本文選題：道德理由 + 內(nèi)在主義��； 參考：《學(xué)術(shù)月刊》2015年04期

【摘要】：道德理由是道德哲學(xué)的重要議題。從康德與休謨的理性主義與情感主義之爭,到今天的內(nèi)在主義與外在主義之爭,隨著道德哲學(xué)的演進(jìn),在道德理由上爭論的重點(diǎn)也發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)移。從論證來看,內(nèi)在主義與外在主義都有一定的合理之處,也有一些難以克服的缺陷。內(nèi)在主義注重道德理由與個(gè)人行為動(dòng)機(jī)之間的直接關(guān)聯(lián),卻忽視了道德理由不能簡單等同于個(gè)人的內(nèi)在理由。外在主義強(qiáng)調(diào)道德理由必須要尊重外部的道德原則,卻往往無力激發(fā)行為者以此行事。從當(dāng)代道德哲學(xué)的發(fā)展來看,內(nèi)在主義與外在主義之爭其實(shí)是反映了個(gè)人偏私的特殊性與不偏不倚的道德要求之間的關(guān)系。一個(gè)更加合理的道德理由必須同時(shí)滿足這兩方面的要求,既是特殊的,也是普遍的,既是內(nèi)在主義的,也是外在主義的。
[Abstract]:Moral reason is an important topic in moral philosophy. From the dispute between the rationalism and the emotism of Kant and Hume, to the controversy between the immanent and externalism today, with the evolution of the moral philosophy, the focus of the debate on moral reasons has also been transferred. From the argument, both the immanent and Externalism have some reasonable points, There are some insuperable defects. Immanent emphasizes the direct connection between moral reason and personal behavior motivation, but ignores that moral reasons cannot be simply equal to the inner reason of individual. Externalism emphasizes that moral reasons must respect external moral principles, but often do not motivate the actors to act. In the view of the development of the study, the dispute between immanent and externalism is actually a reflection of the relationship between the particularity of personal favoritism and the impartiality of moral requirements. A more reasonable moral reason must meet the requirements of these two aspects at the same time, both special and universal, both immanent and externalism.

【作者單位】： 上海社會(huì)科學(xué)院中國馬克思主義研究所;
【分類號(hào)】：B82

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本文編號(hào)：1790252