【摘要】：天發(fā)艦收高頻雷達是對傳統(tǒng)固定平臺條件下天地波雷達系統(tǒng)的進一步延伸和發(fā)展,相比于天發(fā)岸收體制提高了雷達的機動性,然而由于艦載平臺運動的影響,使得作為海面狀態(tài)參數(shù)反演信息來源和海上目標檢測背景的一階海雜波呈現(xiàn)出更多特點,因此研究一階海面回波譜有助于天發(fā)艦收高頻雷達在目標檢測和海洋遙感領域的理論和應用研究。本文從信號處理角度分析了一階海雜波的空時分布及展寬特性,從電磁散射理論的角度,研究了混合傳播路徑下高頻雷達系統(tǒng)逐漸復雜的一階海雜波雷達截面積方程。首先,建立了天發(fā)艦收高頻雷達混合傳播路徑的幾何模型,說明了固定群距離下海面散射軌跡的橢圓分布,推導了一階海雜波多普勒頻率公式,并分析了系統(tǒng)布局對空時分布曲線的影響。此外,在兩種陣列布局下,針對單根天線、均勻線性陣列,分別研究了擦地角和雙基地角、艦船運動及電離層相位污染影響下的一階海雜波展寬效應,最后分析了多因素復合作用下的一階海雜波展寬效應。接下來從電磁散射的角度,由混合傳播路徑的幾何關系,推導了電偶極子作為激勵源通過混合路徑傳播后位于接收天線處的頻域電場方程;隨后根據(jù)Walsh的電磁散射理論,假設電離層和海面為隨機過程,推導了單基地、雙基地高頻雷達混合傳播路徑下的一階海雜波RCS方程,并仿真分析了不同電離層擾動狀態(tài)、系統(tǒng)布局、風向及雷達工作頻率對一階譜的影響。最后通過雙基地天發(fā)岸收高頻雷達實驗平臺采集的實測數(shù)據(jù)對建立的一階海雜波模型進行了驗證。最后,根據(jù)艦載平臺運動的幾何運動位移關系,修正了混合傳播路徑的電場方程,并推導了艦載平臺勻速直線運動時天發(fā)艦收高頻雷達一階海雜波RCS方程,通過仿真實驗研究了不同參數(shù)對一階海雜波譜的影響;由于海面的復雜環(huán)境,艦載平臺在勻速運動過程中必然存在著艦船的六維運動,由艦船六維運動的定義及六維運動模型,分析了六維運動對海面回波散射路徑的影響;在以上工作基礎上,分別推導了六維運動作用下的一階海雜波RCS方程,表明六維運動使得一階海雜波產(chǎn)生了調(diào)制譜,并分析了海態(tài)對一階譜的影響。
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說明：天發(fā)艦收高頻雷達系統(tǒng)布局示意圖
[Abstract]:Tianfa ship receiving high frequency radar is a further extension and development of heaven and earth wave radar system under the condition of traditional fixed platform. Compared with Tianfa receiving system, it improves the maneuverability of radar. However, due to the influence of shipborne platform motion, the first order sea clutter, which is the source of inversion information of sea surface state parameters and the background of marine target detection, shows more characteristics. Therefore, the study of first-order sea surface echo spectrum is helpful to the theoretical and applied research of Tianfa ship receiving high frequency radar in the field of target detection and marine remote sensing. In this paper, the space-time distribution and broadening characteristics of first-order sea clutter are analyzed from the point of view of signal processing. From the point of view of electromagnetic scattering theory, the cross-section area equation of first-order sea clutter radar system under mixed propagation path is studied. Firstly, the geometric model of the hybrid propagation path of the receiving high frequency radar is established, the elliptical distribution of the sea surface scattering trajectory at a fixed group distance is explained, the Doppler frequency formula of the first order sea miscellaneous wave is derived, and the influence of the system layout on the space-time distribution curve is analyzed. In addition, under two kinds of array layouts, for a single antenna and a uniform linear array, the broadening effects of first-order sea clutters under the influence of erasing angle and bistatic angle, ship motion and ionosphere phase pollution are studied respectively. finally, the broadening effect of first-order sea clutters under the action of multi-factor combination is analyzed. Then, from the point of view of electromagnetic scattering, from the geometric relationship of the mixed propagation path, the frequency domain electric field equation at the receiving antenna after the electric dipole is propagated through the mixed path as the excitation source is derived. Then, according to Walsh's electromagnetic scattering theory, assuming that the ionosphere and sea surface are random processes, the first-order sea clutter RCS equation under the mixed propagation path of unistatic and bistatic high frequency radar is derived, and the effects of different ionosphere disturbance states, system layout, wind direction and radar frequency on the first-order spectrum are simulated and analyzed. Finally, the first-order sea clutter model is verified by the measured data collected by bistatic Tianfa receiving HF radar experimental platform. Finally, according to the geometric motion displacement relationship of shipborne platform motion, the electric field equation of hybrid propagation path is modified, and the RCS equation of first-order sea clutter of shipborne platform with uniform linear motion is derived. the influence of different parameters on the first-order sea clutter spectrum is studied by simulation experiments. Because of the complex environment of the sea surface, there must be the six-dimensional motion of the ship in the process of uniform motion of the shipborne platform. according to the definition of the six-dimensional motion of the ship and the six-dimensional motion model, the influence of the six-dimensional motion on the scattering path of the sea surface echo is analyzed. On the basis of the above work, the first-order sea clutter RCS equation under the action of six-dimensional motion is derived, which shows that the six-dimensional motion makes the first-order sea clutter produce modulation spectrum, and analyzes the influence of sea state on the first-order spectrum.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN958

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