本文選題：標簽天線 + 分形天線��； 參考：《江西理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在RFID通信技術快速發(fā)展的今天,對系統(tǒng)中的標簽和閱讀器的精度要求越高,并且隨著制造業(yè)能力的不斷提高,對芯片中的硬件集成度也更高,這就要求設計出能夠滿足小型化的天線。本文通過對分形理論的理解,以及其在天線設計中所具有的特性進行分析之后,介紹了二叉樹分形閱讀器天線、矩形分形標簽天線、樹狀結構分形天線等天線的情況,并在二叉樹弧形分形結構的基礎上設計了三叉樹弧形分形結構的天線。所做的工作、創(chuàng)新點以及實現(xiàn)的結果主要有以下幾點:(1)采用HFSS軟件對三叉樹弧形天線進行設計,首先設置驅動模式求解,再添加設計過程中所需要的變量,接下來對天線的結構進行建模,并且設置激勵、輻射邊界條件、2.45GHz工作頻率以及掃頻。設置完成之后,對天線進行仿真,并且對仿真結果進行分析是否滿足天線特性參數(shù)的要求。此外對天線的巴倫結構、振子結構以及阻抗匹配結構的參數(shù)分別進行優(yōu)化分析,設計出一個性能更好的三叉樹弧形分形天線。(2)該天線主要是將二叉樹的結構轉為三叉樹的結構,并且將三叉樹中每個分支的弧形結構由90度增至180度,這兩種結構相互結合,相對增加了貼片天線的面積,能夠在一定程度上加強天線的輻射特性。利用這種特殊的結構,能夠實現(xiàn)在同等面積的情況下,增加天線振子的長度,在一定程度上減小天線的尺寸。(3)所設計的三叉樹弧形結構的天線采用采用相對介電常數(shù)4.4r?(28),介質損耗角正切tan?(28)0.035的環(huán)氧玻璃板為介質基片,利用簡單的微帶巴倫結構進行饋電,通過平行雙線結構實現(xiàn)更優(yōu)的阻抗匹配。軟件HFSS電磁性能仿真分析結果表明,天線的諧振中心頻率為2.45GHz,在中心頻率出的S11參數(shù)的值為-36dB,阻抗匹配效果比較理想,在S11小于-10dB的頻率范圍為2.28GHz到2.49GHz,帶寬為210MHz,相對帶寬為8.5%,增益的大小為1.49dBi。對該天線進行實物加工與測試,它的輸入反射系數(shù)S11和方向圖實測結果與軟件仿真非常吻合,天線的尺寸有所降低,滿足天線小型化的要求,在未來RFID領域有更廣闊的應用前景。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of RFID communication technology, the higher the accuracy of tags and readers in the system, and with the continuous improvement of manufacturing capabilities, the higher the integration of the hardware in the chip. This requires the design of an antenna that can be miniaturized. Based on the understanding of fractal theory and its characteristics in antenna design, this paper introduces the antenna of binary tree fractal reader antenna, rectangular fractal tag antenna, tree structure fractal antenna and so on. Based on the arc fractal structure of binary tree, the antenna with arc fractal structure is designed. The main results of the work, innovation and implementation are as follows: (1) the tri-tree arc antenna is designed with HFSS software. First, the driving mode is set up, and then the variables needed in the design process are added. Then the structure of the antenna is modeled, and the excitation is set up, the operating frequency of 2.45GHz and the sweep frequency are obtained under the radiation boundary condition. After the setup is completed, the antenna is simulated, and the simulation results are analyzed whether it meets the requirements of antenna characteristic parameters. In addition, the parameters of the Barren structure, the dipole structure and the impedance matching structure of the antenna are optimized, and a better performance tri-tree arc fractal antenna is designed. (2) the structure of the binary tree is mainly changed into the structure of the tri-tree. The arc structure of each branch of the tree is increased from 90 degrees to 180 degrees. The combination of the two structures increases the area of the patch antenna and enhances the radiation characteristics of the antenna to a certain extent. With this special structure, the length of the antenna dipole can be increased under the same area. To some extent, the size of the antenna is reduced. (3) the designed tri-tree arc antenna is fed by a simple microstrip Barren structure with a relative dielectric constant of 4.4 r? (28) and an epoxy glass plate with dielectric loss angle tangent tan-( 28) 0.035. Better impedance matching is realized by parallel two-wire structure. The simulation results of the electromagnetic performance of HFSS show that the resonant center frequency of the antenna is 2.45 GHz, and the S11 parameter at the central frequency is -36 dB, and the impedance matching effect is satisfactory. The frequency range of S11 less than -10dB is 2.28GHz to 2.49GHz, the bandwidth is 210MHz, the relative bandwidth is 8.5, the gain is 1.49dBi. The antenna is processed and tested. The measured results of the input reflection coefficient S11 and the pattern are in good agreement with the software simulation. The size of the antenna is reduced to meet the requirement of antenna miniaturization. In the future RFID field has a broader application prospects.
【學位授予單位】：江西理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN821.4;TP391.44

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