【摘要】：煤炭資源開發(fā)這一經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)在推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)發(fā)展的同時(shí)也為我國(guó)帶來(lái)了嚴(yán)重的資源耗損和環(huán)境污染等問題,制約了煤炭開發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。在目前大力推行生態(tài)文明建設(shè)、轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式的社會(huì)環(huán)境下,煤炭資源開發(fā)利益相關(guān)者的效益訴求有所改變,其關(guān)注焦點(diǎn)從煤炭資源開發(fā)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)的積極影響轉(zhuǎn)移到綜合考察其在經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、資源和環(huán)境各方面的影響上,因而構(gòu)建生態(tài)文明視角下煤炭資源開發(fā)效益評(píng)價(jià)估算模型,對(duì)煤炭資源開發(fā)產(chǎn)生的各方面影響以貨幣化方式進(jìn)行量化和評(píng)價(jià),能清楚、直觀地反映煤炭資源開發(fā)所產(chǎn)生的效益大小,這既是在符合國(guó)家生態(tài)文明建設(shè)趨勢(shì)下,正確認(rèn)識(shí)煤炭資源開發(fā)在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中貢獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ),也是為推動(dòng)煤炭資源開發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)行政策改革并進(jìn)而提高其效益提供有效途徑。首先,對(duì)生態(tài)文明發(fā)展與煤炭資源開發(fā)效益的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了分析,并認(rèn)為生態(tài)文明下的生態(tài)倫理觀將會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)變?nèi)祟悓?duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的效益訴求和關(guān)注焦點(diǎn)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)煤炭資源開發(fā)的利益相關(guān)者在不同文明階段的效益要求進(jìn)行分析,并著重探討了生態(tài)文明建設(shè)下各利益相關(guān)者的訴求,進(jìn)而總結(jié)得出生態(tài)文明視角下煤炭資源開發(fā)效益是由經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、資源和環(huán)境四方面效益組成的綜合效益,并結(jié)合已有研究,從對(duì)象范圍、影響方式等角度對(duì)各效益內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分析。最后探討了生態(tài)文明視角下煤炭資源開發(fā)效益的主要特征,主要包括:復(fù)合性、延展性、滯后性和系統(tǒng)性。其次,確定國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)價(jià)中“費(fèi)用-效益”方法為本文主要評(píng)價(jià)方法。依據(jù)相關(guān)原則對(duì)各效益指標(biāo)進(jìn)行篩選和分析后,分別構(gòu)建經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、資源、環(huán)境四種效益的評(píng)價(jià)估算模型,并進(jìn)一步得出生態(tài)文明視角煤炭資源開發(fā)綜合效益的評(píng)價(jià)估算模型。最后,選取效益評(píng)價(jià)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。最后,選取我國(guó)規(guī)模以上煤炭開采和洗選業(yè)2008-2013年數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究,并分別對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、資源、環(huán)境以及綜合效益的發(fā)展情況進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)分析和原因總結(jié)。實(shí)證結(jié)果表明:我國(guó)煤炭資源開發(fā)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益在2008最好,2012年最差,整體趨勢(shì)較難判斷;社會(huì)效益在2008年最差,2013年最好,整體上處于變好趨勢(shì);資源效益在2013年最差,2009年最好,整體上處于變差趨勢(shì);環(huán)境效益在2008年最差,2012年最好,整體上處于變好趨勢(shì)。而綜合效益在2008年最差,2011年最好,在2008-2011年呈變好趨勢(shì),2012-2013年呈變差趨勢(shì)。針對(duì)實(shí)證結(jié)果:本文從控制產(chǎn)能、完善煤礦工死亡賠償制度、構(gòu)建生態(tài)補(bǔ)償激勵(lì)機(jī)制、推動(dòng)煤炭綠色開采產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈延伸等方面提出政策建議。
[Abstract]:The exploitation of coal resources not only promotes the economic and social development, but also brings serious problems such as resource depletion and environmental pollution to our country, which restricts the development of coal exploitation industry. At present, under the social environment of carrying out ecological civilization construction and transforming economic development mode, the benefit demands of stakeholders in coal resource development have changed, and their focus is from coal resource development to economy. The positive influence of society is transferred to the comprehensive investigation of its influence in economic, social, resource and environmental aspects. Therefore, the evaluation and estimation model of coal resources development benefit from the perspective of ecological civilization is constructed. Quantifying and evaluating the impacts of coal resources exploitation in monetized way can clearly and intuitively reflect the benefit of coal resources development, which is in line with the trend of the construction of national ecological civilization. The correct understanding of the contribution of coal resources development in the national economy is also an effective way to promote the policy reform of coal resources development industry and then to improve its benefits. Firstly, the relationship between the development of ecological civilization and the benefit of coal resources development is analyzed, and the ecological ethics under the ecological civilization will change the benefit demand and focus of human's economic activities. On this basis, the paper analyzes the benefit requirements of stakeholders in different civilization stages of coal resource exploitation, and emphatically discusses the demands of stakeholders under the construction of ecological civilization. Then it is concluded that the benefit of coal resources development from the perspective of ecological civilization is a comprehensive benefit composed of economic, social, resource and environmental benefits, and combined with the existing research, from the scope of the object, Influence mode and so on angle to carry on the analysis to each benefit content. Finally, the main characteristics of the benefit of coal resources exploitation from the perspective of ecological civilization are discussed, including: compound, extensibility, lag and systematicness. Secondly, the method of "cost-benefit" in the national economy evaluation is determined as the main evaluation method in this paper. After the selection and analysis of each benefit index according to the relevant principles, the evaluation and estimation models of economic, social, resource and environmental benefits are constructed respectively. Furthermore, the evaluation and estimation model of comprehensive benefit of coal resources development from the perspective of ecological civilization is obtained. Finally, select the criteria of benefit evaluation. Finally, the data of coal mining and washing industry in China from 2008 to 2013 are selected for empirical research, and the development of economy, society, resources, environment and comprehensive benefits are evaluated and summarized. The empirical results show that the economic benefit of coal resources development in China is the best in 2008, the worst in 2012, and the overall trend is difficult to judge, the social benefit is the worst in 2008, the best in 2013, and it is in a better trend as a whole. Resource benefits were the worst in 2013, the best in 2009, and generally worse; and environmental benefits were the worst in 2008, the best in 2012, and overall in a better trend. The comprehensive benefit was the worst in 2008, the best in 2011, the better in 2008-2011, and the worse in 2012-2013. According to the empirical results, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions from the aspects of controlling the production capacity, perfecting the compensation system for the death of coal miners, constructing the ecological compensation incentive mechanism, and promoting the extension of the green coal mining industry chain.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F426.21

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