【摘要】：隨著國民經濟的快速發(fā)展,我國中小型裝配企業(yè)為了在日益激烈的市場競爭中占據(jù)一席之地,將原先大批量生產方式轉換成多品種小批量的柔性生產方式,這種生產方式具有產品種類多、產品之間特征差別小、生產存在很大變數(shù)等特點,這無疑會給裝配線物料配送帶來很大困難,企業(yè)必須在正確的時間將正確數(shù)量的物料送到正確的工位上才能保證裝配線順利生產。因此,研究裝配型企業(yè)物料配送對我國中小型裝配型企業(yè)的新型生產方式具有非常重要的意義。論文以物料配送為主線,結合S企業(yè)空調裝配線配送中存在的問題,找到解決該企業(yè)物料配送問題的方法。為了達到上述目的,本文從以下四個方面進行研究。首先闡述本文選題的背景及研究意義,并對國內外有關裝配線物料配送的文獻進行綜述,綜述的內容主要包括裝配線物料配送的理論研究及裝配線物料配送的模型構建及算法研究兩個方面。其次以S企業(yè)空調裝配線物料配送為研究對象,分析在現(xiàn)有的配送模式下,該企業(yè)物料配送存在的問題,并提出解決問題的思路:通過對S企業(yè)的實地調研,發(fā)現(xiàn)企業(yè)內部物料配送問題主要存在于兩個方面,一個是原材料的準時配送,另一個是由原材料組裝而來的半成品的準時配送。在車間內部沒有物料存儲區(qū)以及原先的倉儲管理混亂導致原材料配送準時性得不到保證,而半成品配送路徑的不合理是造成半成品配送準時性得不到保證的主要原因。再次,結合S企業(yè)實際生產情況,對原有的設施布局進行優(yōu)化,在車間內部規(guī)劃出物料存儲區(qū),并使用ABC分類法對物料的存儲進行優(yōu)化,提高原材料的揀選效率,縮短原材料配送響應時間,從而保證原材料配送的準時性,在解決了原材料配送的問題之后,對半成品配送路徑進行優(yōu)化,指出半成品配送屬于車輛路徑問題,以及確定物料需求工位的時間窗類型,建立企業(yè)內部半成品配送VRPTW數(shù)學模型,通過對各種求解車輛路徑問題方法的比較,確定采取遺傳算法進行求解,并對遺傳算法算子進行設計,采用Microsoft Visual Studio軟件編程遺傳算法來求解企業(yè)內部半成品配送的VRPTW模型,繼而完成半成品配送問題的優(yōu)化,半成品配送路徑優(yōu)化后單次配送成本降低349.1元,配送路徑優(yōu)化后的總配送成本比配送路徑優(yōu)化前節(jié)約18.3%。最后用Witness仿真軟件對S企業(yè)生產系統(tǒng)進行仿真,通過與配送優(yōu)化前對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)完成原材料和半成品配送問題優(yōu)化后,對S企業(yè)生產有積極性的影響,產品產量得到提高,空調外機日產量提高6臺,內機日產量提高8臺,從而進一步驗證了本文研究的實際意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the national economy, in order to occupy a place in the increasingly fierce market competition, the small and medium-sized assembly enterprises of our country have converted the original mass production mode into the flexible production mode of multi-variety and small batch production. This mode of production is characterized by a wide variety of products, small differences in product characteristics, and great variables in production. This will undoubtedly bring great difficulties to the distribution of materials on the assembly line. Enterprises must deliver the correct quantity of materials to the correct work station at the right time to ensure the assembly line production smoothly. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the material distribution of assembly enterprises for the new mode of production of small and medium-sized assembly enterprises in our country. Based on the main line of material distribution and the problems existing in the distribution of air conditioning assembly line in S enterprise, the method to solve the problem of material distribution in this enterprise is found in this paper. In order to achieve the above purpose, this paper carries on the research from the following four aspects. First of all, the background and significance of this topic are expounded, and the literature on material distribution of assembly line is summarized. The content includes the theoretical research of assembly line material distribution and the model construction and algorithm research of assembly line material distribution. Secondly, taking the material distribution of air conditioning assembly line in S enterprise as the research object, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the material distribution of the enterprise under the existing distribution mode, and puts forward some ideas to solve the problem: through the field investigation of S enterprise, It is found that the internal material distribution problem mainly exists in two aspects, one is the on-time distribution of raw materials, the other is the just-in-time distribution of semi-finished products assembled from raw materials. In the workshop there is no material storage area and the original storage management confusion leads to the raw material distribution punctuality can not be guaranteed and the unreasonable delivery path of semi-finished goods is the main reason for the semi-finished goods delivery punctuality can not be guaranteed. Thirdly, according to the actual production situation of S enterprise, the layout of the original facilities is optimized, the material storage area is planned out in the workshop, and the material storage is optimized by using ABC classification to improve the picking efficiency of raw materials. In order to shorten the response time of raw material distribution and ensure the timeliness of raw material distribution, after solving the problem of raw material distribution, the semi-finished product distribution route is optimized, and it is pointed out that semi-finished product distribution belongs to vehicle routing problem. The time window type of material demand station is determined, the VRPTW mathematical model of internal semi-finished product distribution is established, and the genetic algorithm is adopted to solve the vehicle routing problem through the comparison of various methods to solve the vehicle routing problem. The genetic algorithm operator is designed and the genetic algorithm is programmed by Microsoft Visual Studio software to solve the VRPTW model of the semi-finished product distribution in the enterprise, and then the optimization of the semi-finished product distribution problem is completed. After the optimization of semi-finished product distribution route, the cost of single distribution is reduced by 349.1 yuan, and the total distribution cost after optimization of distribution path is 18.3% less than that before the optimization of distribution path. Finally, the production system of S enterprise is simulated with Witness software. By comparing with distribution optimization, it is found that the optimization of raw materials and semi-finished products has a positive effect on S enterprise production, and the product output is improved. The daily output of external air conditioning machine and inner machine are increased by 6 and 8 respectively, which further verifies the practical significance of this study.
【學位授予單位】：南京農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F426.6;F252

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本文編號：2184054