基于激光雷達的移動機器人避障研究
[Abstract]:With the further development of sensor technology, process manufacturing level, advanced control theory, and the increasing demand of the industry, the robot industry began to flourish. As a result, environmental robots emerge as the times require, in which mobile robots can replace artificial labor in many dangerous environments, such as earthquake relief, removal of explosive objects and military missions on the battlefield, and so on. The research on obstacle avoidance of mobile robot is of great significance for mobile robot to accomplish the above tasks. In this paper, the hardware and software design of obstacle avoidance system for mobile robot based on single line laser radar sensor is completed. The MCU is used as the control core of the bottom hardware platform of the mobile robot, which is used to decode the control instructions sent by the PC machine, and then send the corresponding control signal to the brushless motor driver to drive the brushless motor. Finally, the control of mobile robot is realized. In the aspect of selecting sensors for obstacle avoidance system, the working characteristics of single-line lidar sensors are studied in this paper. In order to enhance the contrast, the characteristics of ultrasonic proximity switch sensor are studied, and the real-time display interface of the environmental data information returned by the sensor is designed on the PC computer. In the design of obstacle avoidance algorithm, the display interface area of the sensor data is divided into emergency obstacle avoidance area, obstacle avoidance area and remote obstacle avoidance area. The information of environmental obstacle is encoded, and different regions take different action of obstacle avoidance. The experimental results show that the single line laser radar sensor is more comprehensive, faster and more remote than the ultrasonic proximity switch sensor in data acquisition. In this paper, the obstacle avoidance control system based on single line laser radar sensor is designed. In addition, the software dynamic link library encapsulation design based on this obstacle avoidance system is also carried out. The experimental results show that the obstacle avoidance control system meets the obstacle avoidance requirements of the wheeled mobile robot and enhances the cross-platform development of the system and the convenience of algorithm transplantation. In addition, a mobile robot obstacle avoidance system based on BP neural network is designed based on the environment obstacle information provided by single line lidar. Related obstacle avoidance experiments are carried out in indoor and corridor environments. The experiment results show that the BP neural network obstacle avoidance control algorithm enhances the self-learning ability of the whole system and can realize the motion requirements from the starting point to the target point without collision.
【學位授予單位】:沈陽理工大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:TP242
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