本文選題：回鶻　切入點(diǎn)：絲綢之路　出處：《西北民族大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：回鶻是歷史上活躍于中國(guó)北方的古代少數(shù)民族,也是今天維吾爾族和裕固族的共同祖先。其最早在蒙古高原一帶,屬文化比較落后的游牧民族;"安史之亂"的爆發(fā),促使了"回鶻路"的開通,而回鶻因此發(fā)展壯大,如其可借助"回鶻路"源源不斷地吸收來自唐朝以及中亞、西亞的文化。可以說,該路不僅維系著唐與西域的聯(lián)系,還為回鶻文明的發(fā)展提供了契機(jī),如粟特文明、唐朝文明都是通過這條道路而傳播于回鶻的。840年,回鶻汗國(guó)被黠戛斯擊敗,部落外遷,一支向南逃入唐朝境內(nèi),無果而終。另外三支西遷,一支投河西走廊,一支西遷新疆,還有一支到了中亞楚河流域一帶。河西走廊與新疆地處絲路咽喉,因此遷入二地的回鶻部眾自然也與絲綢之路發(fā)生了密不可分的關(guān)系�；佞X西遷之前,河西西域即已形成了一條比較成熟的產(chǎn)、供、銷體系,這一傳統(tǒng)為西遷后的回鶻所承襲。回鶻在商貿(mào)方面發(fā)揚(yáng)光大了舊有的貿(mào)易體系,與周邊民族的貿(mào)易往來更是廣泛、密切,如中原王朝、女真、契丹,西夏、西藏乃至遠(yuǎn)方的波斯、大秦、印度,都有商業(yè)聯(lián)系;在文化上,回鶻則借由絲綢之路而在更大規(guī)模上承載著東西方文化交流的歷史重任。回鶻一方面融合吸納中原漢文化,同時(shí)還學(xué)習(xí)吐蕃、印度文化,以及西方的波斯、希臘文化;足見其海納百川之氣勢(shì),學(xué)貫中西之格局。正因此,后來的西夏、蒙古紛紛在建國(guó)之初啟用回鶻人服務(wù)于當(dāng)朝�；佞X人自宋代起直至元代,還一直扮演著向西北各民族介紹漢文化的角色;比如歷史上由少數(shù)民族統(tǒng)治的時(shí)期,契丹、女真、黨項(xiàng)、蒙古等能夠順利接納漢文化,都離不開回鶻人的銜接作用。足見回鶻文化的發(fā)展得益于絲綢之路上輝煌的古代文明,而回鶻又給絲綢之路文明的發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)良多。
[Abstract]:The Uighur is an ancient minority active in the north of China, and a common ancestor of the Uygur and Yugur ethnic groups today. The Uighur was the earliest nomadic people with relatively backward culture along the Mongolian plateau; the outbreak of the "Anshi Rebellion." This led to the opening of the "Uighur Road", and the Uighur became stronger and stronger. For example, the Uighur Road continued to absorb cultures from the Tang Dynasty and Central and Western Asia. It can be said that this road not only maintains the ties between the Tang Dynasty and the Western regions, It also provided an opportunity for the development of the Uyghur civilization, such as the Sogut civilization, through which the civilization of the Tang Dynasty spread to the Uighur. In 840, the Uyghur khanate was defeated by Cleghtas, the tribes moved out of the country, and a branch fled south into the territory of the Tang Dynasty. The other three branches moved to the west, one to Hexi Corridor, one to Xinjiang, and one to Central Asia's Chu River Basin. The Hexi Corridor and Xinjiang are located in the throat of the Silk Road. Therefore, the Uighur who moved into the two places naturally had a close relationship with the Silk Road. Before the Uighur moved westward, a relatively mature production, supply and marketing system had been formed in the western region of Hexi. This tradition was inherited by the Uighur who moved to the west. The Uighur carried forward the old trading system in trade and commerce, and its trade contacts with the surrounding nationalities were even more extensive and close, such as the Central Plains Dynasty, Nu Zhen, Qidan, and Xixia. Tibet and even far-off Persia, Daqin and India have commercial ties. Culturally, the Uighurs, on the one hand, absorb the Han culture of the Central Plains by taking advantage of the Silk Road to carry the historical burden of cultural exchanges between the East and the West on a larger scale. At the same time, he also studied the Tibetan, Indian and Western Persian and Greek cultures. It was evident that the Chinese and Western cultures had a strong influence on the sea and the sea, and that was why, later in the Western Xia Dynasty, At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of Mongolia, the Uighurs served Dang Dynasty. From the Song Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty, the Uighurs also played the role of introducing the Han culture to all ethnic groups in the northwest. For example, during the period of history dominated by ethnic minorities, Qidan and Nu Zhen, The development of Uighur culture benefited from the brilliant ancient civilization on the Silk Road, and the Uighur contributed a lot to the development of the Silk Road civilization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K28

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1 金琰;回鶻與絲路文明[D];西北民族大學(xué);2017年

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本文編號(hào)：1680596