基于iBeacon的室內(nèi)精確定位技術(shù)研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-12 18:34
【摘要】：近年來,基于地理位置的服務(LBS)進入了快速發(fā)展的階段。從1994年GPS全球定位系統(tǒng)建設(shè)完成開始,世界各國就相繼研發(fā)了很多新的衛(wèi)星導航系統(tǒng),如GLONASS、伽利略、IRNSS、北斗等定位系統(tǒng)都陸續(xù)投入了商用。至此以衛(wèi)星導航為引領(lǐng)的室外定位技術(shù)便逐漸完善和成熟起來。但類似于衛(wèi)星導航系統(tǒng)的室外定位技術(shù)卻無法很好地適應室內(nèi)的使用環(huán)境。室內(nèi)復雜多變的物理環(huán)境和建筑物結(jié)構(gòu),從很大程度上制約了依賴高頻電磁波信號的室外定位導航技術(shù),這使得相當長一段時間內(nèi)室內(nèi)定位問題的研究一直處于滯后階段,沒有很好的解決方案。然而隨著2010年低功耗藍牙核心規(guī)范發(fā)布,其對室內(nèi)定位所依賴的信標設(shè)備的性能提升具有劃時代的意義,因此新的高精度室內(nèi)定位解決方案的研究又進入了新的階段。本課題的研究正是著眼于目前比較熱門的低功耗藍牙的技術(shù)規(guī)范,特別是由它衍生出的基于iBeacon的藍牙技術(shù)理論,將其與改進的定位和測距算法進行結(jié)合,最后提出一種新的室內(nèi)精確定位解決方案。本文首先分析了各類定位技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀,包括主流的室內(nèi)定位技術(shù)以及各類測距定位算法,并以此為基礎(chǔ)改進了基于RSSI的室內(nèi)定位算法。之后重點研究了本課題定位系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)的各類關(guān)鍵算法,并結(jié)合iBeacon藍牙技術(shù),提出了高精度室內(nèi)定位的解決方案。在系統(tǒng)關(guān)節(jié)算法設(shè)計實現(xiàn)環(huán)節(jié),本文選定了使用Android平臺進行軟件的開發(fā),同時也分析該平臺軟件開發(fā)的技術(shù)特點和在其上進行定位算法研究需要解決的問題,提出了一些在Android系統(tǒng)中研發(fā)定位應用的技術(shù)優(yōu)化方法,包括在該系統(tǒng)上操作藍牙協(xié)議棧和藍牙設(shè)備交互以及如何高效地實現(xiàn)核心定位算法等。最后基于最小代價原則,從開發(fā)出一款滿足實驗需求的手機軟件,用于實驗測試。通過實驗平臺的搭建和最終的測試數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果分析,最終充分驗證了本課題提出室內(nèi)精確定位理論的可行性和可用性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, geographical location based service (LBS) has entered a stage of rapid development. Since the completion of GPS Global Positioning system (GPS) in 1994, many new satellite navigation systems have been developed around the world, such as GLONASS, Galileo IRNSS, Beidou and so on, which have been put into commercial use one after another. So far, the outdoor positioning technology guided by satellite navigation will be gradually improved and matured. However, outdoor positioning technology similar to satellite navigation system can not adapt to indoor environment. The complex and changeable indoor physical environment and the building structure, to a large extent, restrict the outdoor positioning and navigation technology, which depends on the high frequency electromagnetic wave signal, which makes the research of indoor positioning problem in a long period of time in the lag stage. There is no good solution. However, with the release of low power Bluetooth core specification in 2010, the performance improvement of beacon devices which depend on indoor positioning has epoch-making significance. Therefore, the research of new high-precision indoor positioning solutions has entered a new stage. The research of this subject is focused on the popular low power Bluetooth technology specification, especially the Bluetooth technology theory based on iBeacon derived from it, which is combined with the improved location and ranging algorithm. Finally, a new indoor precise location solution is proposed. This paper first analyzes the research status of various localization technologies, including the mainstream indoor positioning technology and various ranging and location algorithms, and improves the indoor location algorithm based on RSSI. After that, the key algorithms of this system are studied, and the solution of high precision indoor positioning is proposed based on iBeacon Bluetooth technology. In the design and realization of the system joint algorithm, this paper selects the Android platform for software development, and also analyzes the technical characteristics of the platform software development and the problems to be solved in the research of positioning algorithm on the platform. In this paper, some technical optimization methods for research and development of positioning application in Android system are presented, including how to operate Bluetooth protocol stack and Bluetooth device interaction on the system, and how to implement the core localization algorithm efficiently and so on. Finally, based on the principle of minimum cost, a mobile phone software is developed to meet the experimental requirements. Finally, the feasibility and availability of the indoor precise positioning theory are fully verified by the construction of the experimental platform and the analysis of the final test data.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN925
[Abstract]:In recent years, geographical location based service (LBS) has entered a stage of rapid development. Since the completion of GPS Global Positioning system (GPS) in 1994, many new satellite navigation systems have been developed around the world, such as GLONASS, Galileo IRNSS, Beidou and so on, which have been put into commercial use one after another. So far, the outdoor positioning technology guided by satellite navigation will be gradually improved and matured. However, outdoor positioning technology similar to satellite navigation system can not adapt to indoor environment. The complex and changeable indoor physical environment and the building structure, to a large extent, restrict the outdoor positioning and navigation technology, which depends on the high frequency electromagnetic wave signal, which makes the research of indoor positioning problem in a long period of time in the lag stage. There is no good solution. However, with the release of low power Bluetooth core specification in 2010, the performance improvement of beacon devices which depend on indoor positioning has epoch-making significance. Therefore, the research of new high-precision indoor positioning solutions has entered a new stage. The research of this subject is focused on the popular low power Bluetooth technology specification, especially the Bluetooth technology theory based on iBeacon derived from it, which is combined with the improved location and ranging algorithm. Finally, a new indoor precise location solution is proposed. This paper first analyzes the research status of various localization technologies, including the mainstream indoor positioning technology and various ranging and location algorithms, and improves the indoor location algorithm based on RSSI. After that, the key algorithms of this system are studied, and the solution of high precision indoor positioning is proposed based on iBeacon Bluetooth technology. In the design and realization of the system joint algorithm, this paper selects the Android platform for software development, and also analyzes the technical characteristics of the platform software development and the problems to be solved in the research of positioning algorithm on the platform. In this paper, some technical optimization methods for research and development of positioning application in Android system are presented, including how to operate Bluetooth protocol stack and Bluetooth device interaction on the system, and how to implement the core localization algorithm efficiently and so on. Finally, based on the principle of minimum cost, a mobile phone software is developed to meet the experimental requirements. Finally, the feasibility and availability of the indoor precise positioning theory are fully verified by the construction of the experimental platform and the analysis of the final test data.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN925
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