本文關(guān)鍵詞： 瑪納斯河流域 農(nóng)業(yè)水資源 產(chǎn)權(quán) 管制放松 管理模式　出處：《石河子大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：瑪納斯河流域作為新疆最大的綠洲農(nóng)耕區(qū),對(duì)于區(qū)域社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展具有重要的支撐作用。但是,經(jīng)過(guò)多年的水土資源開(kāi)發(fā),農(nóng)業(yè)用水份額不斷增大,已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重?cái)D占了工業(yè)、生活和生態(tài)用水。特別是近年來(lái)工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化的加速發(fā)展,流域水資源供給壓力增加,生態(tài)問(wèn)題也愈加突出。加之流域內(nèi)多方利益主體共存,用水矛盾協(xié)調(diào)難度大,對(duì)流域水資源綜合開(kāi)發(fā)、高效利用和科學(xué)管理造成了嚴(yán)重阻礙。在技術(shù)瓶頸約束下,如何通過(guò)管水模式創(chuàng)新、資源產(chǎn)權(quán)制度建設(shè),保障各方經(jīng)濟(jì)利益同時(shí)不斷提升農(nóng)業(yè)水資源配置效率成為現(xiàn)階段研究的新課題。本文利用新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分析方法,從流域水資源產(chǎn)權(quán)管制放松為切入點(diǎn),對(duì)流域農(nóng)業(yè)水資源的管理模式進(jìn)行了研究。文章主要分為三個(gè)部分:(1)第一部分:第一章和第二章,主要對(duì)研究的背景、意義、現(xiàn)狀、方法及理論基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行介紹。(2)第二部分:第三章和第四章,在前文理論基礎(chǔ)上以產(chǎn)權(quán)管制放松為視角對(duì)流域農(nóng)業(yè)水權(quán)管理制度變遷和三種農(nóng)業(yè)水權(quán)管理模式進(jìn)行分析。在流域農(nóng)業(yè)水權(quán)管理制度變遷研究上對(duì)流域農(nóng)業(yè)水權(quán)的政府管制放松進(jìn)行了分析,并對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)水權(quán)的市場(chǎng)化進(jìn)入空間進(jìn)行了研究;在流域農(nóng)業(yè)水權(quán)管理模式研究上,對(duì)流域存在的團(tuán)場(chǎng)管理模式、社區(qū)管理模式及市場(chǎng)管理模式進(jìn)行了案例分析,并采用帕累托改進(jìn)和納什均衡兩個(gè)新的評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)三者進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)。(3)第三部分:第五章和第六章,主要在前文的分析結(jié)果基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合流域?qū)嶋H發(fā)展,對(duì)流域農(nóng)業(yè)水資源管理模式進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化;最后根據(jù)論文研究情況進(jìn)行了研究總結(jié)和反思并對(duì)文中建立的管理模式提出了相應(yīng)的保障措施。本文主要結(jié)論如下:(1)瑪河流域水權(quán)管理制度變遷路徑朝著水資源產(chǎn)權(quán)管制放松的方向進(jìn)行。(2)兵團(tuán)體制下團(tuán)場(chǎng)農(nóng)業(yè)水資源團(tuán)場(chǎng)管理模式不符合帕累托改進(jìn)和納什均衡,但由于第三方外部強(qiáng)制力的介入和團(tuán)場(chǎng)的規(guī)模優(yōu)勢(shì),這種管理模式又具有穩(wěn)定性;社區(qū)管理模式滿足帕累托改進(jìn),短時(shí)期內(nèi)符合納什均衡條件,但是在長(zhǎng)期內(nèi)由于組織自身能力限制、資金缺乏等原因?qū)е略陂L(zhǎng)期內(nèi)自我發(fā)展不可持續(xù);市場(chǎng)管理模式符合帕累托改進(jìn),在短期內(nèi)以水權(quán)交易為主的市場(chǎng)管理符合納什均衡,但從長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看該模式仍舊存在不穩(wěn)定因素。(3)團(tuán)場(chǎng)管理模式、社區(qū)管理模式以及市場(chǎng)管理模式對(duì)于農(nóng)業(yè)水權(quán)的管制放松程度逐漸加強(qiáng)。(4)水權(quán)市場(chǎng)從一級(jí)水權(quán)市場(chǎng)到四級(jí)水權(quán)市場(chǎng)的演變過(guò)程中,水權(quán)市場(chǎng)側(cè)重面呈現(xiàn)階梯型變化;并且農(nóng)業(yè)剩余水權(quán)作為第四級(jí)水權(quán)市場(chǎng)的主要交易主體從理論上已經(jīng)具備進(jìn)行完全市場(chǎng)交易的特性。
[Abstract]:As the largest oasis farming area in Xinjiang, Manas River Basin plays an important supporting role in regional social and economic development. However, after many years of water and soil resources development, the share of agricultural water use is increasing. Industrial, domestic and ecological water has been seriously squeezed out, especially with the accelerating development of industrialization and urbanization in recent years, the pressure of water supply in river basin has increased. Ecological problems are becoming more and more prominent. In addition, the coexistence of multi-stakeholders in the basin, water contradiction coordination is very difficult, comprehensive development of water resources in the basin. Efficient utilization and scientific management have caused serious obstacles. Under the constraint of technical bottleneck, how to innovate the water management mode and build the property right system of resources. To protect the economic interests of all parties and constantly improve the efficiency of agricultural water resources allocation has become a new research topic at the present stage. This paper makes use of the new institutional economics analysis method to relax the control of water resources property rights in the watershed as a starting point. The article is divided into three parts: the first part: the first chapter and the second chapter, mainly to the research background, significance, current situation. The second part: chapter three and chapter 4th. On the basis of the above theory, this paper analyzes the changes of agricultural water rights management system and three agricultural water rights management models from the perspective of property rights deregulation. On the study of watershed agricultural water rights management system changes. The deregulation of the government was analyzed. The marketization of agricultural water rights into the space has been studied. On the research of watershed agricultural water right management model, the paper makes a case study on the farm management model, community management model and market management model. The third part: chapter 5th and Chapter 6th, which are based on the results of the above analysis and the actual development of the river basin. The management mode of agricultural water resources in river basin was optimized. Finally, according to the research situation of the thesis, the author summarizes and rethinks the research and puts forward the corresponding safeguard measures for the management mode established in the paper. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1). The water rights management system of Mahe river basin changes in the direction of relaxing the control of water resources property rights.) under the bingtuan system, the management mode of agricultural water resources farm does not accord with the Pareto improvement and Nash equilibrium. However, due to the intervention of the external coercive power of the third party and the advantage of the scale of the regiment, this management mode has the stability; The community management model satisfies the Pareto improvement and meets the Nash equilibrium condition in a short period of time, but in the long run, due to the limitation of the organization's own ability and the lack of funds, the self-development is not sustainable in the long run. The market management model accords with the Pareto improvement, and the market management with water rights trading in the short term accords with Nash equilibrium, but in the long run, there are still unstable factors. Community management model and market management model for agricultural water rights to relax the degree of gradual strengthening of water rights market from a water rights market to four water rights market evolution process. The water rights market focuses on the change of ladder; And agricultural residual water rights as the main trading body of the fourth level water rights market has theoretically had the characteristics of complete market transactions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F323.213

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