本文選題：黑惡勢(shì)力 + 基層政治��； 參考：《武漢大學(xué)》2004年博士論文

【摘要】：本文由導(dǎo)論和六章二十一節(jié)組成。 在導(dǎo)論中包括本文研究的緣由及研究宗旨,本課題理論研究現(xiàn)狀綜述,本文研究的內(nèi)容、解決的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題和主要概念、研究方法、本文的研究意義、創(chuàng)新之處和不足。筆者認(rèn)為目前我國(guó)黑惡勢(shì)力影響基層政治的情況是比較嚴(yán)重的,必須對(duì)此問(wèn)題予以高度關(guān)注。本文試圖在馬克思主義政治學(xué)理論指導(dǎo)之下,通過(guò)調(diào)查研究和理論歸納的方法,研究我國(guó)當(dāng)前黑惡勢(shì)力對(duì)基層政治影響的現(xiàn)狀、原因及其對(duì)民主政治的危害,進(jìn)而提出有效遏制黑惡勢(shì)力,推進(jìn)基層政治民主化進(jìn)程的有效對(duì)策,以進(jìn)一步豐富政治學(xué)、行政學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)理論,并為各級(jí)黨委、人大、政府、政協(xié)機(jī)關(guān)就基層民主問(wèn)題決策時(shí)提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。在人類(lèi)歷史進(jìn)程中,黑惡勢(shì)力現(xiàn)象源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng),不少中外學(xué)者對(duì)黑惡勢(shì)力問(wèn)題進(jìn)行理論研究,其學(xué)術(shù)成果十分豐富,表現(xiàn)出研究?jī)?nèi)容的豐富性、研究隊(duì)伍的互動(dòng)性、研究方法的探索性以及差異性、政治學(xué)研究的缺憾性等特點(diǎn)。本文的核心概念是黑惡勢(shì)力、基層政治、民主。本文的研究方法主要是采取“三結(jié)合”,即政治學(xué)與法學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)相結(jié)合,實(shí)證與邏輯相結(jié)合,定性與定量相結(jié)合。研究的理論意義在于豐富和發(fā)展政治學(xué)、行政學(xué)有關(guān)基層民主建設(shè)的理論,實(shí)踐意義在于為我國(guó)各級(jí)黨委政府就基層民主政治建設(shè)決策時(shí)提供參考依據(jù),從而推進(jìn)我國(guó)基層民主政治的發(fā)展。其創(chuàng)新之處在于從政治學(xué)與法學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)相結(jié)合的角度來(lái)研究我國(guó)當(dāng)前黑惡勢(shì)力對(duì)基層民主政治的影響,從政治學(xué)、行政學(xué)的角度提出的建議對(duì)消除黑惡勢(shì)力影響,推進(jìn)基層民主政治建設(shè)有特殊的意義。不足之處是有些結(jié)論缺乏數(shù)量統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。 在第一章,筆者以黑手黨和青紅幫為例,對(duì)中外黑惡勢(shì)力的起源、蛻變、特征及對(duì)政治影響進(jìn)行了歷史考察。黑手黨起源于土地轉(zhuǎn)租者的出現(xiàn),加之西西里社會(huì)國(guó)家統(tǒng)治力量的薄弱,使得土地轉(zhuǎn)租者的活動(dòng)處于一個(gè)相對(duì)寬松的環(huán)境,有利于其勢(shì)力的鞏固和發(fā)展。青紅幫起源于人口膨脹、土地減少、游民嚴(yán)重,加之中國(guó)人的“結(jié)幫”意識(shí)以及專(zhuān)制政權(quán)的嚴(yán)酷統(tǒng)治。黑手黨蛻變的原因是莊園制度瓦解,土地轉(zhuǎn)租不再存在,同時(shí)中央政府權(quán)威確立,黑手黨成為公共政府的對(duì)立物,社會(huì)上功利主義盛行,黑手黨開(kāi)始追求實(shí)實(shí)在在的利益。青紅幫蛻變?yōu)楹谏鐣?huì)的原因是上海社會(huì)就業(yè)崗位嚴(yán)重不足,幫會(huì)成員擇業(yè)困難,上海半殖民地狀況形成租界“三不管”地區(qū),為青紅幫的蛻變提供了空間環(huán)境;同時(shí)傳統(tǒng)的義利觀念在近代上海社會(huì)遭到挑戰(zhàn),人們開(kāi)始不擇手段追求金錢(qián)。黑手黨的特征是勢(shì)力及活動(dòng)地域不斷擴(kuò)大,組織結(jié)構(gòu)日趨完整和嚴(yán)密,崇奉暴力,利用非法手段攫取財(cái)富。青紅幫的特征是勢(shì)力發(fā)展異常迅速,遍及全國(guó),組織體系嚴(yán)密,幫規(guī)會(huì)律
[Abstract]:This paper consists of an introduction and six chapters 21. The introduction includes the reasons and purposes of this study, the current situation of theoretical research, the content of this study, the key problems and main concepts, the research methods, the significance, innovation and shortcomings of this paper. The author thinks that the situation that the evil and criminal forces influence the grassroots politics is serious at present, so we must pay close attention to this problem. Under the guidance of Marxist political theory, this paper attempts to study the current situation of the influence of evil and criminal forces on grass-roots politics, the causes and the harm to democratic politics by means of investigation, research and theoretical induction. In order to further enrich the basic theories of political science and administration, the Party committees, the people's congresses and the governments at all levels are proposed to effectively contain the evil forces and promote the process of political democratization at the grass-roots level. The CPPCC organ provides the scientific basis for making decisions on democracy at the grassroots level. In the course of human history, the phenomenon of black and evil forces has a long history. Many scholars at home and abroad have carried out theoretical research on the issue of black and evil forces. Their academic achievements are very rich, showing the richness of the research contents and the interaction of the research team. The exploring and difference of research methods, the imperfection of political science research and so on. The core concept of this paper is black and evil forces, grassroots politics and democracy. The main research methods of this paper are "three combinations", that is, political science and law, sociology, positivism and logic, qualitative and quantitative. The theoretical significance of the study is to enrich and develop political science, and the theory of administrative science on the construction of democracy at the grass-roots level, and the practical significance lies in providing a reference basis for the decision of the Party committees and governments at all levels in our country on the construction of democratic politics at the grass-roots level. So as to promote the development of democracy at the grass-roots level in our country. Its innovation lies in the study of the influence of the current black and evil forces on the grass-roots democratic politics from the angle of the combination of politics, law and sociology, and the influence of the suggestions put forward from the angle of political science and administrative science on eliminating the evil forces. It is of special significance to promote the construction of democracy at the grassroots level. The deficiency is that some conclusions lack quantitative statistical analysis. In the first chapter, taking the Mafia and the Qing Hong Gang as examples, the author makes a historical investigation of the origin, transformation, characteristics and political influence of the criminal and evil forces at home and abroad. The Mafia originated from the emergence of land sublessees and the weak power of the Sicilian social state made the activities of the land sublessees in a relatively loose environment conducive to the consolidation and development of their forces. The Qing Hong Gang originated from the expansion of population, the decrease of land, the serious vagrants, the Chinese consciousness of "knot gang" and the harsh rule of autocratic regime. The reason for the transformation of the Mafia is the collapse of the manor system, the sublease of land no longer exists, the establishment of the authority of the central government, the mafia becoming the opposite of the public government, the prevailing utilitarianism in society, and the Mafia began to pursue real interests. The reason for the transformation of the Qing Hong Gang into the underworld is the serious shortage of social employment posts in Shanghai, the difficulties of the members of the gang in choosing a job, and the formation of "three regardless" areas in the semi-colonial conditions of Shanghai, which provides a space environment for the transformation of the Qing Hong Gang; At the same time, the traditional concept of justice and interest was challenged in modern Shanghai society, people began to pursue money by any means. The Mafia is characterized by the constant expansion of its influence and its active region, the increasingly complete and rigorous organizational structure, the worship of violence, and the use of illegal means to seize wealth. The characteristics of the Qing Hong Gang are that the forces are developing rapidly, all over the country, the organizational system is tight, and the gang rules and regulations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2004
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D621;D917

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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1 周博文;杜山澤;;關(guān)于地方黑惡勢(shì)力向農(nóng)村基層政權(quán)滲透問(wèn)題的若干思考[J];公安研究;2011年07期

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1 劉義強(qiáng);民主和諧論[D];華中師范大學(xué);2007年

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2 崔鵬飛;家族勢(shì)力對(duì)我國(guó)農(nóng)村基層民主制度執(zhí)行的負(fù)影響研究[D];東北大學(xué);2010年

3 趙飛;“村霸”現(xiàn)象及其治理的法律對(duì)策研究[D];吉林財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué);2013年

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