本文選題：未成年人　切入點：犯罪記錄　出處：《復(fù)旦大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：刑事犯罪記錄可以證明行為人曾經(jīng)在人格方面存在缺陷,故而實施了危害社會的行為。如果其再次實施刑事方面的危害社會的行為,通過法律規(guī)定的犯罪記錄報告制度,以及與之相配套的戶籍管理、檔案管理等制度,當事人在法律上將受到更嚴厲的制裁。刑事犯罪記錄報告制度對于打擊犯罪起到了震懾作用,但與未成年人保護法等相關(guān)法律相沖突,并未對成年人和未成年人予以區(qū)分對待,也不能真正體現(xiàn)有關(guān)法律和政策中確定的對其“教育、感化、挽救”的方針,對留有犯罪記錄的未成年人回歸社會造成了極大的障礙。由于未成年人具有不同于成年人的身心特點,所以國家和社會應(yīng)給予其更多的寬容、關(guān)愛和信任。因此,對未成年人犯罪記錄加以專題研究的重要性和必要性也更加凸顯。 全文共分為三大部分,具體由引言、六個主要章節(jié)和結(jié)語共同組成。 第一章,根據(jù)未成年人的特性,對未成年人犯罪特點進行了分析,明確指出我國的法律規(guī)定與未成年人犯罪記錄消滅制度存在的沖突。 第二章,具體理清了輕罪犯罪記錄和犯罪記錄消滅的基本概念和特征,從哲學、社會學、犯罪學、法理學等角度具體分析了輕罪犯罪記錄消滅制度存在的理論基礎(chǔ),為深入探究我國未成年人輕罪犯罪記錄消滅制度確立基本的邏輯起點。 第三章,為國外立法啟迪和國內(nèi)實踐探索部分。本章首先對國外未成年人輕微犯罪記錄消滅的相關(guān)法律進行介紹；其次,從未成年人的輕罪犯罪記錄消滅制度制定的社會背景著手,結(jié)合近些年來國內(nèi)實踐和理論方面的探索,對這一制度的構(gòu)建時機是否成熟進行了詳細闡述。 第四章,為制度構(gòu)建的可行性和意義部分。本章首先結(jié)合我國的具體法律規(guī)定和具體國情,提出這一制度構(gòu)建的可行性。此外,對這一制度構(gòu)建的意義從四個方面做了詳細分析,從而進一步表明了這一制度制定的必要性和緊迫性。 第五章,為制度具體構(gòu)思。立足我國實際,從適用范圍、方式和程序、法律效力等方面,系統(tǒng)闡述了未成年人輕罪犯罪記錄消滅制度的設(shè)計構(gòu)想,以實現(xiàn)未成年人輕罪犯罪記錄消滅的規(guī)范化、制度化。 第六章,從現(xiàn)實中如何更好地保證這一制度予以執(zhí)行、并達到其預(yù)想的法律和社會效果的角度出發(fā),對如何完善這一制度提出自己的建議。
[Abstract]:A criminal record can prove that the perpetrator had a personality defect and thus committed an act against society. If he commits a criminal offence against society again, he or she adopts the criminal record reporting system prescribed by law, As well as the corresponding household registration management, file management and other systems, the parties concerned will be subject to more severe sanctions in the law. The criminal record reporting system has played a deterrent role in cracking down on crime. However, conflicts with relevant laws such as the protection of minors do not discriminate between adults and minors, nor do they really reflect the policy of "education, probation and rescue" as defined in the relevant laws and policies. It is a great obstacle for minors with criminal records to return to society. Because minors have different physical and mental characteristics from adults, the state and society should give them more tolerance, care and trust. The importance and necessity of special research on juvenile delinquency record are also more prominent. The full text is divided into three parts: introduction, six main chapters and conclusion. The first chapter, according to the characteristics of minors, analyzes the characteristics of juvenile delinquency, and points out the conflict between the legal provisions of our country and the system of the elimination of juvenile criminal records. In the second chapter, the author clarifies the basic concepts and characteristics of misdemeanor criminal record and the elimination of criminal record, and analyzes the theoretical basis of the existence of the system from the angles of philosophy, sociology, criminology, jurisprudence and so on. To establish a basic logical starting point for further exploring the system of the elimination of minor misdemeanor records in our country. The third chapter, for the foreign legislation enlightenment and domestic practice exploration part. This chapter first carries on the introduction to the foreign minor minor crime record elimination related law; secondly, Starting from the social background of the establishment of the system of eliminating minor misdemeanor records and combining with the exploration of domestic practice and theory in recent years, this paper expounds in detail whether the time is ripe for the establishment of this system. The fourth chapter is the feasibility and significance of the system construction. Firstly, this chapter puts forward the feasibility of the system construction in combination with the specific legal provisions and the specific national conditions of our country. This paper makes a detailed analysis of the significance of the construction of this system from four aspects, and further indicates the necessity and urgency of the establishment of the system. The fifth chapter is the concrete conception of the system. Based on the reality of our country, this paper systematically expounds the design conception of the system of eliminating minor misdemeanor record from the aspects of the scope of application, the method and procedure, the legal effect, and so on. In order to achieve the minor minor crime record elimination standardization, institutionalization. In the sixth chapter, from the point of view of how to better guarantee the implementation of the system in reality and to achieve its anticipated legal and social effects, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the system.
【學位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C913.5;D925.2

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