【摘要】：太陽總輻射是氣象探測、太陽能資源利用等領域中的一種重要測量參數(shù)。太陽總輻射傳感器是一種重要的地面氣象觀測儀器,也是太陽能資源普查與光伏電站運行監(jiān)控領域不可缺少的裝備。目前國外的太陽總輻射傳感器精度高,但價格昂貴。為設計出低成本、高精度的太陽總輻射傳感器,本文針對環(huán)境溫度會影響總輻射測量準確度的問題,提出了一種基于熱電效應的總輻射傳感器設計。該傳感器系統(tǒng)由傳感器探頭、信號采集電路、溫度補償算法、嵌入式系統(tǒng)及上位機構成。利用計算流體動力學方法對該傳感器探頭進行了流-固耦合傳熱分析。硬件方面,本文選用低功耗和高性價比的STM32作為主控芯片,設計了一種高精度AD采集電路,運用熱電堆、PT100溫度傳感器進行測量。為了簡化硬件電路,同時保證測量的高精度,利用了 Levenberg-Marquardt算法對熱電堆溫度特性進行擬合測量溫差;為了消除環(huán)境溫度引起的總輻射測量誤差,采用了Back-Propagation (BP)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡修正溫漂;為了方便觀測者使用,本文開發(fā)了基于C#的配套上位機軟件。本系統(tǒng)中,傳感器的溫度補償范圍為-20℃～40℃,外場測試結果表明,利用修正算法進行誤差修正后,讀數(shù)精度可達2.79%,滿量程精度達1.66%。該傳感器在氣象探測、光伏電站等領域具有應用潛力。
[Abstract]:Total solar radiation is an important measurement parameter in meteorological survey, solar energy resource utilization and so on. The total solar radiation sensor is an important surface meteorological observation instrument, and is also an indispensable equipment in the field of solar energy resources survey and photovoltaic power station operation monitoring. At present, the precision of the total solar radiation sensor is high, but the price is expensive. In order to design a low cost and high precision total solar radiation sensor, a total radiation sensor based on thermoelectric effect is proposed to solve the problem that ambient temperature will affect the accuracy of total radiation measurement. The sensor system consists of sensor probe, signal acquisition circuit, temperature compensation algorithm, embedded system and upper system. The fluid-solid coupling heat transfer analysis of the sensor probe was carried out by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. In the aspect of hardware, STM32 with low power consumption and high performance-to-price ratio is selected as the main control chip. A high precision AD acquisition circuit is designed, which is measured by thermoelectric stack and PT100 temperature sensor. In order to simplify the hardware circuit and ensure the high accuracy of measurement, the temperature difference of thermoelectric stack is fitted by Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. In order to eliminate the total radiation measurement error caused by ambient temperature, the Back-Propagation (BP) neural network is used to correct the temperature drift, and in order to facilitate the use of the observer, a computer software based on C # is developed in this paper. In this system, the temperature compensation range of the sensor is -20 鈩，

本文編號：2317276