【摘要】： 在中國(guó)諸多的少數(shù)民族中,黎族聚居最為集中的海南省,其保留自身傳統(tǒng)文化較為完整,但以文身為代表的文化遺存正在飛速的消亡中,這種在當(dāng)今社會(huì)難以傳承的獨(dú)特民族文化,對(duì)于研究海南黎族文化歷史發(fā)展、民族原始崇拜、社會(huì)制度等具有極高的價(jià)值。無論從黎族文身的施文程序、材料,還是文身的圖形符號(hào),都可以深層次的挖掘這一民族古老的民族習(xí)俗、審美意識(shí)。揭開我國(guó)最南部地區(qū)少數(shù)民族的神秘面紗,讓人們不僅深入的了解黎族文身的全部?jī)?nèi)容,更可以透過文身去窺視其所帶來的社會(huì)性影響與價(jià)值。 海南黎族文身的起源具有著諸多美麗悠久的傳說,在具備世界其他民族文身共有的普遍性外自身也具有著獨(dú)特的生存環(huán)境與宗教信仰,隨著海南黎族的歷史變遷,文身這一特殊文化在漫長(zhǎng)的歷史長(zhǎng)河中存留下來,必然有其獨(dú)特的功能和作用。黎族分哈、杞、潤(rùn)、美孚和賽五個(gè)支系,即五種方言,各方言的文身圖式各不相同,比較和研究各支系的文身圖式可以幫助我們分析和研究不同支系聚居區(qū)的個(gè)體特征與整體趨同,也能更好的理解文身產(chǎn)生及發(fā)展的功能作用。并且通過黎族文身圖式的象征意義去探尋黎錦圖案和相關(guān)民俗用具的裝飾特征,分析文身符號(hào)對(duì)于黎錦等民族工藝的裝飾性、審美性的影響,以及黎民族對(duì)圖騰的信仰。使得我們能夠更加清晰的對(duì)比黎族與同源民族在文身文化現(xiàn)象中的異同。 在研究黎族文身文化的研究過程中一個(gè)十分重要的研究方向是不能夠被忽視的,那就是其社會(huì)性價(jià)值的分析。通過對(duì)于圖騰崇拜、婚姻標(biāo)志、求吉避邪等功能的分析及在生產(chǎn)工具、裝飾性中的積極影響,能夠歸納出海南黎族文身的審美價(jià)值,也便充分說明及驗(yàn)證了其客觀存在的社會(huì)性價(jià)值。 由于海南黎族文身具有鮮明的不可復(fù)制性,因而通過對(duì)其調(diào)查研究后必然要思索和提出對(duì)這一獨(dú)特文化的傳承與保護(hù),面對(duì)普及文化保護(hù)及觀念意識(shí)淡泊的現(xiàn)實(shí)情況,在充分了解現(xiàn)有保護(hù)情況及不足的情況下,提出加大政府投入、形成保護(hù)機(jī)制,重視傳統(tǒng)黎族文身的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義等主張以最大程度的保護(hù),使得這一獨(dú)特的非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)得以延續(xù)。
[Abstract]:Among the many ethnic minorities in China, Hainan Province, where the Li nationality is most concentrated, retains its own traditional culture more completely, but the cultural relics represented by tattoos are rapidly dying out. This unique national culture, which is difficult to inherit in today's society, is of great value for the study of the historical development of Li nationality culture in Hainan, the primitive worship of nationalities and the social system. No matter from the program, material or graphic symbol of Li nationality tattoo, we can dig deep into the ancient national custom and aesthetic consciousness of this nationality. By uncovering the mystery of minority nationalities in the southernmost part of our country, people can not only understand the whole content of Li nationality tattoo, but also peek into the social influence and value brought by it through tattoos. The origin of Hainan Li nationality tattoo has many beautiful and long legends, and it also has its own unique living environment and religious belief in addition to the universality shared by other nationalities in the world, with the historical changes of Hainan Li nationality. Tattoo, a special culture, must have its unique function and function in the long history. The Li nationality is divided into five dialects: ha, Qi, run, Mei Foo and Sai, which have different tattooing schemas. Comparing and studying the tattoo schemas of different branches can help us to analyze and study the individual characteristics and the whole convergence of different branches, and can also better understand the function of tattoo generation and development. And through the symbolic meaning of Li nationality tattoo schema to explore the decorative characteristics of Li Jin pattern and related folk appliances, analyze the decorative, aesthetic impact of tattooing symbols on Li brocade and other national crafts, as well as Li nationality's belief in totem. So that we can more clearly compare the similarities and differences between the Li nationality and the homologous nationality in the phenomenon of tattoo culture. In the process of studying Li nationality tattoo culture, a very important research direction can not be ignored, that is, the analysis of its social value. Through the analysis of the functions of totem worship, marriage sign, seeking good fortune and evading evil, and the positive influence in production tools and decoration, the aesthetic value of Hainan Li tattoo can be summed up. It also fully explains and verifies its objective social value. Because the tattoos of Li nationality in Hainan are inreproducible, it is necessary to think about and put forward the inheritance and protection of this unique culture after investigation and study, and to face the reality of universal cultural protection and lack of consciousness. On the condition of fully understanding the current situation and deficiency of protection, it is proposed to increase government investment, form a protection mechanism, and attach importance to the practical significance of the traditional Li nationality tattoo in order to protect it to the greatest extent. This unique intangible cultural heritage can continue.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：C95

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 潘姝雯;海南黎族服裝研究及設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐[D];北京服裝學(xué)院;2010年

2 宋鷹文;文身圖案設(shè)計(jì)的視覺解析[D];吉林大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：2337956