本文選題：金剛石　切入點：氮空位　出處：《中國科學技術大學》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著人們對人工合成單晶塊狀金剛石技術的掌握,對于金剛石光學工程,主要包括對基于金剛石的納米技術的研究,也越來越多。而且其中基于金剛石中NV色心的研究,在量子信息技術領域和量子精密測量領域被學術界廣泛重視。因為在室溫條件下就具有穩(wěn)定的光子發(fā)射和長的消相干時間等特性,NV色心已經(jīng)被應用并作為目前實現(xiàn)量子計算機與量子信息技術的重要候選者。NV色心的電子自旋狀態(tài)可以為量子計算提供有希望的固體量子位之一。此外,NV色心可以作為電磁場,溫度和壓力的納米傳感器,因為其中電子自旋的量子態(tài)對于外部環(huán)境非常敏感。這在生物學等方面已得到很好的應用。本文從實際工作出發(fā),主要取得以下四個方面成果:1.以半導體工藝、有限元仿真為主要手段,研究基于塊狀金剛石NV色心的單光子源器件的制備,成功加工出了幾種微納器件,包括:納米線、固體浸沒透鏡、圓形靶心環(huán)光柵、微盤和自支撐薄膜。還分別在塊狀金剛石和納米線上實現(xiàn)了人工制備單個NV色心。從而獲得了基于塊狀金剛石材料微納加工方面的工作及經(jīng)驗。2.對金剛石納米線NV色心單光子源進行了實驗分析,證明了這種錐形納米線,相比塊狀金剛石,能以7倍增幅提高共聚焦實驗系統(tǒng)對NV色心的單光子收集效率,而且單光子計數(shù)率可以到564kcps。可以應用這種具有高光子通量的納米線單光子器件來提高量子信息處理的性能。更重要的是,還可以為納米級傳感與測量提供有效的解決方案。3.通過基于塊狀金剛石中的NV色心探測局域光場的光學遠場顯微鏡技術,實現(xiàn)了對金剛石表面微納結構的超分辨率成像。該技術將塊狀金剛石中人工制備的密集NV色心陣列作為近場光學探針。其局域光場通過金剛石表面上的納米結構傳輸,并利用NV色心的電荷狀態(tài)轉換來測量。而電荷狀態(tài)損耗型納米顯微技術可以實現(xiàn)6.1 nm的空間分辨率的氮空色心位置測量,所以,金剛石表面上的納米結構也被以低于光學衍射極限的分辨率被成像。該結果提供了一種構建通用光學超分辨率顯微鏡技術的方法和用于具有NV色心高空間分辨率傳感的便利平臺。4.通過對微波器件的仿真,優(yōu)化,處理和封裝研究,為基于NV色心的量子傳感的光學遠場超分辨率顯微鏡技術提供了集成高品質因子微波天線的納米傳感器。此外,本文還說明了計算機視覺等人工智能技術在實驗檢測和樣品制備中的應用,并開源相關程序為其他類似研究工作提供了參考和技術積累。上述四個方面成果,都是緊密圍繞NV色心納米傳感這個目標進行的多方面多角度的研究。本文中無論是對納米尺寸的傳感器的研究,還是研究對目標進行納米顯微成像,都取得了階段性成果。展望未來的工作,可以深入研究NV色心量子傳感結合光學超分辨成像的技術,以及該技術在生物學和材料學上的應用,從而進行交叉學科研究。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the mastery of synthetic monocrystalline monocrystalline diamond technology, the optical engineering of diamond mainly includes the research of diamond based nanotechnology. And it is based on the research of NV color center in diamond. In the field of quantum information technology and quantum precision measurement, NV color centers have been widely used in the field of quantum information technology and quantum precision measurement, because they have the characteristics of stable photon emission and long decoherence time at room temperature. The electron spin state of the NV color center can provide one of the promising solid qubits for quantum computing. In addition, the NV color center can be used as an electromagnetic field. Nanosensor for temperature and pressure, because the quantum states of electron spin are very sensitive to the external environment. This has been applied well in biology and so on. The main achievements are as follows: 1.Using semiconductor technology and finite element simulation as the main means, the fabrication of single photon source devices based on the NV color center of bulk diamond is studied. Several kinds of micro and nano devices are successfully fabricated, including nanowires, nanowires, nanowires, nanowires, nanowires, nanowires, nanowires, and nanowires. Solid immersion lens, circular target ring grating, A single NV color center was also fabricated on bulk diamond and nanowires, respectively. Thus, the work and experience of nanocrystalline diamond fabrication based on bulk diamond materials were obtained. 2. NV color center single photon source is experimentally analyzed. It is proved that the cone-shaped nanowires can increase the single-photon collection efficiency of NV color center by 7 times compared with the bulk diamond. And the single-photon counting rate can be up to 564kcps. this kind of nanowire single-photon device with high photon flux can be used to improve the performance of quantum information processing. It can also provide an effective solution for nanoscale sensing and measurement. Optical far-field microscope technology based on NV color center in bulk diamond to detect local optical field is presented. Super-resolution imaging of diamond surface microstructures is realized. The dense NV color center array in bulk diamond is used as a near-field optical probe. The local light field is transmitted through the nano-structure on the diamond surface. And the charge state conversion of NV color center can be used to measure the position of the center of nitrogen with a spatial resolution of 6.1 nm, and the charge state loss nanotechnology can be used to measure the position of the center. The nanostructures on diamond surfaces are also imaged at resolutions below the optical diffraction limit. The results provide a method for constructing general optical superresolution microscopy and are used for high spatial resolution of NV color centers. The convenient platform for sensing. 4. through the simulation of microwave devices, Optimization, processing and encapsulation research provide nanosensor integrated with high quality factor microwave antenna for optical far-field super-resolution microscope technology based on NV color center quantum sensor. This paper also explains the application of artificial intelligence technology such as computer vision in experimental detection and sample preparation, and the open source programs provide reference and technical accumulation for other similar research work. It is a multi-angle research on NV color center nanosensor. In this paper, whether it is the research of nanometer-sized sensor or the study of nano-micro imaging of the target, Looking forward to the future work, we can further study the NV color center quantum sensor combined with optical super-resolution imaging technology, and its application in biology and materials, so as to carry out cross-disciplinary research.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB383.1;TP212

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相關博士學位論文 前5條

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本文編號：1639640