本文選題：紅層 + 水文地質(zhì)特征　； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：四川省紅層丘陵區(qū)是四川主要的農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū),水資源匱乏,且供需矛盾突出,農(nóng)村生活飲用水以分散式淺水井為主,普遍存在量缺質(zhì)差、抗旱能力弱的問題。恩陽區(qū)屬于典型的川北紅層丘陵區(qū),恩陽區(qū)的水資源問題同樣是困擾其發(fā)展的大問題。近年來隨著紅層區(qū)打井工程在恩陽區(qū)的實(shí)施,解決了部分地區(qū)的飲水問題,暫時(shí)緩解了水資源緊張問題,但缺乏對地下水特征和水資源的系統(tǒng)研究。論文研究了恩陽區(qū)的地下水特征和水資源安全問題,為恩陽區(qū)水資源開采的合理規(guī)劃和水資源安全問題提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。論文首先介紹了研究區(qū)概況和紅層介質(zhì)的特征,然后從地下水類型、地下水賦存規(guī)律、地下水的補(bǔ)、徑、排關(guān)系等方面分析了恩陽區(qū)的水文地質(zhì)特征,并劃分水文地質(zhì)單元,接著論文從水質(zhì)和水量兩個(gè)方面分析恩陽區(qū)的水資源狀況,最后用層次分析法研究了恩陽區(qū)水資源安全問題。水質(zhì)評價(jià)從地下水安全和生活飲用水安全兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行評價(jià),采用綜合評價(jià)法評價(jià)地下水安全;水量評價(jià)從天然補(bǔ)給量、儲存量和開采量三個(gè)方面分別評價(jià)其保證程度,并分別用降雨保證率、利用更新率和利用率評價(jià)天然補(bǔ)給量、儲存量和開采量。論文獲得的主要研究成果有:(1)通過對恩陽區(qū)地下水的調(diào)查和結(jié)合區(qū)域水文地質(zhì)報(bào)告分析,確定地下水類型為松散層孔隙水、層間裂隙水和基巖裂隙水三大類,其中松散層孔隙水又可細(xì)分為第四系沖洪積孔隙水、殘坡積孔隙水和崩坡積孔隙水。(2)通過對恩陽區(qū)地下水補(bǔ)、徑、排關(guān)系研究,研究區(qū)主要有庫塘補(bǔ)給井型、崩積區(qū)補(bǔ)給井型和層間裂隙補(bǔ)給井型三種模式,以庫塘補(bǔ)水給井型分布最廣,并對三種類型的補(bǔ)、徑、排關(guān)系進(jìn)行研究。(3)論文的抽水試驗(yàn)分別在富水段和貧水段進(jìn)行,抽水試驗(yàn)涵蓋了主要的水文地質(zhì)單元,分析抽水試驗(yàn)的數(shù)據(jù)得到富水段滲透系數(shù)為0.1~0.2m/d和貧水段滲透性系數(shù)為0.012~0.082m/d,富水段影響半徑為30~55m,貧水段影響半徑為0.3~3.8m。(4)根據(jù)研究區(qū)地貌類型及地層巖性特征等控制因素,將區(qū)內(nèi)儲水單元主要劃分為四類,即:桌狀山型儲水單元、窄谷梁狀山型儲水單元、陡傾斜單面山型儲水單元和寬谷深丘型儲水單元;研究了各類儲水單元的水文地質(zhì)特征及水質(zhì)水量情況。(5)研究區(qū)共采取40個(gè)水樣,水樣分析得到地下水化學(xué)類型:HCO3-Ca型水樣共有28組,HCO3-Ca·Mg有7組,HCO3-Na·Ca有2組,HCO3-Ca·Na·Mg有2組,只有一組水樣HCO3-Na。用綜合評價(jià)法評價(jià)水質(zhì)結(jié)果:17個(gè)水樣達(dá)到良好及以上標(biāo)準(zhǔn),23個(gè)水樣屬于較差和極差標(biāo)準(zhǔn);采用生活飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評價(jià)水質(zhì),不達(dá)標(biāo)的要素主要為鐵、錳和氨氮超標(biāo),鐵和錳超標(biāo)地區(qū)地下水應(yīng)做處理后才可飲用,氨氮超標(biāo)地區(qū)應(yīng)盡量避開農(nóng)田污染區(qū)取水。(6)研究區(qū)用大氣降雨入滲法計(jì)算得到的天然補(bǔ)給量為5733×104m3,用容積法計(jì)算得到的存儲量為892.8×104m3,用均勻布井法計(jì)算得到的可采資源量為406.8×104m3。水量評價(jià)時(shí),天然補(bǔ)給量、儲存量和開采量分別用不同保證率、更新率和保證率對其進(jìn)行評價(jià),在這三種方法評價(jià)下研究區(qū)水資源的保證程度都較高,在近期遠(yuǎn)期規(guī)劃中地下水的開采量是合理的。(7)論文用層次分析法研究了恩陽區(qū)的水資源安全問題。首先建立安全評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,在指標(biāo)體系基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)造判斷矩陣,然后用MATLAB計(jì)算各指標(biāo)層對目標(biāo)層的相對權(quán)重,直接建立安全評價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并確定各指標(biāo)的安全度等分,最后通過各指標(biāo)的權(quán)重和等全度等分計(jì)算出水資源安全評價(jià)綜合值。最終恩陽區(qū)水資源安全評價(jià)綜合值為61,達(dá)到相對安全的程度,說明恩陽區(qū)目前水資源利用是相對安全合理的。
[Abstract]:The red layer hilly area of Sichuan province is the main agricultural economic zone in Sichuan. The water resources are scarce and the contradiction between supply and demand is very prominent. The rural living drinking water is mainly scattered shallow water wells, and there is a widespread problem of poor quality and poor quality and weak drought resistance. In recent years, with the implementation of the drilling project in the red zone, the drinking water problem in some areas has been solved, and the water resources shortage is temporarily relieved, but there is no systematic study on the characteristics of groundwater and water resources. The paper studies the characteristics of the groundwater and the safety of water resources in the area of en Yang District, which is reasonable for the exploitation of water resources in the area. This paper first introduces the general situation of the research area and the characteristics of the red layer medium, and then analyzes the hydrogeological characteristics of the area from the groundwater type, the law of groundwater occurrence, the supplement, the diameter and the row relation of the groundwater, and divides the hydrogeological unit, then the paper from the water quality and the water quantity of two. The water resources security of en Yang district is analyzed by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The water quality evaluation is evaluated from two aspects of the safety of groundwater and the safety of drinking water, and the comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the safety of groundwater, and the water evaluation is evaluated from three aspects of natural supply, storage and mining. The main research results obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) through the investigation of the groundwater in the inyang district and the analysis of the regional hydrogeological reports, the groundwater type is loose pore water, interlayer fissure water and base. There are three major categories of rock fissure water, in which the pore water of the loose layer can be subdivided into quaternary flushing pore water, residual slope and pore water. (2) through the study of the groundwater supplement, diameter and row relationship in the nyang District, the study area mainly includes the reservoir pool supply well type, the recharge well type and the interlayer fissure supply well type in the area of three types, and the reservoir pool is supplied to the water. The well distribution is the most widely distributed, and the relationship between the three types of filling, diameter and discharge is studied. (3) the pumping test in the paper is carried out in the rich water and poor water sections. The pumping test covers the main hydrogeological units, and the analysis of the data of the pumping test is that the permeability coefficient of the rich water section is 0.1~ 0.2m/d and the permeability coefficient of the poor water section is 0.012~0.082m/d, and the water rich is rich. The influence radius of the section is 30~55m, the influence radius of the poor water section is 0.3~3.8m. (4). According to the geomorphic types and lithologic characteristics of the study area, the water storage units in the area are divided into four types, that is, the table mountain type water storage unit, the narrow valley beam like mountain type water storage unit, the steep inclined single side mountain type water storage unit and the wide valley deep hilly type water storage unit; Hydrogeological characteristics and water quality and water quantity of all kinds of water storage units. (5) 40 water samples were adopted in the study area, and water samples were analyzed. There were 28 groups of HCO3-Ca water samples, 7 groups of HCO3-Ca. Mg, 2 groups of HCO3-Na. Ca, 2 groups of HCO3-Ca. Na. Mg, only one group of water samples were evaluated by the comprehensive evaluation method of water quality: 17 water The sample reached the standard of good and above, 23 water samples were of poor and extreme standard; the water quality was evaluated by the standard of drinking water. The main elements of the water quality were iron, manganese and ammonia over the standard. The groundwater should be drinkable in the area of iron and manganese exceeding the standard. The area of ammonia nitrogen exceeding the standard should be avoided in the polluted area of farmland. (6) the study area used atmospheric drop. The amount of natural recharge calculated by rain infiltration method is 5733 x 104m3, and the storage amount calculated by the volume method is 892.8 x 104m3. The amount of recoverable resources calculated by uniform well distribution method is 406.8 * 104m3. water evaluation, and the natural recharge, storage and mining amount are evaluated with different guarantee rate, renewal rate and guarantee rate respectively. The three methods evaluate the degree of water resources in the study area is high, in the short-term long-term planning of groundwater exploitation is reasonable. (7) the paper uses analytic hierarchy process to study the safety of water resources in the area. First, establish the safety evaluation index system, construct judgment matrix on the basis of the index system, and then use MATLAB to calculate each finger. The relative weight of the target layer to the target layer, the safety evaluation standard is set up directly and the safety degree of each index is determined. Finally, the comprehensive value of water resources safety evaluation is calculated by the weight of each index and equal degree of equal degree. Finally, the comprehensive value of water resources safety evaluation is 61, and the degree of phase to safety is reached, and the current water resources in the area are explained. It is relatively safe and reasonable to use.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P641.8

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