【摘要】：調(diào)查研究是認識事物的一種重要的方法,是辯證唯物主義認識論在實際生活中的具體運用,是把理論和實踐相結(jié)合的橋梁。作為偉大的馬克思主義中國化的開拓者,毛澤東歷來重視調(diào)查研究,尤其是在土地革命戰(zhàn)爭時期,為了認清中國的具體國情,探尋中國革命的正確道路,毛澤東逐漸擺脫各種思想的束縛,廣泛開展農(nóng)村調(diào)查,為制定正確的土地政策以及找到正確的革命道路作出了卓越的貢獻。土地革命戰(zhàn)爭時期,毛澤東開展了大量的農(nóng)村調(diào)查,以《尋烏調(diào)查》、《興國調(diào)查》、《才溪鄉(xiāng)調(diào)查》、《長岡鄉(xiāng)調(diào)查》最為典型,毛澤東的農(nóng)村調(diào)查對中國共產(chǎn)黨的土地政策有著巨大的影響,例如怎么界定階級成分、如何確定土地沒收范圍、怎么分配土地以及如何確定土地所有權(quán)問題等等。本文以辯證唯物主義和歷史唯物主義為指導(dǎo),首先分別梳理了毛澤東農(nóng)村調(diào)查的研究現(xiàn)狀和新民主主義革命時期土地政策的研究現(xiàn)狀,其中比較突出梳理了土地革命時期土地政策的研究現(xiàn)狀,另外對本文的研究方法、文章結(jié)構(gòu)以及創(chuàng)新點進行了簡要闡述;其次從世界歷史和無產(chǎn)階級革命歷史的角度來具體分析毛澤東農(nóng)村調(diào)查的緣起,而且著重介紹了認識中國革命的特殊性和一般性的重要性,并把毛澤東農(nóng)村調(diào)查的緣起落腳在土地革命戰(zhàn)爭時期土地問題的嚴(yán)峻性上;再次以歷史脈絡(luò)梳理土地革命戰(zhàn)爭時期毛澤東農(nóng)村調(diào)查的過程和內(nèi)容,并且學(xué)習(xí)借鑒學(xué)術(shù)界已有的研究成果,盡可能多的回歸原始文獻,采用文獻研究法和史論結(jié)合法,通過具體內(nèi)容分析土地革命戰(zhàn)爭時期毛澤東農(nóng)村調(diào)查對地主、富農(nóng)、中農(nóng)、貧雇農(nóng)土地政策的影響,來反映土地革命戰(zhàn)爭時期毛澤東農(nóng)村調(diào)查對土地政策的影響;最后通過毛澤東農(nóng)村調(diào)查對土地政策的影響,從為東方落后國家進行社會主義革命提供了借鑒、形成了解決改革發(fā)展基本問題的科學(xué)工作方法、為解決當(dāng)前的“三農(nóng)”問題提供了思路三個方面論述毛澤東農(nóng)村調(diào)查的時代價值。毛澤東農(nóng)村調(diào)查是實現(xiàn)馬克思主義中國化的重要一環(huán),在農(nóng)村調(diào)查實踐的基礎(chǔ)上形成的毛澤東農(nóng)村調(diào)查思想是毛澤東思想的重要組成部分。因此研究土地革命戰(zhàn)爭時期毛澤東農(nóng)村調(diào)查對土地政策的影響,有重要的理論意義和現(xiàn)實意義。
[Abstract]:Investigation and research is an important method of understanding things, the concrete application of dialectical materialism epistemology in real life, and the bridge between theory and practice. As a pioneer of the great Sinicization of Marxism, Mao Zedong has always attached great importance to investigation and research, especially during the Agrarian Revolutionary War, in order to recognize China's specific national conditions and explore the correct road of the Chinese revolution. Mao Zedong gradually broke away from the shackles of various thoughts and carried out extensive rural investigations, which made remarkable contributions to formulating correct land policy and finding the correct revolutionary path. During the Agrarian Revolution War, Mao Zedong carried out a large number of rural surveys, such as "investigation of seeking Wu", "investigation of Xingguo", "Survey of Cixi Township" and "Survey of Changgang Township". Mao Zedong's rural investigation has a great impact on the Communist Party of China's land policy, such as how to define class composition, how to determine the scope of land confiscation, how to allocate land and how to determine land ownership. Under the guidance of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, this paper firstly combs the research status of Mao Zedong's rural investigation and land policy during the New Democratic Revolution. Among them, the present research situation of land policy in the period of land revolution is highlighted, in addition, the research method, structure and innovation of this paper are briefly expounded. Secondly, from the point of view of world history and proletarian revolutionary history, this paper concretely analyzes the origin of Mao Zedong's rural investigation, and emphasizes on the understanding of the particularity and general importance of Chinese revolution. And the origin of Mao Zedong's rural investigation lies in the severity of the land problem during the Agrarian Revolutionary War, and the process and content of the rural investigation during the Agrarian Revolutionary War period are again sorted out in the historical context. And learn from the existing academic research results, as much as possible to return to the original literature, using the method of literature research and historical theory combined method, through the specific content analysis of Mao Zedong rural survey of landlords, rich peasants, middle peasants during the Agrarian Revolution War. To reflect the impact of Mao Zedong's rural survey on land policy during the Agrarian Revolution War; finally, the impact of the rural survey on land policy through Mao Zedong's rural survey. From the perspective of providing reference for the socialist revolution in the backward countries of the East and forming a scientific working method to solve the basic problems of reform and development, In order to solve the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, this paper discusses the age value of Mao Zedong's rural investigation in three aspects. Mao Zedong's rural investigation is an important part of the realization of Marxism in China. On the basis of the practice of rural investigation, the rural investigation thought of Mao Zedong is an important part of the thought of Mao Zedong. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the influence of Mao Zedong's rural investigation on land policy during the Agrarian Revolutionary War.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D231

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