本文選題：物聯(lián)網　切入點：無線傳感器網絡　出處：《西南交通大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：物聯(lián)網是繼計算機、互聯(lián)網和移動通信網之后世界信息產業(yè)又一次革命性發(fā)展,近年來發(fā)展迅速,并被廣泛應用于工業(yè)監(jiān)控、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生和智能交通等領域。相關研究日益受到世界各國政府、學術界和工業(yè)界的重視。物聯(lián)網匯聚了眾多新技術,其中,傳感器網絡和射頻識別技術作為物聯(lián)網感知層的兩大關鍵技術,在整個物聯(lián)網體系中發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用。 本論文主要針對物聯(lián)網感知層的關鍵技術,即無線傳感器網絡路由協(xié)議和射頻識別系統(tǒng)多標簽防碰撞技術進行研究和算法改進。主要工作內容及成果如下： (1)分析了物聯(lián)網感知層在物聯(lián)網體系中的地位和作用,詳細介紹了無線傳感器網絡和射頻識別技術,重點研究了無線傳感器網絡的路由算法和射頻識別系統(tǒng)的多標簽防碰撞技術,并分別建立仿真模型,進行了對比分析。 (2)在全面分析EEUC協(xié)議優(yōu)缺點的基礎上,提出了一種能量均衡的非均勻分簇路由協(xié)議EBUC。新協(xié)議從三個方面對EEUC協(xié)議進行了改進,一是借鑒LEACH協(xié)議的簇首產生機制,并加入剩余能量因子對候選簇首產生策略進行改進；二是引入獨立節(jié)點概念對簇的建立過程作了進一步優(yōu)化,使網絡拓撲結構更加合理；三是在多跳路由建立階段,新算法根據距離的不同將候選中繼節(jié)點劃分為不同的優(yōu)先級,從而改進了中繼節(jié)點的選取過程。仿真結果顯示,EBUC算法有效降低了簇首能耗,使節(jié)點能量更加均衡,網絡存活時間更長。 (3)在深入研究IPA算法的基礎上,提出了一種新穎的基于ID預測的二進制防碰撞算法NIPA。新算法從兩個方面對IPA算法作了改進,一是通過對計數(shù)域值確定情況下IPA中采用的JDS算法進行改進,實現(xiàn)了當檢測到有兩個數(shù)據位發(fā)生碰撞時閱讀器對標簽的直接識別；二是通過使閱讀器記憶部分標簽反饋信息作為下一次查詢時的已知信息,減少了閱讀器與標簽之間的數(shù)據傳輸量。仿真實驗表明,NIPA算法可以有效提高系統(tǒng)的識別效率,降低數(shù)據傳輸冗余。
[Abstract]:The Internet of things is another revolutionary development of the world's information industry after computers, the Internet of Internet and the mobile communication network. In recent years, the Internet of things has developed rapidly and has been widely used in industrial monitoring and control. In the fields of health and intelligent transportation, the related research has been paid more and more attention by governments, academia and industry around the world. The Internet of things has brought together many new technologies, among which, Sensor networks and radio frequency identification (RFID), as two key technologies of the Internet of things perception layer, play an irreplaceable role in the whole IoT system. This thesis mainly focuses on the key technologies of the perception layer of the Internet of things, that is, the routing protocol of wireless sensor network and the anti-collision technology of RFID system. The main contents and results are as follows:. In this paper, the position and function of IOT perception layer in Internet of things system are analyzed, and the wireless sensor network and radio frequency identification technology are introduced in detail. The routing algorithm of wireless sensor network and the multi-label anti-collision technology of radio frequency identification system are studied, and the simulation models are established and compared with each other. Based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of EEUC protocol, an energy balanced non-uniform clustering routing protocol EBUC is proposed. The new protocol improves the EEUC protocol from three aspects. The first is to learn from the cluster head generation mechanism of LEACH protocol. And the residual energy factor is added to improve the candidate cluster head generation strategy. Second, the independent node concept is introduced to further optimize the cluster building process to make the network topology more reasonable; third, in the multi-hop routing stage, The new algorithm divides the candidate relay nodes into different priorities according to the distance, and improves the selection process of the relay nodes. The simulation results show that the cluster head energy consumption is reduced effectively and the node energy is more balanced by the proposed algorithm. The network lives longer. Based on the research of IPA algorithm, a novel binary anti-collision algorithm based on ID prediction is proposed. The new algorithm improves the IPA algorithm from two aspects. The first is to improve the JDS algorithm used in IPA in the case of determining the value of the counting domain, and realize the direct recognition of tags when two bits of data are detected to collide. Second, the reader can memorize partial tag feedback information as the known information in the next query, which reduces the amount of data transmission between the reader and the tag. The simulation results show that the NIPA algorithm can effectively improve the recognition efficiency of the system. Reduce data transmission redundancy.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP391.44;TN929.5

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