【摘要】：隨著傳感器技術(shù)、無(wú)線通信技術(shù)、移動(dòng)嵌入式技術(shù)等的發(fā)展,同時(shí)由于人們對(duì)智能農(nóng)業(yè)、精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)的急切需求,使得無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣泛的應(yīng)用于現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)中。通過在農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境中采用無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò),不僅可以降低人力消耗,還可以遠(yuǎn)程準(zhǔn)確的獲取農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境信息和農(nóng)作物信息。從而實(shí)現(xiàn)科學(xué)種植、科學(xué)管理。但是由于農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境的復(fù)雜性,使得無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)在農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)用中的性能不及在工業(yè)中的穩(wěn)定、健壯。本論文圍繞農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境的復(fù)雜性,以Zigbee無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為研究對(duì)象,從信號(hào)強(qiáng)度、節(jié)點(diǎn)電量以及遠(yuǎn)程診斷三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行研究,具體研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境分為設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)和大田農(nóng)業(yè),設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)需要考慮農(nóng)業(yè)大棚墻壁的厚度、材質(zhì)對(duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)之間信息傳輸?shù)挠绊?農(nóng)作物的高度、田間地貌、田間遮擋物都需要作為考慮影響大田農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的因素,因?yàn)樗麄兌寄茉谝欢ǔ潭壬蠈?duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)通信產(chǎn)生干擾。無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的無(wú)線傳輸信號(hào)在不同農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境下、不同障礙物、不同高度的情況下傳播特性、信號(hào)遞減方式也不同。因此,針對(duì)這兩種農(nóng)業(yè)生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境,本文分別從不同的農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境進(jìn)行了信號(hào)強(qiáng)度測(cè)試,研究了不同農(nóng)業(yè)種植環(huán)境條件下,Zigbee無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)信號(hào)強(qiáng)度衰減變化情況。本文采用電量監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù),實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)電源參數(shù),這種供電方式在太陽(yáng)輻射充足的情況下能夠有效的為系統(tǒng)正常供電,但當(dāng)Zigbee節(jié)點(diǎn)遇到連續(xù)陰雨天且無(wú)其他電源供電時(shí),如果不及時(shí)補(bǔ)充電能且以高頻方式進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)收發(fā)將導(dǎo)致設(shè)備無(wú)法正常工作�；诖朔N關(guān)系,為保證節(jié)點(diǎn)在農(nóng)田中無(wú)太陽(yáng)能補(bǔ)充條件下持續(xù)性高效率正常工作,本文提出了一種基于太陽(yáng)能蓄電池的采集頻率調(diào)控策略。由于在農(nóng)業(yè)監(jiān)測(cè)環(huán)境中,無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)設(shè)備通常分布在野外,與環(huán)境的監(jiān)測(cè)者距離相對(duì)較遠(yuǎn),使得設(shè)備的維護(hù)相對(duì)較為困難。針對(duì)這一問題,本文提出了基于硬件診斷的遠(yuǎn)程診斷系統(tǒng)。在基于信號(hào)強(qiáng)度監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)和電量監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)之上,通過通信系統(tǒng)將硬件設(shè)備的狀態(tài)信息發(fā)送給用戶,使得用戶了解設(shè)備的運(yùn)行狀態(tài),如果設(shè)備出現(xiàn)故障,用戶可以在第一時(shí)間內(nèi)了解故障原因,隨之做出相應(yīng)的解決措施。為了降低農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境中無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)成本,本文設(shè)計(jì)了適合農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境的Zigbee/GPRS網(wǎng)關(guān)。Zigbee/GPRS網(wǎng)關(guān)采用Zigbee無(wú)線通信技術(shù)、GPRS技術(shù)、RS232通信技術(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)、Zigbee協(xié)議與Internet協(xié)議轉(zhuǎn)換。
[Abstract]:With the development of sensor technology, wireless communication technology, mobile embedded technology and so on, wireless sensor network (WSN) is widely used in modern agriculture because of the urgent need of intelligent agriculture and precision agriculture. Through the use of wireless sensor network in the agricultural environment, not only can the human consumption be reduced, but also the agricultural environment information and crop information can be obtained remotely and accurately. In order to achieve scientific planting, scientific management. However, due to the complexity of agricultural environment, the performance of wireless sensor networks in agricultural applications is not as stable and robust as in industry. This paper focuses on the complexity of the agricultural environment, taking Zigbee wireless network as the research object, from three aspects of signal intensity, node electricity and remote diagnosis, the specific research contents are as follows: the agricultural environment is divided into facility agriculture and field agriculture. Facility agriculture needs to consider the thickness of the walls of the agricultural greenhouse and the effect of the material on the information transmission between the nodes; the height of the crops, the field landforms, and the field obstructions are all the factors that need to be considered to affect the agricultural Internet of things in the field. Because they can interfere with node communication to a certain extent. Wireless transmission signals in wireless sensor networks in different agricultural environment, different obstacles, different height of the transmission characteristics of the signal in different ways. Therefore, in view of these two kinds of agricultural growth environment, the signal intensity of Zigbee wireless sensor network was tested from different agricultural environment, and the change of signal intensity attenuation of Zigbee wireless sensor network was studied under different agricultural planting environment. In this paper, the electric quantity monitoring technology is used to monitor the power supply parameters in real time. This power supply method can effectively supply the system with sufficient solar radiation, but when the Zigbee node encounters continuous rainy weather and no other power supply, If the power is not replenished in time and the data is sent and received in high frequency mode, the equipment will not work properly. Based on this relationship, in order to ensure that the node can work effectively and efficiently in farmland without solar energy supplement, a frequency control strategy based on solar battery is proposed in this paper. In the agricultural monitoring environment, the wireless network node equipment is usually distributed in the field, which is relatively far away from the monitor of the environment, which makes the maintenance of the equipment relatively difficult. To solve this problem, a remote diagnosis system based on hardware diagnosis is proposed in this paper. Based on the signal strength monitoring technology and the electric quantity monitoring technology, the state information of the hardware equipment is sent to the user through the communication system, so that the user can know the running state of the device, and if the equipment fails, Users can understand the cause of the failure in the first time, and then make corresponding solutions. In order to reduce the cost of wireless sensor network in agricultural environment, this paper designs a Zigbee/GPRS gateway suitable for agricultural environment. Zigbee wireless communication technology, GPRS technology and RS232 communication technology are used in Zigbee/GPRS gateway to realize node data forwarding, Zigbee protocol and Internet protocol conversion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP212.9;TN92

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本文編號(hào)：2272028