本文選題：增材制造 + 控制系統(tǒng)�。� 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：電弧增材制造(Wire Arc Additive Manufacture,WA-AM)技術(shù)采用焊接電弧作為熱源熔化金屬絲材,按照設(shè)定的路徑層層堆積熔敷金屬直至零件最終成形。WA-AM具有材料利用率高、整體制造周期短、制造成本低、化學(xué)成分均勻、力學(xué)性能好、對零件尺寸限制少、適合零件修復(fù)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。目前,對WA-AM技術(shù)在成形工藝的可行性,成形零件的材料力學(xué)性能和微觀組織上的研究比較集中,大部分電弧增材制造設(shè)備的研制也多停留在單熱源、小型化的情況。本文以多熱源大型增材制造設(shè)備為研究對象,以提高電弧增材過程中成形的穩(wěn)定性、改善成形件表面質(zhì)量和尺寸精度控制為目標(biāo),在現(xiàn)有電弧增材制造設(shè)備的基礎(chǔ)之上結(jié)合WA-AM技術(shù)工藝要求,設(shè)計了一套包括現(xiàn)場設(shè)備PLC控制、上位機(jī)監(jiān)控以及數(shù)據(jù)庫管理的完整控制系統(tǒng)。首先設(shè)計了電弧增材制造設(shè)備總體控制方案,基于PLC和上位機(jī)按照FCS現(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)、DCS集散控制系統(tǒng)和工業(yè)以太網(wǎng)相結(jié)合的思想搭建了硬件通信網(wǎng)絡(luò);然后按照工藝要求設(shè)計了槍架跟蹤系統(tǒng)、橫梁自動移位系統(tǒng)以及傳動支撐系統(tǒng)控制方案,通過下位機(jī)PLC編程并加以運(yùn)用工業(yè)以太網(wǎng)和OPC技術(shù)為工藝監(jiān)控層和管理層建立了軟、硬件基礎(chǔ)。最后在計算機(jī)上使用圖形化編程語言Lab VIEW設(shè)計了一套完整的電弧增材制造設(shè)備中央控制系統(tǒng)軟件。該控制系統(tǒng)軟件包括管理員、工程師、數(shù)據(jù)記錄員和操作員四個不同權(quán)限的操作界面,具備用戶管理、數(shù)據(jù)庫交互、電弧增材制造工藝過程的監(jiān)測與控制等功能,從而保證整個電弧增材制造過程順利進(jìn)行,實(shí)現(xiàn)大尺寸金屬管件一次性快速電弧增材制造過程的自動化。基于本文所研制的控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了模擬件成形實(shí)驗(yàn),實(shí)驗(yàn)過程表明該控制系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了對現(xiàn)場各個子系統(tǒng)的分散控制和集中管理,具有較強(qiáng)的操作性和可靠性;實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析結(jié)果表明本文所設(shè)計的控制方案較好的滿足了電弧增材制造技術(shù)的工藝要求。
[Abstract]:Wire Arc Additive manufacture WA-AM) technology adopts welding arc as heat source to melt metal wire, stacking metal layer by layer according to the set path until final forming. WA-AM has high material utilization, short manufacturing period and low manufacturing cost.Uniform chemical composition, good mechanical properties, less restrictions on parts size, suitable for parts repair and so on.At present, the research on the feasibility of WA-AM technology in forming process, the mechanical properties and microstructure of forming parts is concentrated, and most of the development of arc material increasing equipment also stays in the condition of single heat source and miniaturization.In this paper, the object of this paper is to improve the stability of the forming process, improve the surface quality and dimensional precision control of the forming parts by taking the multi-heat source large-scale material increasing manufacturing equipment as the research object.A complete control system including field equipment PLC control host computer monitoring and database management is designed on the basis of the existing arc material increasing manufacturing equipment combined with the technical requirements of WA-AM.Firstly, the overall control scheme of arc material increasing equipment is designed, and the hardware communication network is built based on PLC and host computer according to the idea of FCS fieldbus control system, DCS distributed control system and industrial Ethernet.Then according to the process requirements, the control scheme of the gun frame tracking system, the beam automatic shift system and the transmission support system is designed. The software is established for the process monitoring layer and management layer by PLC programming and using industrial Ethernet and OPC technology.Hardware base.Finally, a complete set of central control system software for arc augmentation equipment is designed by using graphical programming language Lab VIEW on the computer.The control system software includes four operating interfaces with different authority, such as administrator, engineer, data recorder and operator. It has the functions of user management, database interaction, monitoring and control of arc material increasing manufacturing process, etc.Thus, the whole process of arc material increasing can be carried out smoothly, and the automation of large size metal pipe can be realized in the process of one-off rapid arc material increasing.Based on the control system developed in this paper, the simulation part forming experiment is carried out. The experimental process shows that the control system realizes decentralized control and centralized management of each subsystem in the field, and has strong operability and reliability.The results of experimental data analysis show that the control scheme designed in this paper can meet the requirements of arc material augmentation technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TG444;TP273
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本文編號：1735107