發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-23 09:49

【摘要】：移動(dòng)自組織網(wǎng)(Mobile Ad hoc Network,MANET)具有拓?fù)鋭?dòng)態(tài)性、帶寬受限等特點(diǎn),其中良好的路由協(xié)議是構(gòu)建移動(dòng)自組織網(wǎng)的首要問(wèn)題,也是研究的熱點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。由于移動(dòng)自組織網(wǎng)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)具有動(dòng)態(tài)變化的特點(diǎn),傳統(tǒng)的基于拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的路由協(xié)議并不能取得理想的路由性能。隨著定位技術(shù)的發(fā)展和定位精度的提高,基于地理位置信息的路由協(xié)議逐漸成為了移動(dòng)自組織網(wǎng)路由協(xié)議的主流研究方向。本文分別從基于拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)和地理位置信息兩方面研究移動(dòng)自組織網(wǎng)路由協(xié)議,重點(diǎn)對(duì)典型的地理位置路由貪婪周邊無(wú)狀態(tài)路由(Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing,GPSR)算法進(jìn)行深入研究,主要內(nèi)容包括:(1).針對(duì)貪婪轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)易出現(xiàn)邊界效應(yīng)和最佳主機(jī)問(wèn)題,在考慮距離因素的基礎(chǔ)上,補(bǔ)充考慮了角度因素和鄰居節(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù),最后根據(jù)各鄰居節(jié)點(diǎn)的判決度量值選取最優(yōu)下一跳節(jié)點(diǎn)。具體來(lái)說(shuō),在進(jìn)行路徑選擇時(shí),優(yōu)先選擇偏轉(zhuǎn)角度較小的節(jié)點(diǎn),進(jìn)而減小出現(xiàn)邊界效應(yīng)的概率;選擇鄰居節(jié)點(diǎn)較多的節(jié)點(diǎn)以盡可能避免路由空洞。當(dāng)貪婪轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)失敗轉(zhuǎn)為周邊轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)時(shí),針對(duì)周邊轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的路徑最優(yōu)化問(wèn)題,本文綜合角度、鄰居節(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)及剩余能量來(lái)計(jì)算備選節(jié)點(diǎn)的判決度量值,并根據(jù)所得度量值選擇最優(yōu)的下一跳節(jié)點(diǎn)。其中,優(yōu)先選擇能量較高的節(jié)點(diǎn),可有效避免因節(jié)點(diǎn)能量耗盡導(dǎo)致路由空洞進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大。仿真結(jié)果表明,改進(jìn)的算法在包投遞率、平均端到端時(shí)延、控制開銷比方面均有明顯地性能改善。(2).針對(duì)GPSR算法采用固定周期信標(biāo)(Periodic Beaconing,PB)策略易產(chǎn)生通信暫盲現(xiàn)象這一問(wèn)題,本文引入了一種基于模糊邏輯的動(dòng)態(tài)信標(biāo)(Fuzzy Logic based Dynamic Beaconing,FLDB)策略加以改善,該策略以節(jié)點(diǎn)移動(dòng)速度、鄰居節(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)和節(jié)點(diǎn)剩余能量作為評(píng)價(jià)因素,利用模糊邏輯控制機(jī)制確定信標(biāo)周期,從而提高鄰居節(jié)點(diǎn)表構(gòu)建與維護(hù)地實(shí)時(shí)性與準(zhǔn)確性,為數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)提供可靠依據(jù)。仿真結(jié)果表明,與PB策略相比,FLDB策略有效地減少了通信暫盲現(xiàn)象,引入FLDB策略后GPSR算法在包投遞率、控制開銷比、平均端到端時(shí)延性能上均有明顯地改善。
[Abstract]:Mobile ad hoc network (Mobile Ad hoc Network,MANET) has the characteristics of topology dynamics and bandwidth limitation, among which good routing protocol is the most important problem in the construction of mobile ad hoc networks, and it is also a hot and difficult point in the research. Due to the dynamic characteristics of mobile ad hoc network topology, traditional routing protocols based on topology can not achieve ideal routing performance. With the development of location technology and the improvement of location accuracy, the routing protocol based on geographical location information has gradually become the mainstream research direction of mobile ad hoc network routing protocols. In this paper, based on topology and geographic location information, the routing protocols of mobile ad hoc networks are studied, and the typical greedy stateless routing (Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing,GPSR) algorithm of geographical location routing is studied in detail. The main contents include: (1). Aiming at the problem that greedy forwarding is prone to the boundary effect and the optimal host the angle factor and the number of neighbor nodes are taken into account on the basis of the distance factor. Finally the optimal next hop node is selected according to the judgment measure of each neighbor node. Specifically, in path selection, the node with a smaller deflection angle is preferred to reduce the probability of boundary effect, and nodes with more neighbor nodes are selected to avoid routing holes as much as possible. When greedy forwarding fails to be transferred to peripheral forwarding, the decision metric of alternative nodes is calculated by synthesizing the number of neighbor nodes and residual energy in view of the path optimization problem of peripheral forwarding. The optimal next hop node is selected according to the measured value. Among them, the nodes with higher energy can be selected first, which can effectively avoid the further expansion of the routing holes caused by the node energy depletion. Simulation results show that the performance of the improved algorithm is significantly improved in terms of packet delivery rate, average end-to-end delay and control overhead ratio. (2). In order to solve the problem that fixed period beacon (Periodic Beaconing,PB) strategy in GPSR algorithm is easy to cause transient blind communication, this paper introduces a dynamic beacon (Fuzzy Logic based Dynamic Beaconing,FLDB strategy based on fuzzy logic to improve it. In this strategy, the moving speed of nodes, the number of neighbor nodes and the residual energy of nodes are taken as evaluation factors, and the beacon period is determined by using fuzzy logic control mechanism to improve the real-time and accuracy of neighbor node table construction and maintenance. It provides reliable basis for data forwarding. The simulation results show that compared with the PB strategy, the FLDB strategy can effectively reduce the transient blind phenomenon of communication. The GPSR algorithm with the FLDB strategy has significant improvement in packet delivery rate, control overhead ratio and average end-to-end delay performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5

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本文編號(hào)：2351137