本文選題：馬克思主義　切入點：公平　出處：《齊齊哈爾大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：公平正義作為一種美好的價值理想,人類社會從來沒有停止過對它的追求。無論是中國的思想家還是西方的思想家,都從不同角度對公平正義問題進行了不懈探討,提出了許多精辟而深邃的見解與主張。公平正義思想是馬克思主義的重要組成部分,馬克思和恩格斯一生都在為實現(xiàn)公平正義的全人類共同理想而奮斗。在馬克思和恩格斯看來,生產資料私有制條件下不可能實現(xiàn)真正意義上的公平正義,只有消滅了私有制和剝削階級,才能從根本上實現(xiàn)社會的公平正義。中國共產黨從創(chuàng)立時起就把實現(xiàn)公平正義確立為自己的行動宗旨和奮斗目標,歷代中央領導集體都從中國的現(xiàn)實國情出發(fā),對馬克思主義的公平正義思想做出了重大發(fā)展和貢獻。要做到公平正義,就要妥善協(xié)調社會各方面的利益關系,正確處理各種社會矛盾和問題,讓人民群眾無論在物質層面還是在心理層面都能獲得公平的感受。公平正義涵蓋了經濟、政治、文化、社會等各個領域,其基本內容包括四個方面,分別是權利公平、機會公平、過程公平以及結果公平。當前中國正處在社會轉型期。社會轉型期是一個由傳統(tǒng)社會向現(xiàn)代社會轉變的過渡時期,轉型期的經濟結構、社會結構、利益格局、思想觀念等方面都發(fā)生了深刻變化。轉型期的中國社會在各個領域都存在著公平正義缺失的現(xiàn)象,貧富差距懸殊、腐敗現(xiàn)象嚴重、教育發(fā)展失衡、就業(yè)歧視突出、社保制度缺失是其中表現(xiàn)最突出、影響最深刻、人民群眾反映最強烈的幾個方面。導致轉型期公平正義的缺失,既有歷史的因素,也有現(xiàn)實的因素;既有經濟體制方面的因素,也有思想觀念和制度設計方面的因素。實現(xiàn)中國社會公平正義的途徑有:第一,大力發(fā)展社會生產力,夯實公平正義的物質基礎;第二,加強收入分配、社會保障、民主權力、立法司法等方面的制度建設,為公平正義的實現(xiàn)提供根本保證;第三,加強思想道德建設,為實現(xiàn)公平正義提供精神動力。
[Abstract]:Fairness and justice as a kind of beautiful value ideal, human society has never stopped pursuing it. Both Chinese thinkers and western thinkers have made unremitting discussions on the issue of fairness and justice from different angles. He put forward many incisive and profound opinions and propositions. The thought of fairness and justice is an important part of Marxism. Marx and Engels fought all their lives for the realization of the common ideal of fairness and justice for all mankind. In Marx's and Engels' view, under the condition of private ownership of the means of production, it is impossible to achieve true justice in the sense of fairness. Only by eliminating private ownership and exploiting classes can we fundamentally realize social fairness and justice. Since its founding, the Communist Party of China has established the realization of fairness and justice as its aim of action and struggle. All previous generations of central leading groups have made significant development and contributions to the Marxist idea of fairness and justice, proceeding from China's actual national conditions. To achieve fairness and justice, it is necessary to properly coordinate the interests of all sectors of society. Dealing with all kinds of social contradictions and problems correctly, so that the people can have a fair feeling, both materially and psychologically. Fairness and justice cover economic, political, cultural, social and other fields. Its basic contents include four aspects: right equity, opportunity equity, process equity and result fairness. At present, China is in a social transition period, which is a transitional period from traditional society to modern society. Profound changes have taken place in the economic structure, social structure, interest pattern, ideology and other aspects of the transitional period. In the transitional period of China, there is a lack of fairness and justice in all fields, the gap between the rich and the poor is wide, and corruption is serious. The imbalance of education development, the prominent discrimination in employment, the absence of social security system are the most prominent, the most profound, and the most strongly reflected by the people. This leads to the lack of fairness and justice in the transition period, which has historical factors. There are also realistic factors, as well as factors of economic system, ideology and system design. The ways to realize Chinese social fairness and justice are as follows: first, vigorously develop social productive forces and consolidate the material basis of fairness and justice; Second, strengthen the system construction of income distribution, social security, democratic power, legislation and justice, and provide the fundamental guarantee for the realization of fairness and justice; third, strengthen the ideological and moral construction to provide spiritual power for the realization of fairness and justice.
【學位授予單位】：齊齊哈爾大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D61

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