【摘要】：無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)在環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)、遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療、智能家居和軍事國(guó)防等領(lǐng)域提供了實(shí)時(shí)的數(shù)據(jù),由于無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)是以數(shù)據(jù)為中心的網(wǎng)絡(luò),所以如何優(yōu)化無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸是一個(gè)重要的研究問(wèn)題。傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)通常部署在野外或者敵方區(qū)域,節(jié)點(diǎn)周期性采集的數(shù)據(jù)之間存在冗余,大量的冗余數(shù)據(jù)將增加節(jié)點(diǎn)的通信開(kāi)銷(xiāo),此外,攻擊者利用節(jié)點(diǎn)抗捕獲能力弱的特點(diǎn)來(lái)捕獲節(jié)點(diǎn),獲取節(jié)點(diǎn)中敏感的信息,利用節(jié)點(diǎn)密鑰生成大量虛假數(shù)據(jù),向網(wǎng)絡(luò)注入虛假數(shù)據(jù),這不僅增加網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信開(kāi)銷(xiāo),而且會(huì)使決策者做出錯(cuò)誤的決定。本文圍繞消除冗余數(shù)據(jù)、虛假數(shù)據(jù)過(guò)濾等問(wèn)題展開(kāi)研究。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容有以下幾點(diǎn):(1)針對(duì)無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中節(jié)點(diǎn)采集的數(shù)據(jù)之間存在冗余度高的問(wèn)題,本文提出了一種變長(zhǎng)數(shù)據(jù)融合算法。通過(guò)對(duì)無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)感知數(shù)據(jù)的序列進(jìn)行分析,計(jì)算出感知數(shù)據(jù)序列的權(quán)重值,并通過(guò)權(quán)重值、參數(shù)以及給定的誤差閾值來(lái)消除融合數(shù)據(jù),感知數(shù)據(jù)的序列長(zhǎng)度是根據(jù)環(huán)境的變化而動(dòng)態(tài)自適應(yīng)調(diào)整。通過(guò)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,根據(jù)環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)的變化該算法能夠有效地減少冗余數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸,滿足數(shù)據(jù)的精確度。(2)針對(duì)無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸數(shù)據(jù)過(guò)程中存在的虛假數(shù)據(jù)的問(wèn)題,本文提出了一種基于動(dòng)態(tài)密鑰更新的虛假數(shù)據(jù)過(guò)濾方案。在該方案中,節(jié)點(diǎn)中的密鑰采用鏈?zhǔn)竭M(jìn)行存儲(chǔ),網(wǎng)絡(luò)中傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)包附帶著MAC、標(biāo)記位和ID信息,轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)節(jié)點(diǎn)對(duì)接收的數(shù)據(jù)包進(jìn)行MAC、標(biāo)記位以及ID信息的合法性進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。通過(guò)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,該方案可以有效過(guò)濾出網(wǎng)絡(luò)中傳輸?shù)奶摷贁?shù)據(jù)。(3)針對(duì)本文提出的一種變長(zhǎng)數(shù)據(jù)融合算法和基于動(dòng)態(tài)密鑰更新的虛假數(shù)據(jù)過(guò)濾方案設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)原型系統(tǒng),并對(duì)原型系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行測(cè)試。通過(guò)對(duì)原型系統(tǒng)的測(cè)試,可以得出,本文提出的變長(zhǎng)數(shù)據(jù)融合算法和基于動(dòng)態(tài)密鑰更新的虛假數(shù)據(jù)過(guò)濾方案能夠很好地優(yōu)化無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸問(wèn)題,大大提高無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中數(shù)據(jù)傳輸效率,提高數(shù)據(jù)的安全性。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor networks provide real-time data in the areas of environmental monitoring, telemedicine, smart home and military defense, since wireless sensor networks are data-centric networks. So how to optimize wireless sensor network data transmission is an important research problem. Sensor network nodes are usually deployed in the field or in the enemy area. There is redundancy between the periodic data collected by the nodes, and a large amount of redundant data will increase the communication overhead of the nodes. Attackers take advantage of the weak anti-capture ability of nodes to capture nodes, obtain sensitive information in nodes, generate a large number of false data by using node keys, and inject false data into the network, which not only increases the network communication overhead, but also increases the network communication cost. And it makes the decision makers make the wrong decisions. This paper focuses on the elimination of redundant data, false data filtering and other issues. The main research contents are as follows: (1) aiming at the problem of high redundancy among the data collected by nodes in wireless sensor networks, a variable length data fusion algorithm is proposed in this paper. By analyzing the sequence of perceptual data in wireless sensor networks, the weight of perceptual data sequence is calculated, and the fused data is eliminated by weight value, parameter and given error threshold. The sequence length of perceptual data is adjusted dynamically and adaptively according to the change of environment. The simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively reduce the transmission of redundant data and satisfy the accuracy of data. (2) aiming at the problem of false data transmission in wireless sensor networks, A false data filtering scheme based on dynamic key updating is proposed in this paper. In this scheme, the key in the node is stored by chain, and the packets transmitted in the network are accompanied by MAC, tag bit and ID information. The forwarding node verifies the validity of the received data packet by MAC, tag bit and ID information. The simulation results show that the scheme can effectively filter out the false data transmitted in the network. (3) A prototype system is designed for a variable length data fusion algorithm proposed in this paper and a false data filtering scheme based on dynamic key updating. The prototype system is tested. By testing the prototype system, it can be concluded that the proposed variable length data fusion algorithm and the false data filtering scheme based on dynamic key update can well optimize the data transmission problem of wireless sensor networks. The efficiency of data transmission in wireless sensor networks is greatly improved and the security of data is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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