【摘要】：隨著科技的發(fā)展、硬件芯片和軟件技術(shù)的革新無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)逐漸普及人類(lèi)生活的各個(gè)方面。歐美國(guó)家從本世紀(jì)初已經(jīng)普及家用儀表遠(yuǎn)程抄寫(xiě),目前國(guó)內(nèi)各大儀表廠商和氣熱公司也在致力于研發(fā)面向自動(dòng)抄表的無(wú)線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸系統(tǒng)。本課題從供電、成本、系統(tǒng)可靠性、故障檢測(cè)、系統(tǒng)可用性等方面對(duì)現(xiàn)有的無(wú)線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸系統(tǒng)方案進(jìn)行對(duì)比,論述了現(xiàn)有解決方案分別存在的問(wèn)題提出了電池供電、射頻通信、完全自組網(wǎng)的自動(dòng)抄表無(wú)線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸方案。論文概括了面向自動(dòng)抄表無(wú)線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)膰?guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,對(duì)自動(dòng)抄表系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行總結(jié),對(duì)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景進(jìn)行詳細(xì)描述;然后結(jié)合其儀表抄寫(xiě)的數(shù)據(jù)量小、周期性等特點(diǎn)對(duì)系統(tǒng)需求進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析,并對(duì)系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行闡述,提出自己的技術(shù)路線。論文介紹了基于6LowPAN的自組網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸系統(tǒng)的總體架構(gòu)方案,并對(duì)系統(tǒng)各部分進(jìn)行功能分解和詳細(xì)介紹。針對(duì)無(wú)線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸系統(tǒng)的雙向傳輸功能,本文對(duì)系統(tǒng)通信架構(gòu)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)并提出了設(shè)計(jì)方案,確保無(wú)線數(shù)據(jù)端到端可靠性;另外,考慮到系統(tǒng)的部署環(huán)境問(wèn)題,為了方便用戶(hù)在部署和故障調(diào)試時(shí)對(duì)無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行配置控制和狀態(tài)查看,本文對(duì)無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)集中控制器部分進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì),并從系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用便捷性角度出發(fā)提出構(gòu)建無(wú)線AP并搭建web服務(wù)器的方式方便移動(dòng)設(shè)備接入集中器進(jìn)行無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)控制。本課題中對(duì)系統(tǒng)的硬件進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的設(shè)計(jì)并給出了無(wú)線模塊和集中器設(shè)備的詳細(xì)構(gòu)成和外圍電路圖,同時(shí)也詳細(xì)介紹了軟件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)思路,并對(duì)上行下行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸給出了合理的應(yīng)用層數(shù)據(jù)傳輸協(xié)議。本課題設(shè)計(jì)和開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程中統(tǒng)籌考慮了系統(tǒng)長(zhǎng)周期運(yùn)行的可靠性和實(shí)際工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中產(chǎn)品的批量生產(chǎn)、部署、調(diào)試等問(wèn)題。為了保障系統(tǒng)的長(zhǎng)周期穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行采用了一系列的方法和技術(shù),包括6LowPAN網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)測(cè)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)控制、Supervisor進(jìn)程監(jiān)控、基于紅外的診斷調(diào)試方法等。集中器的硬件選擇、電路設(shè)計(jì)和軟件構(gòu)建都考慮到了系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性和系統(tǒng)斷電、宕機(jī)等異常情況。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, the innovation of hardware chip and software technology wireless network technology gradually popularizes all aspects of human life. European and American countries have popularized remote copying of household instruments since the beginning of this century. At present, domestic instrument manufacturers and gas and heat companies are also committed to the development of wireless data transmission system for automatic meter reading. In this paper, the existing wireless data transmission system schemes are compared from the aspects of power supply, cost, system reliability, fault detection, system availability and so on, and the existing solutions are discussed respectively. the automatic meter reading wireless data transmission scheme of battery power supply, radio frequency communication and complete ad hoc network is put forward. This paper summarizes the research status of wireless data transmission for automatic meter reading at home and abroad, summarizes the characteristics of automatic meter reading system, describes the application scene of the system in detail, and then analyzes the system requirements in detail according to the characteristics of small amount of data and periodicity of instrument copying, and expounds the key technical problems of the system, and puts forward its own technical route. In this paper, the overall architecture of ad hoc network data transmission system based on 6LowPAN is introduced, and each part of the system is decomposed and introduced in detail. Aiming at the bidirectional transmission function of wireless data transmission system, this paper designs the communication architecture of the system in detail and puts forward a design scheme to ensure the end-to-end reliability of wireless data. In addition, considering the deployment environment of the system, in order to facilitate users to configure and control the wireless network during deployment and fault debugging, this paper designs the wireless network centralized controller in detail, and proposes a way to construct wireless AP and build web server to facilitate mobile device access concentrator for wireless network control from the point of view of system application convenience. In this paper, the hardware of the system is designed in detail, and the detailed composition and peripheral circuit diagram of the wireless module and concentrator equipment are given. at the same time, the design idea of the software system is introduced in detail, and a reasonable application layer data transmission protocol for uplink and downlink data transmission is given. In the process of design and development, the reliability of the long cycle operation of the system and the mass production, deployment and debugging of the products in the actual industrial production are considered as a whole. In order to ensure the long period stable operation of the system, a series of methods and techniques are adopted, including 6LowPAN network monitoring and network control, Supervisor process monitoring, infrared based diagnosis and debugging methods and so on. The hardware selection, circuit design and software construction of the concentrator all take into account the system stability, system power outage, outage and other anomalies.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN919.6

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