, summarize the experience and inspiration.
This article is divided into the following four parts:
The first part: the analysis and elements of national soft power related concepts, including the concept of national soft power, and expounds the relation between the national soft power and hard power of the country, the national soft power to its internal and external function of the standard is divided into culture, political values, political culture, foreign policy and the five elements the image of Joseph Nye's soft power development concept in China, the definition of cultural soft power, the interpretation of a suitable Chinese reality perspective. After the concept of soft power into China, has been used in many interdisciplinary fields, to speed up the process of China soft power.
The second part: the analysis of Mao Zedong's soft power thought background, mainly divided into domestic and international background of the founding of the early, after the founding of Chinese international position needs to be improved urgently, partners in the historical situation, China traditional culture as soft power play provides a rich nutrition and the use of the idea of international Soviet hegemony for the new China construction brought about the negative influence of the four aspects.
The third part expounds the concrete practice of Mao Zedong thought of national soft power, soft power of Mao Zedong in the national construction use is mainly reflected in the cultural exchange, which mainly expounds the cultural security concept Mao Zedong; diplomatic practice independent foreign policy; put forward the five principles of peaceful coexistence and its active use in dealing with the problem the international relations, in order to obtain a good influence internationally; Mao Zedong carry forward the spirit of internationalism, the four aspects of the behavior of aid to developing countries, the specific ideas and measures of Mao Zedong have been very rich in soft power field, combing Mao Zedong thought about the practice of national soft power and initiatives in the historical perspective look at China soft power construction the gain and loss plays an important role.
The fourth part: Mao Zedong's soft power theory and Practice on the contemporary significance and inspiration. Through the Mao Zedong national soft power theory and practice summary, the Mao Zedong national soft power thought provides a correct theoretical guidance for the Mao Zedong period Chinese, his international behavior and international responsibility also won a good international reputation for China; Mao Zedong's thought of the national security to safeguard the peace and development of the country and the world has also played an important role. Mao Zedong's soft power has the following several points for Contemporary Enlightenment: the importance of the construction of soft power, to adapt to the demand of international competition in the era of Mao Zedong; continue to oppose hegemonism, independent, peaceful diplomatic concept, defend world peace and development; to pay attention to the construction of socialist core values, promote the national spirit, cultural security; in On the basis of international relations and foreign policy making of national interests is not ideology; to continue to carry forward the spirit of internationalism, the development of foreign aid, but in foreign aid must also adhere to the facts, according to the guidelines. Summarize the experience, lessons learned, Mao Zedong's soft power thought to play its inherent historical and realistic significance.
Conclusion: Mao Zedong's soft power theory and practice has just started in the soft power research field, the research and analysis of Mao Zedong thought of national soft power, to actively use Mao Zedong theory and initiatives in the field of soft power in domestic construction and international exchanges, learn to adapt to the changing times of development experience, summarize the lessons of modern times international relations and domestic construction to provide historical reference, pay attention to the construction of Chinese soft power, the Chinese international status increasing, establish a good international image in the world, improve the international competitiveness of our country in the context of globalization.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：A841.6

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