發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-17 03:26

  本文選題：主汽溫控制系統(tǒng)　切入點(diǎn)：模糊自整定PID　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：能源是現(xiàn)代化的基礎(chǔ)和動(dòng)力。我國(guó)能源資源約束日益加劇,生態(tài)環(huán)境問(wèn)題突出,調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)、提高能效和保障能源安全的壓力進(jìn)一步加大,能源發(fā)展面臨一系列新問(wèn)題新挑戰(zhàn)。隨著我國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)進(jìn)入“新常態(tài)”,經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展對(duì)電力行業(yè)提出了更加嚴(yán)格的要求,在保證電力生產(chǎn)穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)的過(guò)程中,新建燃煤發(fā)電機(jī)組供電煤耗要低于每千瓦時(shí)300克標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤,同時(shí)污染物排放接近燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組排放水平。燃煤機(jī)組供電煤耗的減少勢(shì)必對(duì)電廠運(yùn)行中的每個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)都提高要求,其中主蒸汽汽溫的調(diào)節(jié)是保證機(jī)組設(shè)備安全生產(chǎn)、電力負(fù)荷穩(wěn)定的基礎(chǔ)。本文主要針對(duì)火電廠主蒸汽汽溫控制策略進(jìn)行研究,擬通過(guò)外掛控制器的方式在不同的負(fù)荷要求下,保證主蒸汽汽溫的穩(wěn)定,優(yōu)化主蒸汽汽溫的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)速度。本文通過(guò)虛擬儀器技術(shù)平臺(tái)LabVIEW設(shè)計(jì)了主蒸汽汽溫的外掛控制器,使用MODBUS TCP/IP協(xié)議,配合新華分散控制系統(tǒng)XDPS6.0,完成了外掛控制器的設(shè)計(jì),并在心跳包邏輯的支持下,實(shí)現(xiàn)了外掛控制器的自動(dòng)切換,既能保證主蒸汽汽溫的穩(wěn)定,又能在外掛控制器失效或者有手動(dòng)操作需求的時(shí)候切換回傳統(tǒng)PID控制器。外掛控制器的設(shè)計(jì)有兩種思路:一種是利用模糊理論,在傳統(tǒng)PID控制器的基礎(chǔ)上,添加PID參數(shù)自整定功能,形成模糊自整定PID控制器;另一種是利用人工智能發(fā)展的結(jié)晶——神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù),通過(guò)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)和模糊理論的結(jié)合,形成深度整合的模糊神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)控制器。同時(shí),針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)PID控制器參數(shù)優(yōu)化問(wèn)題,使用帝國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)算法予以尋優(yōu)解決。最后,將兩種外掛控制器和傳統(tǒng)PID控制器對(duì)比,通過(guò)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了所提外掛控制器的實(shí)用性和先進(jìn)性,并在對(duì)比的過(guò)程中得出不同控制器在不同場(chǎng)合具有各自的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。本文的主要工作在于:1.在考慮被控對(duì)象約束的情況下,使用帝國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)算法優(yōu)化傳統(tǒng)PID控制器參數(shù);2.使用虛擬儀器技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)外掛控制器的設(shè)計(jì);3.完成心跳包邏輯設(shè)計(jì),使外掛控制器更加實(shí)用,滿(mǎn)足電廠安全性能要求;4.通過(guò)模糊自整定PID和模糊神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)兩種外掛控制器的設(shè)計(jì),得出以下結(jié)論:模糊自整定PID控制策略的動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)能力和魯棒性較強(qiáng),能夠適應(yīng)復(fù)雜多變的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)環(huán)境,而模糊神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)控制策略適用于設(shè)備模型較為穩(wěn)定、控制精度要求較高的場(chǎng)景。
[Abstract]:Energy is the foundation and motive force of modernization. The constraints of energy and resources in China are becoming increasingly severe, the ecological and environmental problems are prominent, and the pressure to adjust the structure, improve energy efficiency and ensure energy security is further increased. Energy development is facing a series of new problems and new challenges. As China's domestic economic situation enters the "new normal", economic development puts forward more stringent requirements for the power industry, and in the process of ensuring the steady progress of power production, The power consumption of new coal-fired generating units is lower than 300 grams of standard coal per kilowatt-hour, and the emission of pollutants is close to the emission level of gas-fired units. The reduction of coal consumption for coal-fired units will inevitably raise the requirements for every link in the operation of power plants. The regulation of main steam temperature is the basis to ensure the safe production of unit equipment and the stable power load. This paper mainly focuses on the main steam temperature control strategy of thermal power plant, and proposes to use external controller under different load requirements. To ensure the stability of the main steam temperature and optimize the dynamic response speed of the main steam temperature, the external controller of the main steam temperature is designed by the virtual instrument technology platform LabVIEW, and the MODBUS TCP/IP protocol is used. With XDPS6.0, the design of external controller is completed, and with the support of heartbeat packet logic, the automatic switch of external controller is realized, which can guarantee the stability of steam temperature of main steam. It can also switch back to the traditional PID controller when the external controller fails or has manual operation requirements. There are two ideas in the design of the external controller: one is to use fuzzy theory on the basis of the traditional PID controller. The fuzzy self-tuning PID controller is formed by adding the function of PID parameter self-tuning, the other is the combination of neural network technology and fuzzy theory through the use of crystal -neural network technology developed by artificial intelligence. The fuzzy neural network controller with deep integration is formed. At the same time, aiming at the parameter optimization problem of the traditional PID controller, the imperial competition algorithm is used to solve the problem. Finally, the two kinds of external controller and the traditional PID controller are compared. The practicability and advanced nature of the external controller are proved by simulation experiments, and in the process of comparison, it is concluded that different controllers have their own advantages in different situations. The main work of this paper is: 1. Under the condition of considering the constraint of the controlled object, the main work of this paper is: 1. Using Imperial Competition algorithm to optimize the parameters of traditional PID Controller 2.Using virtual instrument technology to realize the design of external controller. 3. To complete the logic design of heartbeat packet, make the external controller more practical, According to the design of fuzzy self-tuning PID and fuzzy neural network external controller, the following conclusions are drawn: the dynamic regulation ability and robustness of fuzzy self-tuning PID control strategy are strong. It can adapt to the complex and changeable field environment, while the fuzzy neural network control strategy is suitable for the scene where the equipment model is more stable and the control precision is higher.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP273;TM621

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