高中地理野外探究活動的設(shè)計與實施
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-31 12:57
【摘要】：伴隨著地理新課程改革的推進,地理野外探究活動日益登上地理教學(xué)舞臺。地理野外探究活動的實施是以提高學(xué)生的地理科學(xué)素養(yǎng)為目的；是高中生心理發(fā)展的需要；是落實新課改“四基”目標的需要；是適應(yīng)新高考變化趨勢的需要；是鄉(xiāng)土教育的需要。開展地理野外探究活動有利于豐富地理教學(xué),提高學(xué)生的地理學(xué)習(xí)興趣；有助于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的地理科學(xué)素養(yǎng)；有助于倡導(dǎo)多元的學(xué)習(xí)方式；有利于開發(fā)校外地理課程資源；為學(xué)生提供思想教育的好課堂。因此,本文的研究可以為地理野外探究活動的實施提供參考。本文運用了問卷調(diào)查法、文獻內(nèi)容分析法、訪談法、實地調(diào)查法、行動研究法等研究方法。首先,梳理了地理野外探究活動的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀；界定了地理野外探究活動的概念；闡述了活動實施的哲學(xué)、教育學(xué)、教育心理學(xué)、地理學(xué)理論基礎(chǔ)和地理教學(xué)理論。其次,調(diào)查了陜西洋縣高中地理野外探究活動的實施；分析了地理野外探究活動實施相關(guān)情況和存在的問題；提出了解決問題的四條措施。然后,分析了中圖版必修教材中地理野外探究活動的分布和內(nèi)容；提出了地理野外探究活動實施遵循的四條原則、活動的兩種形式、具體的實施步驟、評價的原則、評價的內(nèi)容、評價的方法。再次,列舉了地理野外探究活動的兩個案例——朱瀗生活習(xí)性探究、黑稻種植條件探究,佐證了地理野外探究活動實施的整個過程。最后,本文得出以下結(jié)論：(1)地理野外探究活動是一種特殊的野外實踐活動和研究性學(xué)習(xí)地理野外探究活動結(jié)合了野外實踐活動和研究性學(xué)習(xí),比實踐活動更具問題性,比研究性學(xué)習(xí)更具實踐性、活動場所開放性,活動過程中強調(diào)發(fā)現(xiàn)問題和對未知領(lǐng)域的研究,具有問題性、鄉(xiāng)土性、實踐性、探究性、自主性特點。(2)高中地理教材中地理野外探究活動內(nèi)容豐富中圖版高中地理必修教材中探究活動主要分布在探究、討論、思考等欄目。必修Ⅰ探究活動主要集中在第二、三、四章,研究地質(zhì)地貌、植被、生物、氣候、河流、災(zāi)害和人類活動的影響；必修Ⅱ探究活動主要集中在第一、二、三章,研究人口流動、城市發(fā)展、農(nóng)業(yè)、工業(yè)和交通；必修Ⅲ探究活動主要集中在第二章,研究人類活動帶來的各種問題。(3)地理野外探究活動實施瓶頸較多,師生對野外探究活動內(nèi)容不慎了解首先,學(xué)校很少開展地理野外探究活動。其次,教師在教學(xué)中對地理野外探究活動講解不夠。另外,家長對地理野外探究活動支持度不夠。此外,學(xué)生對地理野外實踐活動實施的相關(guān)內(nèi)容掌握不夠,教師自身野外探究活動知識儲備欠缺,活動指導(dǎo)能力不強。目前需要提高師生對地理野外探究活動的認知,構(gòu)建地理野外探究活動實施方案,創(chuàng)設(shè)地理野外探究活動評價體系,家校聯(lián)系創(chuàng)設(shè)地理野外探究活動場所改變地理野外探究活動現(xiàn)狀。(4)地理野外探究活動實施要遵循以教師為主導(dǎo),學(xué)生為主體,自主探究；科學(xué)性與思想教育相統(tǒng)一；探索性與量力性相結(jié)合；理論與實際相結(jié)合四條原則。野外探究活動有集體活動和小組活動兩種普遍地組織形式,實施主要環(huán)節(jié)是：創(chuàng)設(shè)探究情境——提出問題——提出假設(shè),確定研究方向和主題——制定計劃—實地探究,收集資料——整體分析,解釋問題——交流表達形成結(jié)論。地理野外探究活動評價要遵循差異性、過程性、多元性、激勵性原則；評價的內(nèi)容主要是對地理野外探究活動質(zhì)量,學(xué)生探究能力,情感、態(tài)度和價值觀；評價方法主要是目標評價法、成果分析法、評定量表法、自評和他評。
[Abstract]:With the advancement of the new geography curriculum reform, the geographical field exploration activities are increasingly on the stage of geography teaching. The implementation of the geographical field inquiry activities is aimed at improving the students' geographical scientific literacy, the needs of the high school students' psychological development, the need for the implementation of the "four base" goal of the new curriculum reform, and the need to adapt to the changing trend of the new college entrance examination. It is the need of local education. It is beneficial to enrich geography teaching and improve students' interest in geography learning; help to cultivate students' geographical scientific literacy; help to promote multiple learning methods; be beneficial to the development of school geography curriculum resources; provide students with a good class of ideological education. Therefore, The study of this paper can provide reference for the implementation of geographical field inquiry activities. This paper uses questionnaire survey method, literature content analysis method, interview method, field investigation method, action research method and other research methods. First, it combs the research status of geographical field exploration activities at home and abroad, defines the concept of geographical field exploration activities; expounds the concept of geographical field exploration activities; The implementation of the philosophy, pedagogy, educational psychology, geography theory basis and geography teaching theory. Secondly, the investigation of the implementation of the geography field exploration activities in Yangxian County high school in Shaanxi; analysis of the implementation of the geographical field exploration activities and the existing problems; put forward four measures to solve the problem. Then, the analysis of the medium plate The distribution and content of geography field inquiry activities in compulsory teaching materials, four principles followed in the implementation of geographical field exploration activities, two forms of activities, specific implementation steps, the principles of evaluation, the content of evaluation, and the methods of evaluation. Again, two cases of geographical field exploration activities are enumerated. The investigation of the conditions of the cultivation of black rice proves the whole process of the implementation of the geographical field exploration. Finally, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the geographical field inquiry activity is a special field practice activity and a research study geography field inquiry activity combined with field practice and research study, which is more problematic than practical activities. The research study is more practical, the activity place is open, the activity process emphasizes the discovery of problems and the research on the unknown field. It is problematic, local, practical, exploratory and autonomous. (2) the exploration activities in the geography field inquiry activities in high school geography textbooks are mainly distributed in the high school geography compulsory teaching materials. Inquiry, discussion, thinking and other columns. The required research activities are mainly concentrated in second, third, four chapters, studying the effects of geological and geomorphology, vegetation, biology, climate, rivers, disasters and human activities; the compulsory II exploration activities are mainly concentrated in first, second, three, research on the flow of human mouth, urban development, agriculture, industry and transportation. We should focus on the second chapters, and study the various problems brought by human activities. (3) there are many bottlenecks in the implementation of the field exploration activities. First, the students are inadvertently aware of the field exploration activities. The schools rarely carry out the geographical field exploration activities. Secondly, teachers do not explain the geography field exploration activities in the teaching. In addition, parents are on the geographical field exploration. In addition, the students are not enough to carry out the relevant contents of the practice of the field practice, the knowledge of the field exploration activities of the teachers is short and the ability to guide the activities is not strong. At present, the knowledge of the geography field exploration activities should be improved by the teachers and students, the implementation plan of the geographical field exploration activities is built, and the geographical field exploration is created. To investigate the system of activity evaluation, home school connects the location of geographical field exploration activities to change the current situation of geographical field exploration. (4) the implementation of geographical field inquiry activities should follow the guidance of teachers, students as the main body, independent inquiry, unity of science and ideological education, combination of exploration and measurement, and four combination of theory and practice. Principle. Field exploration activities have two general forms of collective and group activities. The main link is to create the inquiry situation - to put forward the questions - to put forward the hypothesis, to determine the direction and the subject of the study - to make a plan - to explore the field, to collect the information - the whole analysis, to explain the problem - to communicate and express the conclusion. The evaluation of geographical field inquiry activities should follow the difference, process, diversity, and incentive principle. The content of the evaluation is mainly on the quality of geographical field exploration activities, students' inquiry ability, emotion, attitude and values. The evaluation method is mainly target evaluation method, results analysis method, assessment scale method, self evaluation and his evaluation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G633.55
本文編號：2155650
[Abstract]:With the advancement of the new geography curriculum reform, the geographical field exploration activities are increasingly on the stage of geography teaching. The implementation of the geographical field inquiry activities is aimed at improving the students' geographical scientific literacy, the needs of the high school students' psychological development, the need for the implementation of the "four base" goal of the new curriculum reform, and the need to adapt to the changing trend of the new college entrance examination. It is the need of local education. It is beneficial to enrich geography teaching and improve students' interest in geography learning; help to cultivate students' geographical scientific literacy; help to promote multiple learning methods; be beneficial to the development of school geography curriculum resources; provide students with a good class of ideological education. Therefore, The study of this paper can provide reference for the implementation of geographical field inquiry activities. This paper uses questionnaire survey method, literature content analysis method, interview method, field investigation method, action research method and other research methods. First, it combs the research status of geographical field exploration activities at home and abroad, defines the concept of geographical field exploration activities; expounds the concept of geographical field exploration activities; The implementation of the philosophy, pedagogy, educational psychology, geography theory basis and geography teaching theory. Secondly, the investigation of the implementation of the geography field exploration activities in Yangxian County high school in Shaanxi; analysis of the implementation of the geographical field exploration activities and the existing problems; put forward four measures to solve the problem. Then, the analysis of the medium plate The distribution and content of geography field inquiry activities in compulsory teaching materials, four principles followed in the implementation of geographical field exploration activities, two forms of activities, specific implementation steps, the principles of evaluation, the content of evaluation, and the methods of evaluation. Again, two cases of geographical field exploration activities are enumerated. The investigation of the conditions of the cultivation of black rice proves the whole process of the implementation of the geographical field exploration. Finally, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the geographical field inquiry activity is a special field practice activity and a research study geography field inquiry activity combined with field practice and research study, which is more problematic than practical activities. The research study is more practical, the activity place is open, the activity process emphasizes the discovery of problems and the research on the unknown field. It is problematic, local, practical, exploratory and autonomous. (2) the exploration activities in the geography field inquiry activities in high school geography textbooks are mainly distributed in the high school geography compulsory teaching materials. Inquiry, discussion, thinking and other columns. The required research activities are mainly concentrated in second, third, four chapters, studying the effects of geological and geomorphology, vegetation, biology, climate, rivers, disasters and human activities; the compulsory II exploration activities are mainly concentrated in first, second, three, research on the flow of human mouth, urban development, agriculture, industry and transportation. We should focus on the second chapters, and study the various problems brought by human activities. (3) there are many bottlenecks in the implementation of the field exploration activities. First, the students are inadvertently aware of the field exploration activities. The schools rarely carry out the geographical field exploration activities. Secondly, teachers do not explain the geography field exploration activities in the teaching. In addition, parents are on the geographical field exploration. In addition, the students are not enough to carry out the relevant contents of the practice of the field practice, the knowledge of the field exploration activities of the teachers is short and the ability to guide the activities is not strong. At present, the knowledge of the geography field exploration activities should be improved by the teachers and students, the implementation plan of the geographical field exploration activities is built, and the geographical field exploration is created. To investigate the system of activity evaluation, home school connects the location of geographical field exploration activities to change the current situation of geographical field exploration. (4) the implementation of geographical field inquiry activities should follow the guidance of teachers, students as the main body, independent inquiry, unity of science and ideological education, combination of exploration and measurement, and four combination of theory and practice. Principle. Field exploration activities have two general forms of collective and group activities. The main link is to create the inquiry situation - to put forward the questions - to put forward the hypothesis, to determine the direction and the subject of the study - to make a plan - to explore the field, to collect the information - the whole analysis, to explain the problem - to communicate and express the conclusion. The evaluation of geographical field inquiry activities should follow the difference, process, diversity, and incentive principle. The content of the evaluation is mainly on the quality of geographical field exploration activities, students' inquiry ability, emotion, attitude and values. The evaluation method is mainly target evaluation method, results analysis method, assessment scale method, self evaluation and his evaluation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G633.55
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