基于卡爾曼濾波提高陀螺傳感器測(cè)量精度的研究
[Abstract]:The aeronautical photoelectric stabilization platform is widely used in the military field, public security, environmental monitoring and other civil environments because of the automatic tracking and recognition of the target by the image detection device. Among them, gyroscope sensor is the core sensitive sensor of aeronautical optoelectronic stabilization platform. It is installed on the motion carrier. The change of the speed of the sensitive carrier can isolate the disturbance and make the aero-photoelectric stabilization platform as stable as possible. Furthermore, the view axis installed in the platform interior load has a stable direction. Because of the influence of the external environment and its own structure error, the gyroscope sensor in the aero-optoelectronic stabilization platform will introduce random drift and measurement noise when the speed of the sensitive platform changes. As a result, the output torque of DC drive motor can not drive the frame motion of the platform accurately, which will lead to the instability of the axis of view in the ideal position of the target. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of optical axis stabilization of aero-optoelectronic stabilization platform, the signal output from gyroscope must be filtered and processed effectively. Kalman filter is used to describe the dynamic system according to the equation of state. The linear minimum variance is used as the estimation criterion and the method of prediction and correction is used to estimate the optimal state of the system. Kalman filter is widely used because of its advantages of good real-time, small storage space and easy to be realized. Considering the actual engineering requirements, in this paper, the strong tracking Kalman filter algorithm is used to filter the noise interference for the signal output from the gyroscope sensor in the two-axis and four-frame aeronautical photovoltaic stabilization platform by using the strong tracking Kalman filter algorithm. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) according to the working principle of two-axis four-frame aeronautical stabilization platform, Based on the comprehensive analysis of all kinds of interference factors in the system, the adverse effects of the measurement noise of the gyroscope sensor on the stability accuracy of the optic axis are analyzed. (2) in order to effectively filter the output signal of the gyroscope sensor, The mathematical model of gyroscope signal is established. The time series method is the modeling method used in this paper. The system output data is used to predict the internal characteristics and external factors of the system and to predict the future status of the system. Considering the complexity of the algorithm and the computational complexity in practical application, AR (1) model is used as the mathematical model of gyroscope sensor. The model can provide reference for parameter setting in Kalman filter. (3) based on the mathematical model of gyroscope sensor, the state equation and measurement equation of Kalman filter are constructed, and the measurement noise of gyro signal is analyzed. Kalman filter technique is used to suppress it. At the same time, the strong tracking algorithm is introduced, the state prediction variance matrix in Kalman filter is adjusted constantly, and the output error sequence is forced to remain irrelevant, and a strong tracking Kalman filter is constructed. In order to improve the robustness of the system. (4) the strong tracking Kalman filter proposed in this paper is compared with the second order Butterworth filter which is commonly used in engineering to verify the filtering effect and robustness of the strong tracking Kalman filter. The experimental results show that compared with the second order Butterworth filter, the output signal of the strong tracking Kalman filter is obviously improved in amplitude and variance. The dynamic performance of the control system is optimized and the real-time performance of the signal is guaranteed. At the same time, the strong tracking Kalman filter proposed in this paper has better robust stability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:中國(guó)科學(xué)院長(zhǎng)春光學(xué)精密機(jī)械與物理研究所
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號(hào)】:TN713;TP212
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