發(fā)布時間：2018-08-05 19:14

【摘要】：激波管是壓力傳感器動態(tài)標(biāo)定的常用裝置,激波速度的準(zhǔn)確測量是標(biāo)定壓力傳感器的重要參數(shù)。本文針對激波傳播速度測量裝置存在安裝結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、測量誤差大等不足,結(jié)合光幕探測測速技術(shù),對激波管測速方法進(jìn)行研究,提出了光探針測速方法。論文主要研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)激波管測速用光探針方案設(shè)計。根據(jù)激波傳播理論和光幕探測測速原理設(shè)計了光探針傳感器,完成了光源與探測器件的選型,依據(jù)激波管的外形結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計了基于光纖傳輸?shù)墓庠磁c探測器件的安裝結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)高靈敏度、高頻率響應(yīng)特性信號處理電路設(shè)計。根據(jù)選擇的探測器件設(shè)計相應(yīng)的信號探測電路和放大電路,實現(xiàn)激波穿過探測區(qū)域時探測器輸出信號的光電轉(zhuǎn)換、放大與驅(qū)動等處理,最終輸出可被信號采集儀識別的過幕信號。(3)激波過幕時刻信號提取方法研究。研究了微弱信號處理算法中小波變換奇異點檢測法對激波信號特征時刻的提取,獲得激波穿過兩路光探針探測視場的時間,計算出激波的傳播速度。(4)搭建光探針測速裝置進(jìn)行相關(guān)驗證試驗。依據(jù)光探針測速總體設(shè)計方案在實驗室通過控制光源光能量發(fā)生變化模擬激波穿過光探針光幕時的物理變化過程,檢驗信號處理電路的響應(yīng)特性,采用小波奇異點檢測法提取兩路信號特征時刻點,計算出兩路信號之間的時間值。通過對研制的光探針進(jìn)行模擬試驗,結(jié)果驗證了設(shè)計方案的可行性。
[Abstract]:Shock tube is a commonly used device for dynamic calibration of pressure sensor. Accurate measurement of shock velocity is an important parameter in calibrating pressure sensor. Aiming at the problems of complex installation structure and large measurement error of shock wave velocity measuring device, this paper studies the method of shock wave tube velocimetry combined with light screen detection and velocimetry technology, and puts forward the method of optical probe velocimetry. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the design of optical probe for shock tube velocimetry. The light probe sensor is designed according to the shock wave propagation theory and the principle of detecting the velocities of the light screen. The selection of the light source and the detector is completed. According to the shape structure of shock tube, the installation structure of light source and detector based on optical fiber transmission is designed. (2) the signal processing circuit with high sensitivity and high frequency response characteristic is designed. According to the selected detector, the corresponding signal detection circuit and amplifying circuit are designed to realize the photoelectric conversion, amplification and drive processing of the output signal of the detector when the shock wave passes through the detection area. The final output signal can be recognized by the signal collector. (3) Research on the method of extracting shock wave signal. In this paper, the wavelet transform singularity detection method of weak signal processing algorithm is studied to extract the characteristic time of shock signal, and the time of shock wave passing through two optical probes to detect the field of view is obtained. The propagation velocity of shock wave is calculated. (4) the optical probe velocimetry device is built to carry out the related verification test. According to the overall design scheme of optical probe velocimetry, the physical process of shock wave passing through the light screen of light probe is simulated by controlling the change of light energy of light source in laboratory, and the response characteristics of signal processing circuit are tested. The characteristic time points of two signals are extracted by using wavelet singularity detection method, and the time values between two signals are calculated. The feasibility of the design is verified by the simulation test of the developed optical probe.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP212

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本文編號：2166732