【摘要】：近年來,工業(yè)的發(fā)展尤為迅速,工廠在生產(chǎn)過程中會產(chǎn)生工業(yè)廢氣,有些廢氣會對我們的生活造成嚴重影響,同時還會對我們生存的環(huán)境造成嚴重的污染�；S有時候會出現(xiàn)意外突發(fā)狀況——化工氣體泄漏事件,當突發(fā)事件發(fā)生時,如果能夠?qū)π孤c迅速定位,就能迅速對泄漏事件做出反應(yīng),大大降低氣體泄漏帶來的影響。氣體源的定位是通過一定的方法對氣體排放源頭進行迅速定位,以便于對氣體污染做出迅速處理。隨著各種微型傳感器的出現(xiàn),無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)以其低成本,低功耗的優(yōu)點被廣泛的應(yīng)用到軍事、環(huán)境、醫(yī)療等領(lǐng)域。針對以上問題本文做了如下工作:論文針對各種不同的無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)定位技術(shù)進行了分類和討論,介紹了幾種在研究中常用的定位算法,并分析了這幾種定位算法的優(yōu)缺點以及其局限性。針對氣體擴散的物理特征以及影響氣體擴散的一些因素進行簡單的分析,同時還介紹了研究中常用的氣體湍流擴散模型和高斯煙羽模型,在無風和有風的條件下對氣體湍流擴散模型進行論述,隨后對高斯模型進行了簡單的分析和仿真論證。為了簡化對氣體擴散的模擬,本文采用等值線對氣體擴散進行模擬。首先本文介紹了等值線的繪制工具和繪制方法,隨后介紹了Surfer軟件繪制等值線的優(yōu)勢,接著本文以具體實例對利用Surfer軟件繪制等值線的步驟進行詳細的介紹,并對氣體等值線的一些規(guī)律進行闡述,同時還對繪制的氣體擴散等值線進行了簡單的分析。本文對研究中常用的氣體源點定位的算法進行了簡單的論述,結(jié)合不同算法的優(yōu)缺點,本文采用加權(quán)質(zhì)心定位算法針對無風條件下的氣體源點進行定位,并根據(jù)具體的實驗進行仿真驗證,驗證了加權(quán)質(zhì)心算法的可行性。針對有風條件下加權(quán)質(zhì)心算法定位誤差較大的問題,本文結(jié)合粒子濾波定位器的特點和適用范圍,采用粒子濾波算法來對氣體源點進行定位,以降低有風條件下系統(tǒng)對氣體源點定位的誤差。本文以序貫重要性采樣粒子濾波器進行詳細的介紹了粒子濾波器的優(yōu)點,進而對有風條件下的氣體源點的粒子濾波定位算法進行詳細的闡述。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the development of industry is especially rapid. Factories will produce industrial waste gas in the process of production, some of which will have a serious impact on our lives, but also will cause serious pollution to our living environment. Chemical plants sometimes have an unexpected emergency-chemical gas leakage, when the emergency occurs, if the leakage point can be quickly located, can quickly respond to the leakage incident, greatly reduce the impact of gas leakage. The location of gas source is to locate the source of gas emission by certain method, so as to deal with the gas pollution quickly. With the emergence of various micro sensors, wireless sensor networks are widely used in military, environmental, medical and other fields because of their low cost and low power consumption. Aiming at the above problems, this paper has done the following work: this paper classifies and discusses various kinds of wireless sensor network localization technology, and introduces several common localization algorithms in the research. The advantages and disadvantages of these algorithms are analyzed. The physical characteristics of gas diffusion and some factors affecting gas diffusion are simply analyzed. The gas turbulent diffusion model and Gao Si smoke plume model are also introduced. In the absence of wind and wind, the gas turbulent diffusion model is discussed, and then the Gao Si model is analyzed and simulated. In order to simplify the simulation of gas diffusion, the contour line is used to simulate the gas diffusion. Firstly, this paper introduces the drawing tools and methods of isoline, then introduces the advantages of Surfer software to draw isoline, and then introduces the steps of drawing isoline using Surfer software in detail with concrete examples. Some laws of gas contours are expounded, and the gas diffusion isolines drawn are analyzed simply. In this paper, the commonly used gas source location algorithms are briefly discussed. Combined with the advantages and disadvantages of different algorithms, the weighted centroid localization algorithm is used to locate the gas source points under the condition of no wind. The feasibility of the weighted centroid algorithm is verified by simulation. Aiming at the problem of large positioning error of weighted centroid algorithm under the condition of wind, combined with the characteristics and applicable range of particle filter locator, this paper uses particle filter algorithm to locate gas source. In order to reduce the system positioning error of gas source under the condition of wind. In this paper, the advantages of particle filter are introduced in detail by sequential importance sampling particle filter, and then the particle filter location algorithm of gas source point under wind condition is described in detail.
【學位授予單位】：河南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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