本文選題：MSMA + 傳感器��； 參考：《沈陽(yáng)理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：磁控形狀記憶合金(Magnetically Controlled Shape Memory Alloy簡(jiǎn)稱MSMA)是近年來(lái)出現(xiàn)的一種新型智能材料,具有形變大、響應(yīng)速度快、能量密度高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在傳感器領(lǐng)域擁有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。變形的磁控形狀記憶合金在外力作用下由于內(nèi)部發(fā)生孿晶再取向使材料的磁化強(qiáng)度發(fā)生改變,通常稱這種特性為MSMA逆效應(yīng)。利用該特性可以研制MSMA傳感器。本文基于磁控形狀記憶合金的逆效應(yīng),建立磁控形狀記憶合金傳感器外特性模型,通過(guò)無(wú)跡卡爾曼濾波算法對(duì)磁控形狀記憶合金傳感器外特性模型的系數(shù)進(jìn)行參數(shù)辨識(shí),基于Matlab、Labview混合變成設(shè)計(jì)思想構(gòu)建磁控形狀記憶合金傳感器特性仿真平臺(tái),通過(guò)該平臺(tái)可以模擬不同輸入條件(激振力、預(yù)壓力、偏置磁場(chǎng))協(xié)同作用下,獲取磁控形狀記憶合金傳感器感應(yīng)電壓信號(hào)輸出,同時(shí)也可以將該特性仿真平臺(tái)與實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)相結(jié)合,深化材料的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究進(jìn)程。首先,研究MSMA的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)、變形機(jī)理,而后基于材料力學(xué)、動(dòng)力學(xué)、電磁學(xué)等理論建立MSMA傳感器外特性模型并確立MSMA傳感器感應(yīng)電壓與外部磁場(chǎng)、預(yù)壓力、激振力的幅值和頻率之間的函數(shù)關(guān)系式,該模型即為參數(shù)辨識(shí)的目標(biāo)模型。其次,基于無(wú)跡卡爾曼濾波算法對(duì)傳感器外特性模型進(jìn)行參數(shù)辨識(shí),以滿足不同實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下模型的適用性。將無(wú)跡卡爾曼濾波算法與混沌-量子粒子群算法分別對(duì)MSMA傳感器外特性模型參數(shù)辨識(shí)的結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較分析,驗(yàn)證了無(wú)跡卡爾曼濾波算法在MSMA傳感器外特性模型參數(shù)辨識(shí)方面的高效性以及準(zhǔn)確性。最后,構(gòu)建磁控形狀記憶合金傳感器特性仿真平臺(tái)并搭建MSMA傳感器實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng),將實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與特性仿真平臺(tái)輸出結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較,二者輸出結(jié)果吻合。由磁控形狀記憶合金傳感器特性仿真平臺(tái)進(jìn)行感應(yīng)電壓信號(hào)預(yù)測(cè),指導(dǎo)后續(xù)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。
[Abstract]:Magnetically shaped memory alloy (Controlled Shape Memory Alloy) is a new type of smart material, which has the advantages of large deformation, fast response and high energy density. It has a broad application prospect in sensor field. The magnetization of the deformed magnetically controlled shape memory alloy changed due to the twin reorientation of the alloy under external force. This property is usually called MSMA inverse effect. Using this characteristic, MSMA sensor can be developed. Based on the inverse effect of magnetic control shape memory alloy, the external characteristic model of magnetic control shape memory alloy sensor is established in this paper. The parameters of the external characteristic model of magnetic control shape memory alloy sensor are identified by unscented Kalman filter algorithm. Based on the mixed design idea of Matlab / LabVIEW, the simulation platform for the characteristics of magnetically controlled shape memory alloy sensors is constructed. The platform can be used to simulate the synergistic action of different input conditions (excitation force, prepressure, bias magnetic field). The output of inductive voltage signal of magnetically controlled shape memory alloy sensor can be obtained. At the same time, the simulation platform of this characteristic can be combined with the experimental system to deepen the experimental research process. Firstly, the crystal structure and deformation mechanism of MSMA are studied. Then, based on the theories of material mechanics, dynamics and electromagnetism, the external characteristic model of MSMA sensor is established, and the inductive voltage, external magnetic field and prepressure of MSMA sensor are established. The function relation between amplitude and frequency of excitation force is the target model of parameter identification. Secondly, based on the unscented Kalman filter algorithm, the parameters of the sensor external characteristic model are identified to satisfy the applicability of the model under different experimental conditions. Unscented Kalman filter algorithm and chaos quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm are used to compare and analyze the parameter identification results of the external characteristic model of MSMA sensor. The efficiency and accuracy of the unscented Kalman filter algorithm in the parameter identification of the external characteristic model of MSMA sensor are verified. Finally, the simulation platform of magnetically controlled shape memory alloy sensor and the experimental system of MSMA sensor are constructed. The experimental results are compared with the output results of the characteristic simulation platform, and the two outputs are in good agreement with each other. Based on the simulation platform of magnetic control shape memory alloy sensor, the inductive voltage signal is predicted to guide the subsequent experimental research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP212

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