本文選題：社區(qū)養(yǎng)老　切入點(diǎn)：機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老　出處：《濟(jì)南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前中國(guó)正處于人口老齡化的加速階段,國(guó)家人口老齡化的高峰還未真正到來(lái),社會(huì)養(yǎng)老形式嚴(yán)峻。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展,計(jì)劃生育政策帶來(lái)的弊端日益顯現(xiàn),少子化甚至是失獨(dú)家庭數(shù)量龐大,越來(lái)越多的獨(dú)居、空巢老年人面臨著養(yǎng)老問(wèn)題,這也是整個(gè)社會(huì)的共同問(wèn)題。為緩解家庭養(yǎng)老的負(fù)擔(dān),各種養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)和社區(qū)養(yǎng)老模式開始出現(xiàn),但是他們?cè)诟髯缘陌l(fā)展道路上也出現(xiàn)了不少問(wèn)題和困難。探索一條適合中國(guó)發(fā)展實(shí)際的養(yǎng)老服務(wù)模式,為老年人提供更加便捷、舒適的養(yǎng)老服務(wù)成為一個(gè)亟待解決的問(wèn)題。本研究以濟(jì)南市為例,采用問(wèn)卷調(diào)查和無(wú)結(jié)構(gòu)訪談的方式收集資料,利用SPSS16.0對(duì)收集的數(shù)據(jù)資料進(jìn)行分析處理,對(duì)訪談資料譯為逐字稿,進(jìn)行編碼和總結(jié)。從政府、服務(wù)主體以及老年人三個(gè)層面對(duì)社區(qū)養(yǎng)老和機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老的差異進(jìn)行研究分析。研究結(jié)果表明,社區(qū)養(yǎng)老在有效的監(jiān)管、低廉的成本、更為自由化的服務(wù)選擇以及高質(zhì)量的精神慰藉服務(wù)等層面具有養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)無(wú)法比擬的優(yōu)勢(shì),而養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)則為獨(dú)居、高齡老人提供了一種更加安全的養(yǎng)老選擇。社區(qū)養(yǎng)老存在著行政色彩濃厚、缺乏對(duì)老人家庭設(shè)施的安全改造等不足,機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老也面臨著服務(wù)內(nèi)容單一,設(shè)施陳舊等問(wèn)題。同時(shí),社區(qū)養(yǎng)老和機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老也共同面臨著資金不足、服務(wù)專業(yè)化水平低等問(wèn)題。同時(shí),社區(qū)養(yǎng)老與機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老間的差異產(chǎn)生的原因具有多樣性,并影響著我國(guó)的養(yǎng)老現(xiàn)狀。在此基礎(chǔ)上,從政府、市場(chǎng)、社區(qū)、社會(huì)組織與家庭五個(gè)層面采取有效性的措施,希望能夠?yàn)榻鉀Q社區(qū)養(yǎng)老和機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)中的問(wèn)題提供參考,為完善我國(guó)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系提供一種思路。
[Abstract]:At present, China is in the accelerated stage of population aging. The peak of the aging of the national population has not really arrived, and the form of social old-age support is grim. With the development of economic and society, the drawbacks brought about by the family planning policy are becoming increasingly apparent. The number of minority children and even families without independence is huge, and more and more families live alone. The empty nest elderly are facing the problem of providing for the aged, which is also a common problem in the whole society. In order to ease the burden of the family providing for the aged, A variety of pension institutions and community pension models are beginning to emerge, but they also have many problems and difficulties in their respective development paths. To explore a suitable pension service model suitable for the development of China, it is more convenient for the elderly. Comfortable old-age service has become an urgent problem to be solved. This study takes Jinan as an example, collects data by questionnaire and unstructured interview, and analyzes and processes the collected data by SPSS16.0. The interview materials are translated into verbatim manuscripts, coded and summarized. The differences between community pension and institutional pension are studied and analyzed from three aspects: government, service subjects and the elderly. The results show that community pension is effectively supervised. Lower costs, more liberal service choices and high quality spiritual comfort services have unparalleled advantages over pension institutions, which live alone. The elderly provide a more secure choice for the aged. There is a strong administrative color in the community for the aged, a lack of safety reform of the family facilities for the elderly, and so on. The institutional old-age care also faces the problems of single service content and obsolete facilities, etc. At the same time, At the same time, the difference between community pension and institutional old-age care is diverse, and it affects the present situation of the aged in our country, on the basis of this, the community pension and the institutional old-age care also face the problems of insufficient funds and low level of service specialization. From the five levels of government, market, community, social organization and family, we take effective measures, hoping to provide a reference for solving the problems in the community old-age care and institutional old-age service, and to provide a way of thinking for perfecting the old-age service system in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D669.6

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